论区域管理局与“海洋经济发展规划”

根据国务院总理温家宝关于“国家海洋局要把工作重点放在规划、立法和管理上”的重要批示,国家组织力量先后进行了《全国海洋功能区划》和《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》的制定工作。2002年8月22日,国务院批准了《全国海洋功能区划》。同年9月4日,经国务院同意,由国家海洋局发布了《全国海洋功能区划》。2003年5月9日,国务院批准了由国家发展和改革委员会、国土资源部和国家海洋局组织制定的《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》。《全国海洋功能区划》和《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》的颁布,是我国海洋事业发展里程碑的两件大事,具有重大的现实意义…     

河口区海洋经济发展的思考

21世纪是海洋的世纪,随着人们对开发海洋的认识突飞猛进,发展海洋经济已成为全球经济增长和国际竞争的一个重要领域,成为世界经济发展的热点和新趋势.2003年国务院批准实施《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》,国家海洋局编制了《中国海洋21世纪议程》,并制定了《全国海洋功能区划》,明确提出海洋经济要高于全国经济平均发展速度.     

认真贯彻海洋经济发展规划 持续健康发展海洋经济

最近,国务院发布了《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》(以下简称《规划》)。这是我国制定的第一个指导全国海洋经济发展的宏伟蓝图和纲领性文件,是党中央、国务院贯彻落实十六大提出的“实施海洋开发”战略部署的重大举措。《规划》确定了海洋经济发展的战略目标、海洋区域开发原则和海洋产业布局,以及相关支持领域的发展方向和重要措施。贯彻和实施好《规划》,将有力推动海洋经济的发展步伐,使我国逐步成为海运强国、船舶工业强国、海盐生产大国、海洋旅游大国和海洋油气资源开发大国,并最终成为海洋强国,为全面建设小康社会,促进中华民族的伟大…     

导航海洋经济

国务院近日发出通知,批准实施《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》。《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》为我国在本世纪前10年的海洋经济制定了预期发展目标,这必将进一步极大促进未来我国海洋经济继续保持     

《天津市海洋环境保护规划》批准实施

为更好地贯彻落实《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》及有关要求，日前，天津市人民政府批准实施了全国第一个省级海洋环境保护规划——《天津市海洋环境保护规划》。     

全面贯彻实施《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》 进一步推动海域管理工作

2003年5月9日,国务院正式发布了《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》(以下简称《纲要》)。这是我国制定的第一个指导全国海洋经济发展的宏伟蓝图和纲领性文件,是我国政府顺应国际海洋开发大势、贯彻落实十六大提出的“实施海洋开发”战略部署的重大举措。《纲要》确定了我国2010年之前海洋经济发展的战略目标、原则、产业布局及相关支持领域的发展方向和主要措施,对于我国加快海洋资源的开发利用,促进沿海地区经济合理布局和产业结构调整,促使海洋经济各产业形成国民经济新的增长点,进而保持国民经济持续健康快速发展,实现全面建设小康社会的奋斗…     

我国海洋科技现状

改革开放以来,我国的海洋科技事业得到了较快发展。近几年,我国成功地开展了数次大规模的海洋科学调查活动;完成了海洋环境数值预报、海洋信息自动查询系统、膜法水处理技术和海洋资料浮标技术等重大科技攻关项目;完成了海洋功能区划;制定了《全国海洋开发规划》,并在海洋石油钻探、海港工程、海水增养殖、深潜技术等领域取得了显著进展。据不完全统计,我国海洋科技战线获得省、部级和国家级     

海洋生态环境与资源保护执行情况评价

改善海洋生态环境和保护海洋资源是实现海洋可持续发展的基本前提.<全国海洋经济发展规划纲要>发布实施已有6年,为客观掌握国家及沿海地区对海洋生态环境与资源保护政策的落实情况,对海洋生态环境与资源保护的执行情况进行评价.     

国家发展改革委、国家海洋局联合发布《中国海洋经济发展报告2015》

正近日,由国家海洋局新闻发布会获悉,国家发展改革委、国家海洋局联合发布了《中国海洋经济发展报告2015》。这是我国政府首次发布白皮书性质的海洋经济发展报告,也是对《全国海洋经济发展"十二五"规划》实施情况开展评估的公开化和业务化。据悉,双方将在今后每个年度发布海洋经济发展报告,全面报告我国海洋经济发展的最新情况。     

唐山在全国率先制定出《海洋经济发展战略规则》

河北省唐山市近期制定完成了《唐山市海洋经济发展战略规则》，据悉，该项规则的实施将使唐山海洋经济更加有序地持续健康发展。这是自2003年5月国务院印发《全国海洋经济发展规划纲要》以来，我国第一个沿海城市出台的海洋规则。     

Model of the post-Cenozoic evolution of the cryolithozone of the shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea

The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level.     

Investigation of the mechanism of the long-term evolution of the carbon cycle in the ecosystem of the Sevastopol bay

We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.     

Contemporary state of the investigation of the influence of the discharge of rivers on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea

We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Modelling of the ecosystem of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube

We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Dynamics of the ice cover and peculiarities of the ice transportation of the sediments at the tidal flats of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea

Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m³ from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m³ on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Variability of the nutrient runoff of the rivers of the Arctic Basin

The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.     

Parameters of the sediments of the deep-water basin of the Black Sea

The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.     

Modelling of the ecosystem on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea

Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

Evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea

The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.