基于MapX的多比例尺地图数据无缝显示

MapX是MapInfo公司推出的一个快速、易用的开发GIS系统的ActivX控件.多比例尺地图数据无缝显示是GIS系统的必备功能.在分析MapX在多比例尺地图显示方面的不足的基础上,提出一种基于MapX建立虚拟工作区的方法,用以对多比例尺地图数据进行管理和无缝显示,并给出了在VC 中的具体实现方法.     

基于ArcGIS Engine地图符号化效率的几点思考

地图数据符号化是地图可视化的重要手段,是GIS实现过程中计算机时间最长的工作之一.因此,快捷、实时实现GIS系统地图数据符号化是衡量和评价GIS系统性能的重要指标.本文从应用出发.介绍了地图数据符号化的基本过程,提出了提高地图数据符号化效率的若干方法,分析了符号化方法的特点,从而为相关应用系统的开发提供了有价值的技术经验,提高了系统的开发效率.     

基于出版的地图数据向GIS空间数据转换的方法探讨

从分析基于出版的地图数据和GIS空间数据的组织特征及针对GIS空间数据标准基于出版的地图数据所存在的不足出发,介绍在MapGIS,CorelDRAW,AutoCAD 3种软件环境下地图数据向以Arc/Info,MapInfo,ArcView为操作平台的GIS空间数据转换的一般步骤和技术方法.     

基于MAPGIS的地图数字化与地图接边

地图是GIS主要数据源,地图数字化是GIS数据输入的主要手段.分幅数字化常导致数据在接边处不匹配,地图接边是实现数字匹配的重要手段.文中详细阐述了MAPGIS地图数字化输入方法,通过MAPGIS图形变换功能,总结了9幅分幅数字化地图拼接过程,通过MAPGIS图幅接边功能介绍了交互式、全自动、半自动图幅接边操作及如何实现数字接边.     

交通图出版前的数据质量控制研究

数据质量控制一直以来都是地理信息系统(GIS)的一个关键环节,随着GIS在地图出版领域的应用,地图出版前的数据质量控制也成为了目前需要迫切解决的问题。本文研究了交通图编制的基本要求以及编制规范,通过GIS数据和交通图出图数据的比较,总结了在交通图出版前有可能存在的数据质量问题,并提出了相应的控制措施。     

基于地图的地理信息可视化现状与发展

地理信息可视化是在地理数据库驱动下,以地图形式表达地理信息的过程。地图可视化和GIS可视化是地学可视化研究的两个重要部分,地图可视化通常在制图系统中完成,脱离了地理数据库,不便于地图更新;GIS可视化又缺乏足够的地图制图工具。文中探讨了地理数据库驱动下的地图表达机制,融入了地图制图机制与GIS符号化,形成GIS数据管理、数据综合、符号化、图形综合一体化的地图表达模型。     

几种常用GIS软件之间的数据转换方法

随着GIS技术和计算机辅助地图制图技术的应用越来越广泛,GIS数据和电子地图数据的社会需求也呈爆炸性增长,各具特点的GIS和制图应用软件也如雨后春笋般涌现.应用软件系统的增多,带给了社会用户更大的选择性,同时,不同应用软件之间数据转换的问胚也随之出现.笔者就部分常用的国内外GIS和地图制图软件系统之间的数据转换作介绍.     

GIS数据在专题地图可视化表达中的应用

以GIS数据与地图表达的关系为线索,结合林业规划制图过程,分析了GIS数据与地图表达的冲突,提出通过数据选择系统、分析与制图一体化策略及地图表现层次分类系统的构建来实现GIS数据与地图表达的融合,提高专题地图制图质量。     

一种基于网络拓扑关系的地图匹配算法

地图匹配是车辆导航定位系统中提高定位精度的一种方法,其精度受定位数据、地图数据质量及坐标系转换关系的影响.在分析现有算法的基础上,提出了一种基于网络拓扑关系的地图匹配算法.该算法只需将GPS定位数据和GIS 数据相结合,即可用算法的形式解决地图匹配中一些常见的问题.实验证明:该算法是一种精度高、效率好、实用性强的地图匹配算法,具有较好的实用价值.     

GIS数据用于CorelDRAW地图制图方法的研究

探讨利用GIS数据在通用平面设计软件CorelDRAW中进行地图制图的方法,提出利用GIS数据在CorelDRAW环境下进行地图制图的技术路线,为CorelDRAW地图制图用户提供参考。     

基于组件对象模型的GIS——校园地理信息系统

将地理信息系统采用的核心技术归纳为地图分层、矢量抽象、空间数据与属性数据的划分三个方面,以此为基础,探讨了基于ActiveX技术的GIS平台。利用此类GIS平台,结合校园信息的特点,使用面向对象的方法,抽象出校园图、楼、楼层、房间等通用概念,基于视图与视图配置的模型,开发出校园地理信息系统软件。实践证明,采用这种技术能缩短地理信息系统软件的开发周期,提高软件的可扩展性。     

基于地理国情普查数据的空间规划底图智能编制处理系统研究与实现

2015年6月,全国已完成地理国情普查数据的采集、处理与底图制作等工作。本文基于地理国情普查数据,探讨利用普查数据成果完成空间规划底图的快速智能编制工作,基于研究成果完成空间规划底图智能编制处理系统的设计与开发,为空间规划底图编制的快速化、智能化需求提供一种新的解决思路。     

