青海省洪水河铁多金属矿地质特征及成因初探

洪水河铁多金属矿区位于东昆中多旋回岩浆弧带中,北接祁漫塔格-都兰新元古代—中古生代缝合带,南邻东昆中新元古代—早古生代缝合带。成矿带属伯喀里克-香日德印支期金、铅、锌(铜、稀有、稀土)成矿带(Ⅲ12)。通过分析研究认为,洪水河铁多金属矿床的Ⅰ号矿化带沿白云石大理岩与钙质片岩的接触带产出、Ⅱ号矿化带沿矽卡岩与钙质片岩的接触带部位产出、Ⅲ号矿化带沿矽卡岩接触界线产出,其成矿地质背景和矿床地质特征表明;该矿床成因类型属于矽卡岩型与热液蚀变叠加型。     

安徽滁(州)—巢(湖)断褶带铜、金、铁矿成矿地质特征

文章在总结滁(州)—巢(湖)断褶带铜、金、铁矿勘查成果的基础上,分析了区内成矿地质条件和控矿因素,指出滁县铜矿、全椒马厂铜金矿以及巢湖苏家湾铜、金、铁矿等,均处于以燕山期闪长玢岩矽卡岩型铜、金、铁矿化为主的同一成矿带,即滁(州)—巢(湖)断褶带,并提出进一步加强该带成矿地质特征研究和地质勘查工作的建议。     

新疆巴里坤县八墙子一带金铜成矿规律分析及找矿方向

通过对新疆巴里坤县八墙子一带金、铜等元素在各个地层单元、侵入岩及构造中的分布特征研究,结合区内已发现的金、铜矿床、矿(化)点及异常的分布特征,总结出调查区金、铜矿成矿规律和找矿方向。其主要找矿标志有:各种矿化露头,与岩浆作用有关的次生石英岩,酸性脉岩,岩浆岩与地层的接触带,断裂带附近的构造破碎带,各种地球化学异常密集区。     

西天山哈尔嘎嘎林恩铜金矿床地质特征及综合找矿模型

哈尔嘎嘎林恩铜金矿床位于西天山阿吾拉勒铁-铜-金多金属成矿带东段,矿区下石炭统艾肯达坂组地层大面积出露,海西晚期闪长岩类分布广泛,NNW向及NW向断裂构造发育。目前已发现的6个铜及铜金矿体均产于艾肯达坂组火山碎屑岩中,主要矿石矿物为黄铜矿、斑铜矿及辉钼矿。钾化、黄铁绢英岩化、青磐岩化等蚀变发育,具斑岩型矿床围岩蚀变典型分带特征。1∶1 000地质-化探剖面测量结果表明,Cu、Au、Mo、Ag等元素含量变化趋势一致且与矿(化)体及钾化蚀变吻合较好;瞬变电磁及磁法测量结果均指示Ⅱ、Ⅲ号矿体SE端深部可能存在隐伏岩体。根据矿床地质、地球化学和地球物理特征,构建了综合找矿模型,并对区内下一步找矿方向进行了预测,认为区内寻找斑岩型多金属矿床的潜力巨大,勘探重点为瞬变电磁高阻异常、正磁异常及化探组合异常叠加区域3 000m标高以下地段。      

武家沟铜(金)矿成矿预测及远景分析

武家沟一带成矿地质条件优越,附近已探明不少铜金矿床,但矿床系列中尚缺少受剪切构造带控制的层状矽卡岩型铜(金)矿床类型.使用地球化学、地球物理方法,预测和勘查半隐伏-隐伏铜(金)矿床,是今后地质找矿的必由之路.武家沟矿区出露地层为太古界涑水群和元古界中条群,主要由一套片麻岩、花岗岩和大理岩组成;由3条近EW向韧性剪切带和一组近SN向压(扭)向断裂组成的扭动剪切构造体系,控制了区内岩浆岩的就位和热液矿产的分布;武家沟闪长(斑)岩体呈长条状,NE向展布,倾向SE.铜金矿化体赋存于余元下组不纯大理岩中,属Ⅲ号剪切带控制,呈NE向展布,与多金属矿化矽卡岩带展布方向基本一致.铜(金)矿化体呈浸染状、细脉状、细脉-浸染状等分布于矽卡岩中或其内侧.激电异常规模大,强度高,梯度清晰,中心明显,覆盖了整个金属矿化矽卡岩带,激电测深证明激发极化体总体向西南侧伏,与地质测量结果相一致.地球化学异常亦是东北段出现强大Cu异常,而西南段仅出现矿上元素异常,与地质物探成果完全吻合.可以有根据的预测,武家沟是一个具有相当规模的隐伏铜(金)矿床.     

