彬长矿区煤层气储层参数及开发潜力

彬长矿区煤的变质程度低,矿井瓦斯涌出量大,瓦斯治理形势日趋严峻。根据矿区地质勘查、井下及煤层气井所获得的地质资料显示,煤层气开发的主要目标4煤层厚度大,分布稳定,煤体结构好,渗透率和气含量相对较高,气含量最高可达6.29m3/t,估算煤层气资源量为132.743×108m3。依据煤层气资源丰度划分,矿区煤层气富集区总面积为87.41km2,资源量为40.06×108m3,主要分布在大佛寺井田,相对富集区主要位于胡家河井田中南部和孟村井田东部,贫气区主要位于孟村井田西部、文家坡井田。综合分析认为研究区煤层气开发地质条件相对较好,属于可以抽采煤层,大佛寺井田为地面煤层气勘探开发最具潜力的地区。     

淮南矿区剩余煤层气资源可采潜力分析

在分析淮南矿区煤层气地质背景的基础上,采用含量梯度法、压力—吸附法计算了研究区可采煤层的剩余煤层气资源量,探讨了影响该区煤层气可采潜力的煤储层压力、渗透能力、吸附/解吸特征、含气饱和度、可采系数等因素。结果表明,淮南矿区-1 500m以浅剩余煤层气资源量为2 419.70×108m3,可采资源量为1 102.20×108m3,可采资源丰度为1.98×108m3/km2,属于中等储量丰度的大型气田;区内煤储层为正常压力储层,煤储层渗透率、含气饱和度偏低,但本区可采煤层层数多,在渗透率总体偏低的背景下,区内存在的高渗区,具备煤层气地面开采的基础地质条件。     

贵州金沙林华井田煤层气资源分布与评价

黔北煤田林华井田煤炭资源丰富,煤变质程度高,以无烟煤为主,煤层气含量高。通过井田煤田地质勘查成果及煤层含气量分析了主要可采煤层含气性分布及主控因素,并编制了主要可采煤层含气性分布等值线图,对煤层气资源量进行了估算。认为煤层埋藏深度和向斜构造是煤层气分布差异的主因,并获得主要可采煤层的煤层气资源总量为28.03×108m3,煤层气开发前景较好。     

湖南煤层气资源及其分布特征

为更好地开发利用湖南煤层资源,根据《新一轮全国油气资源评价》方案计算了湖南煤层气资源量、可采资源量和资源丰度,并探讨了其分布特征。经计算汇总,湖南煤层气地质资源量和可采资源量分别为780.80×108m3和325.94×108m3,煤层气资源丰度为0.30×108m3/km2。煤层气风化带~1 000m和1 000～1 500m的煤层气资源量分别为489.81×108m3和290.99×108m3。湖南煤层气资源主要分布在下石炭统测水组和上二叠统龙潭组中,分别为317.13×108m3和463.67×108m3,其中,下石炭统测水组煤层气资源主要分布在涟邵目标区的渣渡、金竹山、太平寺、冷水江等含煤向斜区域,上二叠统龙潭组煤层气资源主要分布在郴耒目标区的永耒、梅田、白沙、马田等含煤向斜区域。     

贵州水城矿区煤层气地质条件与可采潜力分析

水城矿区煤层气资源丰富,在分析矿区煤储层物性和含气性的基础上,估算了煤层气可采性参数,评价了煤层气的可采潜力。结果显示:水城矿区煤层顶、底板以及含煤地层上覆地层均为良好的区域性盖层,煤层气保存条件较好;矿区良好的煤岩、煤质特征和孔隙结构特征为煤层气的大量生成和富集奠定了基础;煤层气理论平均采收率为31.66%,可采资源量为1158×108m3,平均可采资源丰度0.98×108m3/km2,对煤层气开发较为有利;煤层的渗透性较低,可能对煤层气地面排采带来不利影响。建议矿区在煤层气地面开发工作中,注重煤储层渗透性的有效改善,并探讨矿井—地面开发结合的可行性。     

贵州六枝特区郎岱区块煤层气开发潜力评价

郎岱向斜上分布有黑拉嘎井田、归宗井田、郎岱井田、上纳井田、苦竹林井田,通过对各井田煤层的最新钻井、露头地质调查资料及样品分析结果进行研究,对煤层厚度、含气量、渗透性、煤体结构、吸附性、构造条件、水文条件、地应力等参数进行系统分析,采用体积法估算郎岱向斜煤层气资源量,初步评价煤层气可采性和资源潜力。结果表明:郎岱区块煤层气资源量较大、资源丰度较高,含气量较高、煤层渗透较高,地应力低,但由于各煤层的煤体主要为糜棱煤,对地面煤层气开发增加了难度。     

