A spatial decision support system prototype for housing mobility program planning

This paper presents a GIS-based decision support system prototype intended for use by public housing authority (PHA) administrators and planners designing policy for housing mobility programs. Housing mobility programs enable low-income families, many of whom live in government-operated public housing, to move to more desirable private-market rentals via rent subsidies. Unfortunately, housing authority planners have limited ability to visualize alternative relocation schemes of cohorts of low-income families or the impacts associated with these relocation policies. Thus, they are often not able to give highest-quality advice to clients regarding places to search for private-market rental housing. Housing Location Planner assists PHA planners in three ways: it analyzes spatial, demographic and housing market characteristics of the study area, selects certain portions of the study area for input to an optimization model which generates alternative family allocations, and displays optimization model results in a way that links decision variable values and objective function values. Housing Location Planner is seen as a first step in the development of even more sophisticated multi-stakeholder spatial decision support systems for subsidized housing planning in which one or more alternative allocations of families across a study area is chosen as a basis for policy initiatives. Received: 8 September 1999/Accepted: 23 October 2000     

The development of spatial decision support system tool for marine spatial planning

A major problem associated with marine spatial planning (MSP) involves the difficult and time-consuming practice of creating a scenario that encompasses complex datasets in near real time via the use of a simple spatial analysis method. Moreover, decision-makers require a reliable, user-friendly system to quickly and accessibly acquire accurate spatial planning information. The development of national spatial data infrastructure (NSDI), which links the spatial data of a nation’s many diverse institutions, may pave the way for the development of a tool that can better utilize spatial datasets, such as a spatial decision support system (SDSS). Thus, this project aimed to develop an SDSS for MSP and to evaluate the feasibility of its integration within the NSDI framework. The seaweed culture was selected as an example due to its economic and technological acceptance by traditional fishers. Additionally, a multi-criteria analysis was used to develop the tool. Furthermore, a feasibility evaluation of its implementation within the NSDI framework was conducted based on the Delphi method. The results of the assessment indicated that the SDSS can be incorporated into the NSDI framework by addressing the policy issue – one map policy, updating custodians’ decree and data, and improve the standard and protocol.     

Spatial understanding and decision support system: A prototype for public GIS

The idea of public participation GIS involves the use of GIS tools to help laypcople understand the spatial consequences of proposed projects, evaluate alternatives, and create new solutions. The widening use of information networks creates opportunities for making GIS a widely accessible decision-making tool, bypassing the constraints of location and time. This paper presents a prototype software that enables group collaboration across space and time using the Internet infrastructure. The prototype, called Spatial Understanding and Decision Support System (SUDSS), was designed to facilitate a controlled experiment in collaborative group work aimed at solving a realistic land-use planning problem. The paper discusses design considerations for a distributed public GIS and presents the functionality of SUDSS using the example of group participation in developing a land-use zoning plan.     

GIS- and RS-based spatial decision support: structure of a spatial environmental information system (SEIS)

Abstract

The development of spatial decision support for environmental resource management, e.g. forest and agroecosystem management, biodiversity conservation, or hydrological planning, started in the 1980s and was the focus of many research groups in the 1990s. The combined availability of spatial data and communication, computing, positioning, geographic information system (GIS)- and remote sensing (RS)-technologies has been responsible for the implementation of complex SDSS since the late 1990s. The regional GIS-based modelling of environmental resources, and therefore ecosystems in general, requires setting-up an extensive geo and model database. Spatial data on topography, soil, climate, land use, hydrology, flora, fauna and anthropogenic activities have to be available. Therefore, GIS- and RS-technologies are of central importance for spatial data handling and analysis. In this context, the structure of spatial environmental information systems (SEIS) is introduced. In SEIS, the input data for environmental resource management are organised in at least seven sub-information systems: base geodata information system (BGDIS), climate information system (CIS), soil information system (SIS), land use information system (LUIS), hydrological information system (HIS), spatial/temporal biodiversity information system (STBIS), forest/agricultural management information system (FAMIS). The major tasks of a SEIS are to (i) provide environmental resource information on a regional level, (ii) analyse the impact of anthropogenic activities and (iii) simulate scenarios of different impacts.     