西藏双湖地区塔吉冈铜多金属矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

塔吉冈铜多金属矿床位于班公湖-怒江成矿带北部,为近几年来该成矿带找矿新突破。文章对该矿床区域成矿背景、矿区地质、矿体地质特征以及成矿主控因素进行分析研究,认为铜矿体产出于似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩(γ_5~3)与上侏罗统沙木罗组(J_3s)大理岩接触矽卡岩中,初步认为矿床成因为与燕山期花岗岩有关的矽卡岩型矿床。同时文章对塔吉冈铜多金属矿找矿标志进行总结,以期指导下一步找矿工作。     

藏东江达县丁钦弄银铜多金属矿床深部找矿预测

西藏丁钦弄银铜多金属矿床是近年来在藏东地区发现的具大型远景的接触交代（矽卡岩）型银铜多金属矿床,该矿床位于羌塘三江成矿区之江达德钦成矿带北段。成矿作用包括陆内裂谷期的矽卡岩化成矿作用及陆内造山期构造—岩浆—热液对先成矿体的叠加改造及独立成矿作用。基于对矽卡岩矿床分带模式结合矿区实际情况的分析辅以地球物理证据,预测Ⅰ2 号矿体及Ⅱ号矿体的深部找矿前景较好。两矿体含矿岩石均为锰质矽卡岩,处于侵入体与围岩的外接触带,且视电阻率、视极化率异常均显示深部存在隐伏矿体。     

栖霞—福山多金属成矿带地质特征及其成矿作用

栖霞高家香夼福山邢家山一带矿产资源十分丰富,矿床（点）和矿种繁多,尤以多金属成矿作用最为突出,是胶东地区重要的金、铜、钼等多金属成矿区,有着十分良好的找矿前景。成矿带内矿床均分布于臧家庄盆地周缘断裂附近,大多赋存于中生代酸性侵入岩和粉子山群、蓬莱群变质地层中的碳酸盐岩接触带处,矿体受地层、构造及岩体三者联合控制。成矿作用受NE向断裂影响较大,除矽卡岩化外硅化、铅锌矿化、铜矿化、黄铁矿化、银矿化和钨钼矿化也较为发育。     

金山顶矽卡岩型铜金矿地质特征及找矿设想

梧州市金山顶金矿床产于大瑶山金多金属成矿带的东南部。矿床工业类型有矽卡岩型铜金矿、石英脉型金矿、破碎带蚀变岩型金矿等3种。文章介绍了矽卡岩型铜金矿的地质特征,并进行找矿潜力探讨,认为矽卡岩型铜金矿蕴含较好的找矿前景,进而提出找矿设想。     

浅析山西省灵丘县小彦—枪头岭金多金属矿成矿规律

灵丘县小彦-枪头岭金多金属矿位于山西省灵丘县北东部,矿区处于华北地台北缘中段燕山台褶带西端燕山期金、银、铜、铅、锌成矿带,矿体赋存于小彦火山机构中的次火山岩与围岩接触带、构造破碎带、裂隙及岩体内部。受控于控制火山岩筒的环形断裂、放射状断裂及接触带,为矽卡岩型及次火山热液型。     

临沂市与江苏省四市保障用地做法对比分析

临沂市毗邻江苏省,前者是革命老区,经济欠发达城市,后者则是全国经济发展速度最快的省份之一.经济发展形势的差异使得二者在保障用地的措施做法上产生了差别.文章以江苏省徐州市、宿迁市、南通市和扬州市为例,重点分析了经济发展较快地区化解用地矛盾的做法,并与临沂市作了比较,借以提出了可供经济欠发达地区借鉴的保障发展用地的措施建议.     

北部湾海域秋、冬季甲壳类的种类组成及分布

根据 2 0 0 1年 11至 2 0 0 2年 1月间北部湾海域秋、冬季 2个航次的底拖网渔业资源调查资料 ,对北部湾海域甲壳类的种类组成及分布进行研究。本次调查共渔获虾类 2 4种 ,隶属于 6科 11属 ;蟹类 30种 ,隶属 9科 19属 ;虾蛄 9种 ,隶属 2科 6属。各种类沿水深和地理分布有明显变化 ,主要集中分布于湾中部水深 2 1～ 80m海域。     

Mollisols properties and changes in Ukraine and China

Soils are the foundation of civilizations and the basis for human food production.Mollisols in Ukraine and Northeast China are two out of the four major Mollisol regions in the world.The natural areas from which Mollisols developed are the prairies and steppes that experience temperate and freezing conditions.This review paper introduces the general climate,vegetation,and topography of Mollisols regions in Ukraine and Northeast China,analyzes their properties,including soil texture,soil organic matter content,soil bulk density,pH,cation exchange capacity and other chemical properties,and compares the property changes and management practices of Mollisols in relation to sustainable grain production.     

