柔性控制抗震建筑新体系

本文提出了一种柔性控制抗震建筑新体系。它是以作者研制的液体-质量振动控制系统(HMS)施加于建筑物的柔性层而构成的抗震建筑体系。这种受控抗震建筑可以显著地减小地震输入,增加结构的附加阻尼,有效地控制结构的地震反应。对五层铜框架模型的振动台试验和理论分析表明,HMS是一种非常有效的振动控制系统,这种控制抗震建筑体系具有广泛的应用前景。     

采用摩擦垫层及阻尼器对外套加层结构体系的减振研究

本文提出了一种耗能减震加层结构新体系,即利用旧有建筑顶层与加层结构之间的摩擦垫层井依靠在两结构各层连接点处增设的耗能阻尼器来吸收耗散能量的减振体系。在进行非线性动力分析过程中,首次建立了系统的结构模型,引入了一种新的库仑摩擦力表达式并对影响体系减振率的有关参数进行了研究。最后通过对一实际工程的设计和计算,验证了这种加层减振做法的有效性。     

非对称双塔连体结构柔性连接体系参数研究

基于非对称双塔连体结构柔性连接体系的3自由度（3-DOF）力学模型,利用虚拟激励法分析了连接构件的频率比、阻尼比和质量比等参数对该复杂结构体系地震反应的影响。根据不同的控制目标,得到了非对称双塔连体结构柔性连接体系支座优化设计参数变化规律和连接参数的优化组合,可用来指导此类结构的减震初步设计。最后以某实际工程为算例进行数值分析,验证了优化理论的正确性。     

采用磨擦垫层及阻尼器对外套加层结构体系的减振系统

本文提出了一种耗能减震加层结构新体系,即利用旧有建筑顶层与加层结构之间的摩擦垫层并依靠在两结构各层连接点处增设的耗能阻尼器来吸收耗散能量的减振体系,在进行非线性动力分析过程中,首次建立了系统的结构模型,引入了一种新的库仓摩察力表达式并对影响体减振率的有关参数进行了研究,最后通过对一实际工程的设计和计算,验证的这种加层减振做法的有效性。     

并联复合隔震体系的地震耗能机制和能量响应分析

运用能量分析法对并联复合隔震体系的地震耗能机制和能量响应进行了分析和探讨。首先,以层间剪切模型的多自由度运动微分方程为基础,建立了并联复合隔震体系的能量平衡方程。其次,引入状态空间法对并联复合隔震体系进行时程分析得到体系的地震响应,并以此为基础计算了各项能量。最后,以7质点多自由度体系为仿真对象,对并联复合隔震体系的耗能机制及其主要隔震层参数和不同特性地震动对能量响应的影响进行了分析。结果表明,并联复合隔震体系地震总输入能主要由滞回耗能和阻尼耗能承担;摩擦承压比和摩擦系数对能量响应有重要影响,存在最优取值区间;地震能量响应受地震动特性影响较大。     

云视频MCU架构在地震行业视频体系中的应用

针对传统视频和云视频在地震行业的发展现状,对全编全解、COP模式、SVC柔性编码等3种云视频MCU架构技术进行对比研究。采用SVC柔性编码云MCU架构建立地震行业云视频系统体系,从该体系整体架构、系统负载均衡机制和整个系统分布式部署模式等方面进行设计。最终实现对地震行业视频体系的整合,该体系在地震会商、日常会议研讨等视频场景中发挥了较重要的作用。     

筒中筒结构内部摩擦连接消能减震体系的研究

提出利用筒中筒结构内筒和外筒的相对运动带动耗能装置耗能的的筒中筒结构内部摩擦连接消能减震体系。该体系将结构的内筒和框筒用专门设计的摩擦连接装置连接,罕遇地震下摩擦连接装置滑移产生滞回耗能。文中阐明了该体系的消能减震原理和构造特点,并通过对一栋40层筒中筒结构进行有限元分析,验证了该体系具有良好的抗震性能,可供工程实践参考。     