环境风险应急管理决策支持系统的设计与实现

针对典型煤化工产业聚集区(太原市晋源区)环境风险应急管理决策支持系统的建立,进行系统功能结构划分和详细设计,并利用ArcGIS Server二次开发,实现在Web环境下地物空间信息的完整表达,地理信息的定位查询,应急救援资源的分类查询和对风险源的实时监控,完成最短路径查询、最邻近设施选择、救援服务区确定等空间分析功能,形成完整的应急响应机制,为应急管理决策提供有力依据。     

城市应急保障辅助决策系统的实现

城市应急保障决策系统为提升救援部门对紧急事件反应能力、信息处理能力提供强大保障和决策评估支持。在实际应急行动中,基于GIS的应急系统不但可以为指挥人员提供城市基本地理信息、专题信息,还可以针对不同任务提供空间分析、决策分析模块,并很好实现信息图表、三维等多种形式的表达。文中就构建此系统的关键技术和分析模型的实现进行了论述,并开发了应用系统对此进行了验证。     

The framework of a geospatial semantic web-based spatial decision support system for Digital Earth

Abstract

While significant progress has been made to implement the Digital Earth vision, current implementation only makes it easy to integrate and share spatial data from distributed sources and has limited capabilities to integrate data and models for simulating social and physical processes. To achieve effectiveness of decision-making using Digital Earth for understanding the Earth and its systems, new infrastructures that provide capabilities of computational simulation are needed. This paper proposed a framework of geospatial semantic web-based interoperable spatial decision support systems (SDSSs) to expand capabilities of the currently implemented infrastructure of Digital Earth. Main technologies applied in the framework such as heterogeneous ontology integration, ontology-based catalog service, and web service composition were introduced. We proposed a partition-refinement algorithm for ontology matching and integration, and an algorithm for web service discovery and composition. The proposed interoperable SDSS enables decision-makers to reuse and integrate geospatial data and geoprocessing resources from heterogeneous sources across the Internet. Based on the proposed framework, a prototype to assist in protective boundary delimitation for Lunan Stone Forest conservation was implemented to demonstrate how ontology-based web services and the services-oriented architecture can contribute to the development of interoperable SDSSs in support of Digital Earth for decision-making.     

防汛会商决策支持系统实现方法

防汛会商属于风险决策和群决策,本文基于决策支持理论,结合我国防汛指挥的实际情况,详细分析论证了当今的信息技术特点和应用前景,阐述了信息领域的网络技术、地理信息系统技术、数据仓库技术和人工智能等在防汛会商决策支持系统中的实际应用。概述了防汛会商决策支持系统的总体结构和实现思路。     

Developing a web-based spatial decision support system for geothermal exploration at the Olkaria geothermal field

ABSTRACT

Geothermal exploration is a complex process that spans a number of disciplines. Before a decision is made to drill a geothermal well, there is need for an extensive exploration process to determine the most suitable location. The process of evaluating and analyzing data from individual scientific disciplines can be complex and tedious. Attempts have been made at solving this problem using GIS-based tools but the uptake of these tools is often hindered by the limited knowledge of GIS by decision makers. This paper presents an approach for solving the geothermal exploration question through a web-based spatial decision support system (SDSS) that incorporates the various geosciences through a multi-criteria spatial decision analysis model. The results reveal a decision-making gap that is to be filled using a novel, automated exploration SDSS. This approach hypothesizes an easier and faster decision-making process. The research focuses on Olkaria, an active geothermal area in Kenya, East Africa and highlights a pragmatic approach to identifying priority areas for drilling. It evaluates contributions made by many disciplines in identifying potential sites ideal for harnessing geothermal energy and the gaps that emerge in an effort to synergize the results from the different disciplines.     

An integrated environment for developing knowledge-based spatial decision support systems

Knowledge-based spatial decision support systems (KBSDSS) incorporate heuristic reasoning, and analytical and spatial modelling capabilities to support decision making in resource and environmental management. They are able to provide the assistance for both the structuring and formulation of the spatial problem, and the design and execution of a solution process by automatically integrating different types of models and data. This paper presents a KBSDSS development environment, which connects a GIS tool (ARC/INFO) with an expert system tool (CLIPS) and a hypertext diagramming tool (HARDY). ARC/INFO provides capabilities for spatial data handling. CLIPS is used to develop knowledge bases and heuristic reasoning. HARDY is used to represent spatial problems in terms of diagrams that can then be translated into a CLIPS knowledge base for evaluation. The development environment allows users to structure their problems and develop models for particular requirements and domains.     