基于GIS图素的实现与应用

作为地理信息系统基石的地图数据库为地理信息系统提供了具有明确定义的空间基础数据，GIS是在空间基础数据之上对那些描述人们赖以生存的各种数据信息进行归纳、分类、收集、处理、存储和分析，进而实现辅助决策。本文介绍基于GIS的图素，也就是我们常说的线型以及符号在计算机集成系统中实现的方法和应用实例。     

广州市建设工程测绘自动化系统的设计与实现

结合广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院GIS基础空间数据生产实际,介绍了将工程测绘系统与掌上电脑测绘系统相结合完全实现建设工程测绘内外业自动化的全过程。以及按照GIS数据质量标准,实现GIS数据动态更新的系统设计。     

增强地图服务,做大地理信息板块

回顾了北京市测绘设计研究院二十多年地理信息产业的发展历史,分析了所面临的机遇与挑战,认为空间数据的可视化输出-地图生产是地理信息产业的主要任务之一。搞好这项工作应建立GIS数据库到地图数据库的双向通道;扩展地图数据库的地图制图和桌面出版功能;编制好系列基础底图和社会公众普遍需要的普通地图、政区图、地名图、交通旅游图,逐步实现编制导航地图,争取导航电子地图资质;做好用户需求调查,编制若干专题地图产品;开发影像地图、三维地图、实景地图等地理信息新品种;跟踪国家开展的各类普查或调查项目,编制高科技含量的地图集。     

Space-Time Intelligence Systems: Technology, applications and methods

Geographic Information System (GIS) software is constrained, to a greater or lesser extent, by a static world view that is not well-suited to the representation of time (Goodchild 2000). Space Time Intelligence System (STIS) software holds the promise of relaxing some of the technological constraints of spatial only GIS, making possible visualization approaches and analysis methods that are appropriate for temporally dynamic geospatial data. This special issue of the Journal of Geographical Systems describes some recent advances in STIS technology and methods, with an emphasis on applications in public health and spatial epidemiology.The STIS expert workshops were funded in part by grants R01CA092669 and R01CA096002 from the National Cancer Institute, and by grants R43-ES010220 and R44-ES010220 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Gillian AvRuskin provided cheerful editorial assistance. We thank the participants at the workshops for providing invaluable expertise and critical insights.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed:
Alan Brown and Wim Feringa, Colour Basics for GIS Users
National Research Council, Weaving a National Map: Review of the U.S. Geological Survey Concept of National Map
Boriana Delijska, Elsevier's Dictionary of Geographical Information Systems: In English, German, French and Russian
J. Mateu and F. Montes (eds), Spatial Statistics through Applications     

Identification of Artificial Recharge Sites for Noyyal River Basin Using GIS and Remote Sensing

The water is a nature’s valuable gift to all life forms. Water quality and quantity plays a major role for the growth and development of community. Both natural and human factors influence the quality and quantity of water source. Depending upon the quality and quantity of groundwater it can be used for various purposes, such as drinking, agricultural and industrial. Due to revolution in industries and various anthropogenic sources in the past decades, groundwater has been polluted and depleted. Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science, which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. GIS technology provides suitable alternatives for efficient management of large and complex databases. In recent years, the increasing use of satellite remote sensing data has made it easier to define the spatial distribution of different groundwater prospect classes on the basis of geomorphology and other associated parameters. Analysis of remotely sensed data along with Survey of India(SOI) topographical sheets and collateral information with necessary field checks helps in generating the base line information for artificial recharge. The artificial recharge sites were identified by integrating thematic maps of geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage density and lineament density of the study area. The study focuses on the development of remote sensing and GIS based analysis and methodology for identifying artificial recharge studies in Noyyal river basin.     

基于内插的一种门牌地址匹配方法的研究与实现

以天津市为例,基于全国第二次地名普查成果,结合道路门牌编码规则,提出了一种基于距离线性内插的门牌地址匹配方法,实现了大批量门牌地址文字信息的快速空间化,并成功应用于天津市地理国情普查项目。     

Soil erosion modeling using MMF model -A remote sensing and GIS perspective

Hardly any part of the world has remained unchanged since the arrival of the speciesHomo sapiens including the mountain ecosystems. Himalayan physiographic unit of India in due course has become populated and is tolerating all kinds of human interventions. Soil erosion in this region has been identified as a major problem due to both natural and anthropogenic factors. Remote sensing and Geographical Information system (GIS) techniques hold great promises in the assessment and conservation of natural resources including the surface soil. The major objective of the present study was to apply a process based model to quantify soil erosion and to prioritize the sub-watershed on this basis. The sub-watershed located at Jakhan rao area of Western Dun in lower Himalayan belt was taken as the test site for the study at 1: 50,000 scale. Deforestation, unscientific agricultural practices, terrace farming, cattle grazing and land degradation in the sub-watershed are some of the anthropogenic factors causing soil erosion in the area. Here, MMF model was used for estimation of soil erosion by incorporating layers derived from both remote sensing and ancillary data. IRS 1C LISS III satellite data was used for the preparation of land use map that was used to derive RD map, BD map and K map. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) provided slope map, an intermediate layer used in equation 6 to generate G map, and soil map provided MS map, BD map and K map. The above intermediate layers generated were then integrated in GIS domain to estimate the amount of soil erosion in the sub-watershed area. Results show high values 4572.333 kg/m² for G map, which depicted transport capacity of overland flow. Comparatively lower values 13.15, and 7.98 kg/m²were observed for F map, which depicted soil detachment by raindrop impact. The subtracted image of the aforesaid layers produced the real picture, where in the highest value 3.770 kg/m² was found in the midland region of the site. The crossed erosion map was then classified into different erosion classes for sub-watershed area. This study illustrates the applications of remote sensing and GIS techniques for soil erosion modeling.