土与结构动力相互作用体系振动台模型试验研究

设计并完成了土与结构动力相互作用体系的大型振动台模型试验，通过将同种加载条件下的刚性地基和柔性地基上结构地震反应进行对比，分析了SSI效应对一幢十层框架结构地震反应的影响。由试验结果可知：在SSI效应作用下，基底输入地震动的强度和频谱特性发生了显著的变化；由于SSI效应的作用，刚性地基和柔性地基上的结构地震反应存在较大差别，且在一定条件下，SSI效应对结构地震反应能起到减震作用。     

设有液压质量控制系统(HMS)的底层柔性结构动力特性及其地震反应的振型分解法

本文对设有液压质量控制系统(HMS)的底层柔性结构体系的动力特性进行了试验研究和分析,通过对试验结果的分析,证明了设有液压质量控制系统(HMS)的底层柔性结构控制体系近似存在经典振型,其阻尼阵满足正交性条件,所以,可用振型分解法计算受控结构的地震反应。     

梯队式变刚度滞变-摩擦隔震体系的抗震设计方法

首先,在简述已有隔震体系抗震设计方法的基础上,分析了滞变一摩擦隔震体系各种因素对基底剪力的影响;然后,通过大量仿真分析,采用多项式回归的方法提出了与规范衔接的水平地震作用的计算公式;最后,提出了梯队式变刚度滞变一摩擦隔震体系的抗震设计方法,并通过工程实例验证了方法的有效性。     

基础滑移隔震结构振动特性分析

通过对基础滑移隔震体系等代模型自振特性的分析，就多自由度剪切型隔震结构振动特性进行了较为全面的探讨，从而为滑移隔震结构的动力计算建立了合理的理论依据。     

Base isolation for retrofitting historic buildings: Evaluation of seismic performance through experimental investigation

An experimental test program on a full‐scale model representing a sub‐assemblage of the cloister facade of the Sao Vicente de Fora monastery, retrofitted through base isolation, has been recently carried out at the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment of the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. In this paper an overview of the laboratory model and the experimental results is provided. In particular, firstly the test model is described, including the geometry and mechanical properties of the masonry specimen and the design of the isolation devices; then the testing method and the sub‐structuring of the isolation system are described and the seismic inputs adopted for the pseudo‐dynamic tests are defined. Finally, the experimental results are discussed and compared to the analogous results obtained on the ‘as is’, fixed‐base sub‐assemblage model. The implications of the test outcomes are emphasized and developments of this research line are presented. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

软着陆保护橡胶支座隔震体系振动台试验研究与比较

本文对一基础隔震模型进行了软着陆保护振动台模拟地震动试验,展示了该隔震体系在发生水平向大变形条件下,在不同后备支座以及滑移面摩擦系数不同情况下,轴压力从承载支座向后备支座转移的情况。结果表明:软着陆隔震保护体系不仅保护了承载支座免遭大变形失稳破坏,同时还能提供摩擦阻尼,将隔震层位移和上部结构层间位移控制在允许范围内。文中对隔震层位移、上部结构最大层间位移及绝对加速度等进行了分析,所得理论曲线与试验拟合曲线吻合较好。具有很大的应用前景。     

Modelling aspects of structures isolated with the frictional pendulum system

Different modelling aspects of structures isolated using the frictional pendulum system and subjected to earthquake ground motions are studied herein. Although the vertical dynamics of these structures is given special emphasis, other effects such as large isolator deformations and bidirectional input motion are also considered. Different structural models of the FPS are developed and tested for single-storey structures and a real four-storey building frame; among them, an ‘exact’ formulation of the FPS force–deformation constitutive relationship is presented. Results show that global building responses can be computed within 20 per cent error in the mean using a simplified model that ignores the vertical motion of the building; however, structural member deformations and forces need to be computed using a model that considers such motion. This is of particular importance when there exist correlation between the horizontal and vertical components of ground motion. Further, a physical model of the FPS is introduced and used to determine the response of a real four-storey frame, including uplift and downward impact. Results from this analysis show that local column responses may vary substantially depending on the stiffness of the isolation storey and the presence of a mass at the isolation level. Such mass is capable of filtering the large increase in column shear that results from the impact of the structure after uplift. Uplift occurs at several instants of the response of the structure considered, leading to an increase in column base shear as large as 3 times the shear obtained by ignoring the vertical dynamics of the building. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基底隔震储罐频率特征与减震机理分析研究