Spatial decision support system for home-delivered services

 We present a spatial decision support system for the non-profit sector, designed to assist planning in the area of home-delivered services such as meals on wheels. Using data collected from existing programs, current and forecasted demographic data, and a set of algorithmic tools, we provide a system for evaluating current meals on wheels facilities, and for making incremental facility location decisions that satisfy coverage and equity requirements. Received: 27 September 2000 / Accepted: 22 March 2001     

面向游客旅游决策支持系统的设计与实现——以西安翠华山国家地质公园为例

本文对GIS与SDSS的集成在旅游业的应用进行了研究,采用原型法和面向对象相结合的系统设计方法对面向游客决策支持系统部分功能进行了设计和实现,对Dijkstra最短路径选择算法进行改进,并应用于该系统的动态规划模型。该系统在体现以游客为主体及动态指导方面实现效果良好,可为游客进行景区游览提供动态决策支持和科学指导。展现了GIS和SDSS在旅游业应用的广阔前景。     

A GIS-based decision support system for analysis of route choice in congested urban road networks

Urban congestion patterns have become ubiquitous and complex. Traditional, “static” approaches are no longer adequate for analyzing network flows and conducting minimum cost routing. This paper reports on a GIS-based decision support tool for modeling dynamic network congestion and conducting minimum cost routing. The system predicts network flows at a detailed level of temporal resolution, capturing dynamic congestion propagation effects. A Route Planner module solves for the combined departure time and minimum cost routing required for a trip to reach its destination by a given deadline. The GIS provides effective decision support through its database management capabilities, graphical user interfaces and cartographic visualization. This supports analyses of “what-if?” scenarios for strategic planning and tactical management subject to unplanned network disturbances. Received: 1 October 1999/Accepted: 21 September 2000     

4D data fusion technique in urban waterlog-draining decision support system

This paper studies urban waterlog-draining decision support system based on the 4D data fusion technique. 4D data includes DEM, DOQ, DLG and DRG. It supplies entire databases for waterlog forcast and analysis together with non-spatial fundamental database. Data composition and reasoning are two key steps of 4D data fusion. Finally, this paper gives a real case: Ezhou Waterlog-Draining Decision Support System (EWDSS), with two application models, i. e., DEM application model, water generating and draining model.     

4D data fusion technique in urban waterlog-draining decision support system

This paper studies urban waterlog-draining decision support system based on the 4D data fusion technique.4D data includes DEM,DOQ,DLG and DRG.It supplies entire databases for waterlog forecast and analysis together with non-spatial fundamental database.Data composition and reasoning are two key steps of 4D data fusion.Finally,this paper gives a real case: Ezhou Waterlog-Draining Decision Support System (EWDSS) with two application models,i.e.,DEM application model,water generating and draining model.     

Development of a spatial decision support system for monitoring earthquake-induced landslides based on aerial photographs and the finite element method

The evaluation of slope stability is essential for the management of landslide hazards. The integration of spatial information and geomechanical modeling facilitates the understanding and evaluation of landslide hazards. In this study, we use a spatial decision support system (SDSS)—incorporating aerial photographic data, GIS techniques, field investigations, and finite element geomechanical modeling—to analyze the mechanisms of the Hungtaiping landslide, which was induced by the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. The analysis clarifies the slide mechanisms that cannot be revealed either by examining aerial photographic or underground exploration data alone. The finite element modeling calibrated using digital aerial photographic data shows that the landslide results from the deformation and slides of the thick colluvium. Surficial displacements in the twenties of meters are attributed to the slide between the colluvium and the bedrock as well as the shear deformation and slides within the colluvium. The landslide SDSS can help determine model parameters, evaluate slide mechanisms and remediation measures, and predict slope behavior for a subsequent earthquake event.     

地震应急辅助决策支持系统的设计与实现

地震发生之后需要立即对地震灾情做出初步评估,评估结果将为政府快速部署救灾资源和救援力量提供辅助决策支撑。由于我国国土面积广阔、地形地貌复杂多样,不同省份不同地区的经济状况和人口分布差异较大,因此目前的地震应急辅助决策支撑系统具有一定的地域局限性,可扩充性和针对性差。针对这一状况,该文采用成熟的三层式C/S架构,通过ArcSDE管理空间数据库,实现地震灾害评估模型库和微软Office接口与GIS无缝集成。通过在2013年4月宁洱的两次地震中的应用,证明系统能够仅仅通过输入地震三要素即可快速响应、将评估结果直接以word报告形式产出、准确判定应急响应等级,为政府提供有效的辅助决策支撑。