平顶山煤田煤储层物性特征与煤层气有利区预测

通过对平顶山煤田采集煤样的煤质、煤岩显微组分、煤相、煤岩显微裂隙分析, 低温氮比表面及孔隙结构和压汞孔隙结构测试, 研究了该区的煤层气赋存地质条件、煤层气生气地质条件和煤储层物性特征.并采用基于GIS的多层次模糊数学评价方法计算了该区的煤层气资源量, 预测了煤层气资源分布的有利区.研究结果表明, 该区煤层气总资源量为786.8×108m3, 煤层气资源丰度平均为1.05×108m3/km2, 具有很好的煤层气资源开发潜力.其中, 位于煤田中部的八矿深部预测区和十矿深部预测区周边地区, 煤层累计有效厚度大, 煤层气资源丰度高, 煤层埋深适中, 同时由于该受挤压构造应力影响, 煤储层孔裂隙系统发育、渗透性高, 是该区煤层气勘探、开发的最有利目标区.      

盘县马依东二井田煤层气赋存特征与开发利用前景

根据煤田地质勘查和煤层气参数井资料,对六盘水煤田盘南背斜南东翼马依东二井田煤层气赋存的地质条件和煤层气储层特征进行了分析,认为井田内煤层气含量与煤层厚度、煤层埋深、煤层割理发育程度、围岩气密性呈正相关,在压扭断裂和走向转折部位煤层气易于富集、储存,含气量高;张性断裂部位煤层气易溢出扩放,含气量偏低。初步预测井田内煤层气总资源量166.2亿m3,煤层埋藏深度在700m以浅,有利于煤层气的开发。     

海石湾矿区煤层气富集高产主控地质因素

甘肃省煤层气产业起步相对较晚,开展重点矿区煤层气富集和高产等主控基础地质理论研究对于推动甘肃煤层气产业发展意义重大。为此,以民和盆地海石湾矿区为研究对象,基于矿井地质、煤层气参数井资料,采用数理统计、地质类比、测试化验等方法,分析了海石湾矿区的煤层气地质赋存特征、资源条件及富集高产主控地质因素。研究表明：该区主要发育五层煤层(煤三、煤二、煤B3、煤B2、煤B1)和一层油页岩(油A层),其中煤二层全区发育,分布稳定且厚度大,为0～59.28m,平均19.61m;埋藏深度适中,为506.72～1 013.14m,平均685m;含气性条件好,含气量较高,平均7.89m³/t,甲烷平均占比达到37.29%;资源量大,资源丰度高,达到2.24×10⁸m³/km²;顶底板均为低透气性泥岩或细粒砂岩,封闭性好,且区内断层不发育(7.59条/km²),规模较小(落差一般小于5m,不切穿煤层和顶底板),而由于井田东部边界靠近F₁₉断裂,促进了CO₂向煤...     

昭通褐煤盆地煤层气富集规律及主控地质因素

随着美国粉河盆地煤层气商业开发的成功,褐煤盆地煤层气资源受到广泛关注。我国昭通褐煤盆地蕴藏着丰富的煤层气资源,开发潜力巨大。在分析煤层气分布规律的基础上,厘定了煤层气富集的主控地质因素,对煤层气资源开发潜力进行了评价。研究表明:昭通盆地褐煤演化程度低,煤层生气量少,且大量孔裂隙被水充填,煤层含气量低,预测埋深150 m煤层气含量为1.45 m3/t,埋深500 m煤层气含量为2.00 m3/t。研究区煤层气富集的主控地质因素包括煤层厚度、煤层埋藏深度、构造地质特征、煤层顶板岩性及封闭条件等。由于褐煤煤化程度低,煤层生气量少,加之盆地内煤层埋藏深度不大,易遭受氧化,致使煤层含气量较低,但盆地内煤层厚,赋存的煤炭资源量大,单位面积内煤层气资源丰度高,为煤层气富集提供了良好的内部条件;同时盆地沉积后期构造相对稳定,煤层顶板为粘土及砂质粘土,封闭条件较好,有利于煤层气的保存。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861