研究不同高径比橡胶基底隔震储罐的频率特征,探讨储罐隔震体系3种不同振动频率随支座隔震频率变化规律.分析在不同频谱特性地震波激励下,隔震体系各振型组分对地震响应(基底剪力、支座位移和晃动波高)的影响,以及响应峰值随支座隔震频率和阻尼比的变化特点.研究表明,基底剪力峰值与场地地震波频谱特性密切相关.支座隔震频率不能完全反映减震机理的实质,隔震振型频率是影响基底剪力的重要参数.在软弱场地上隔震储罐的减震效率低,有效隔震频率范围窄.晃动波高峰值是储罐自振特性和地震波频谱特性等多种因素导致的结果,隔震系统设计时需特别考虑晃动波高增大的影响.     

Dynamic analysis on structures base-isolated by a ball system with restoring property

A computational model with its analysis method for base-isolated structures by a ball system with restoring property under seismic force is proposed in this paper, and the programs using numerical integration method and incremental harmonic balance method are developed. The analysis method is verified by shaking table test results of a three-storey masonry model. With these programs, the effect of some factors on the aseismic behaviour of base isolation system are analysed, and the comparison of seismic response between structures with and without base isolation is made. Results of both theory and test show that the above-mentioned base isolation system has apparent advantages over the traditional aseismic structures. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

变刚度钢管混凝土短柱隔震装置的性能研究

本文对变刚度钢管混土短柱震的滞回收性进行了理论分析和试验验证。对装置的隔震作用以及耗能特性进行了讨论通过低周反复荷载试验,证了分析的正确性。同时,试验还证明,变刚度钢管混凝土短柱震装置能很好的地耗散能量,从而减小地震反应,作者认为,该是一种价格性能比较优越的隔震装置,在工程实践中将有广阔的应用与推广前景。     

滚动FPS和MR阻尼器混合基础动力学模型及仿真

本文中作者将新型双磙子FPS系统的动力学方程推广到由滚动FPS和MR阻尼器组成的混合隔震基础系统,得到了更便于应用的水平分量形式的运动微分方程,并将与FPS有关的力和MR阻尼力处理成力源项,构造了可以方便地考虑不同上部结构形式的MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真模型。采用RD-1005型MR阻尼器和模糊逻辑控制器,在两个典型的地震输入情况下对混合系统进行了振动控制仿真。仿真结果表明,本文建立的混合隔震基础系统的动力学模型是正确和精确的,直接利用动力学模型进行前向计算可避免附加的模型误差且计算效率高,而仿真模型中将不同的力源由分开的块组成,使得仿真设计非常方便快捷。     

磁流变智能基础隔震系统研究

本文将磁流变(MR)阻尼器与普通橡胶隔震支座相结合,组成智能基础隔震系统应用到结构控制中。在详细介绍了系统的各部分与整体运行情况后,采用LQR经典线性最优控制算法对结构进行了振动台试验研究。试验结果表明,由MR阻尼器提供可调阻尼力的智能隔震控制系统,能有效克服被动隔震最优控制频带窄的缺点,对较宽频域范围地震激励能进行有效的振动控制。其相对一般被动隔震装置,能同时减小上部结构加速度和隔震层位移.     

Real‐time hybrid testing of a smart base isolation system

Real‐time hybrid testing is a very effective technique for evaluating the dynamic responses of rate‐dependent structural systems subjected to earthquake excitation. A smart base isolation system has been proposed by others using conventional low‐damping isolators and controllable damping devices such as magnetorheological (MR) dampers to achieve specified control target performance. In this paper, real‐time hybrid tests of a smart base isolation system are conducted. The simulation is for a base‐isolated two‐degrees‐of‐freedom building model where the superstructure and the low‐damping base isolator are numerically simulated, and the MR damper is physically tested. The target displacement obtained from the step‐by‐step integration of the numerical substructure is imposed on the MR damper, which is driven by three different control algorithms in real‐time. To compensate the actuator delay and improve the accuracy of the test, an adaptive phase‐lead compensator is implemented. The accuracy of each test is investigated by using the root mean square error and the tracking indicator. Experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid testing procedure using the proposed actuator compensation techniques is effective for investigating the control performance of the MR damper in a smart base isolation system. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.