油页岩中生物及有机质与金属元素富集的关系及机理探讨

松辽盆地白垩系油页岩中的Ｍｎ、Ｃａ、Ｂａ、Ｓｒ、Ｐ、Ｎａ、Ｚｎ、Ｔｈ等元素含量高于国际标样（ＳＤＯ－１）２￣１００倍，呈明显富集趋势。有机质（干酪根）中Ｚｎ、Ｂａ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ、Ｐｂ、Ｎｉ、Ｙ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｇ、Ｂ等元素含量高于其页岩平均含量１．５￣２００倍，说明有机质相是它们的“富集相”。油页岩物相分析显示，只有Ｚｎ和Ｂａ等少数元素是以有机质相为“载体相”（即有机相中所含元素的量占岩石中该元素总含量的５     

湘西北镍钼多金属矿床的元素组合及微量元素地球化学

湘西北镍钼多金属矿床富集了多种元素，形成一个以Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｐｄ、Ｐｔ、Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｂａ、Ｖ、Ｐ为主的特殊元素组合；微量元素Ａｓ、Ｓｅ、Ｂａ等成１０＾１￣１０＾３倍富集，它们的地球化学特征表明，这类矿床属海底喷气沉积矿床，这组特殊元素来源和富集，与海底喷流作用有关。     

作物产量与土壤环境的关系

作物的产量与土壤元素中Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｓ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｂ、Ｍｏ、Ｖ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｒ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ、Ｈｇ、Ｓｅ、Ｆ、ＴＩ、Ｂａ、Ｔｅ、Ｔａ、Ｓｒ、Ｔｉ、Ｓｉ等元素及稀土、有机质、酸碱度和含水量、含盐量密切有关。     

吉林省中,新生代黑色页岩（油页岩）中某些金属元素富集特征

吉林省中，新生代黑色页岩（油页岩）中Ａｇ，Ｕ，Ｃｏ，Ｎｉ等元素含量偏高，黑色页岩（油页岩）中古生物组合丰富，有机碳含量很高（＞２％）。研究了吉林省中、新生代黑色页岩（油页岩）中稀、贵金属元素富集特征，初步探讨了其富集机理，为吉林省中，新生代含金属的黑色页岩（油页岩）的综合利用提供参考。     

吉林省中、新生代黑色页岩（油页岩）中某些金属元素富集特征

吉林省中、新生代黑色页岩（油页岩）中Ａｇ、Ｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ等元素含量偏高；黑色页岩（油页岩）中古生物组合丰富，有机碳含量很高（＞２％）．研究了吉林省中、新生代黑色页岩（油页岩）中稀、贵金属元素富集特征，初步探讨了其富集机理，为吉林省中、新生代含金属的黑色页岩（油页岩）的综合利用提供参考。     

五台山—恒山绿岩带Au-Ag-Cu成矿作用地球化学特征

五台山—恒山绿岩带Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ｃｕ矿床可分为二大类型：（１）再生型金银铜矿，产在包括岩浆岩在内的各类岩石断裂构造中，与岩浆期后热液有关；（２）变生型金银铜矿，产于各类变质岩中，具有层控特征（即绿岩型金矿）。在地球化学特征上，再生型矿床与变生型矿床相比，矿体及围岩中Ｍｏ、Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ等成矿及伴生元素明显富集；Ｋ２Ｏ、Ｒｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｂａ、Ｔｈ、Ｕ也明显富集，是后期岩浆热液作用的结果；Ｈｇ、Ｆ的明显富集则与后期构造活动有关；Ｚｎ／Ｃｄ比值较低，说明受到后期岩浆侵入影响；Ｔｈ／Ｕ比值低，可能指示富钙的酸性岩环境。再生型Ａｕ矿化的元素组合为Ｃｄ、Ａｓ、Ｎｉ、Ａｇ、Ｓｂ、Ａｕ、Ｈｇ（Ｂｉ），再生型Ａｇ矿化的元素组合为Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ａｇ、Ｃｄ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ（Ｍｏ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｂｉ），变生型Ａｕ矿化的元素组合较简单，只为Ａｕ、Ｈｇ、Ａｓ或Ａｕ、Ｃｕ。上述地球化学特征不仅可以有效地区分矿化类型，而且可以作为地球化学找矿和评价的指标     

黄沙坪铅锌矿床银与金金属元素组合特征

本文分析了不同矿石中Ａｇ与Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｓ等元素的相关性，并根据银含量变化规律，银矿物组合特征，划分Ｐｂ（Ｚｎ）－Ａｇ－Ｓｎ－Ｓｂ和Ｃｕ（Ｍｏ）－Ａｇ－Ｔｅ－Ｂｉ两个不贩银的矿化组合。     

微波密闭消解—等离子体原子发射光谱测定石油化工催化剂中负载元素含量

微波密闭消解预处理等离子体原子发射光谱（ＩＣＰＡＥＳ）测定石油化工用催化剂中金属及类金属元素Ｎｉ、Ｂ、Ｐ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｚｎ、Ｗ及Ａｇ的含量,溶样速度快,易挥发性元素不损失。各元素的回收率在９０％～１１０％,相对标准偏差（ｎ＝７）≤１０％,实际样品测定的各元素数据与成熟的压力溶弹法相符,能较好地满足工艺要求。     

X射线荧光光谱法直接测定碳酸盐岩石中主次痕量元素

采用粉末样品压片制样，碳酸盐岩石标样及人工合成标样为标准，使用理论α系数及散射线内标法校正元素的吸收＿增强效应，用Ｘ射线光谱仪对碳酸盐岩石试样中的Ｎａ、Ｍｇ、Ａｌ、Ｓｉ、Ｐ、Ｓ、Ｃｌ、Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｓｃ、Ｔｉ、Ｖ、Ｃｒ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｇａ、Ｒｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｙ、Ｚｒ、Ｎｂ、Ｂａ、Ｐｂ、Ｌａ、Ｃｅ和Ｔｈ等３０种主次痕量元素进行测定，其分析结果与标样标准值（或化学法值）符合较好，方法的精密度（ＲＳＤ，ｎ＝１０）＜１０％（除含量在检出限附近的元素外），各元素检出限基本满足化探要求     

山西土壤元素背景值及其特征

作者在全省范围内布设土壤采点２５５个，利用近代分析测试手段，数理统计方法对６１种土壤元素进行了测试分析和数据处理，获得了６１种土壤元素背景值。与世界土壤相对比，山西土壤元素背景值除Ｍｇ高于世界土壤范围值，Ｉｎ低于世界土壤范围值外，其余元素的背景值均在世界土壤范围值之内。与中国土壤相比，在山西６１种土壤元素背景值中，Ｃｕ，Ｃｄ，Ｎｉ，Ｍｎ，Ｆ，Ｃａ，Ｍｇ，Ｓｒ等元素高于平均值；Ｐｂ，Ｚｎ，Ｈｇ，Ｃｏ，Ｖ，Ｓｅ，Ｒｂ，Ｂｅ，Ｓｎ，Ｍｏ，Ｂｒ等元素低于全国均值（ｔ检验结果达到显著水平）；其余元素与全国均值相比均无显著差异。山西土壤元素背景值的分布特征是由南向北、田东南向西北逐渐降低，其主要影响因素是土壤类型、土壤母质和土壤粒度。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861