Turbulence and Fossil Turbulence in Oceans and Lakes

Turbulence is defined as an eddy-like state of fluid motion where the inertial-vortex forces of the eddies are larger than any of the other forces that tend to damp the eddies out. Energy cascades of irrotational flows from large scales to small are non-turbulent, even if they supply energy to turbulence. Turbulent flows are rotational and cascade from small scales to large, with feedback. Viscous forces limit the smallest turbulent eddy size to the Kolmogorov scale. In stratified fluids, buoyancy forces limit large vertical overturns to the Ozmidov scale and convert the largest turbulent eddies into a unique class of saturated, non-propagating, internal waves, termed fossil-vorticity-turbulence. These waves have the same energy but different properties and spectral forms than the original turbulence patch. The Gibson (1980, 1986) theory of fossil turbulence applies universal similarity theories of turbulence and turbulent mixing to the vertical evolution of an isolated patch of turbulence in a stratified fluid as its growth is constrained and fossilized by buoyancy forces. Quantitative hydrodynamic-phase-diagrams (HPDs) from the theory are used to classify microstructure patches according to their hydrodynamic states. When analyzed in HPD space, previously published oceanic datasets showed their dominant microstructure patches are fossilized at large scales in all layers. Laboratory and field measurements suggested phytoplankton species with different swimming abilities adjust their growth strategies by pattern recognition of tur-bulence-fossil-turbulence dissipation and persistence times that predict survival-relevant surface layer sea changes. New data collected near a Honolulu waste-water outfall showed the small-to-large evolution of oceanic turbulence microstructure from active to fossil states, and revealed the ability of fossil-density-turbulence patches to absorb, and vertically radiate, internal wave energy, information, and enhanced turbulent-mixing-rates toward the sea surface so that the submerged waste-field could be detected from a space satellite (Bondur and Filatov, 2003).     

Symbiosis of marshes and permafrost in Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains in northeastern China

Recently, the degradation of permafrost and marsh environments in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains has become a great concern as more human activities and pronounced climate warming were observed during the past 30 years and projected for the near future. The distr/bution patterns and development mechanisms of the permafrost and marshes have been examined both in theories and in field observations, in order to better understand the symbiosis of permafrost and marshes. The permafrost and marshes in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains display discernible zonations in latitude and elevation. The marsh vegetation canopy, litter and peat soil have good thermal insulation properties for the underlying permafrost, resulting in a thermal offset of 3 ℃ to 4℃ and subsequently suppressing soil temperature. In addition, the much higher thermal conductivity of frozen and ice-rich peat in the active layer is conducive to the development or in favor of the protection of permafrost due to the semi-conductor properties of the soils overlying the permafrost. On the other hand, because permafrost is almost impervious, the osmosis of water in marsh soils can be effectively reduced, timely providing water supplies for helophytes growth or germination in spring. In the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains, the permafrost degradation has been accelerating due to the marked climate warming, ever increasing human activities, and the resultant eco-environmental changes. Since the permafrost and marsh environments are symbiotic and interdependent, they need to be managed or protected in a well-coordinated and integrated way.     

郯城县城镇变更地籍调查研究

城镇地籍调查是国土资源管理的一项重要的基础性工作,是城镇土地登记的法定程序,主要内容包括土地权属调查和地籍测量。该文分析探讨了土地权属调查政策、调查程序以及地籍测量技术的创新及应用,对城镇地籍初始和变更地籍调查具有一定的指导和借鉴作用。     

Distribution of Aluminum and Fluoride in Tea Plant and Soil of Tea Garden in Central and Southwest China

The distribution of Al and F contents and the relationship between Al and F in tea plants and soils of 12 tea gardens in Central and Southwest China were investigated from October 31 to November 14, 2006. The results show that there were differences in pH, CEC, the contents of organic matter (OM), Al and F in the different soils of the tea gardens. The Al content ranged from 1196 to 7976mg/kg for old leaf, 370 to 2681mg/kg for young leaf and 285 to 525mg/kg for stem, whereas the content of F ranged from 221 to 1504mg/kg for old leaf, 49 to 602mg/kg for young leaf and 13.5 to 77.5mg/kg for stem. The concentrations of labile Al varied obviously in the different soils, but the distribution law of labile Al content for the same garden was Alexchangeable≈AlFe-Mn oxide>Alorganic>Alwater-soluble. The contents of different labile F fractions varied slightly in the different soils and the different soil layers, though the exchangeable F content was lowest among the labile F in the soils. The concentrations of Al and F in tea plants increased with increasing amount of water-soluble Al or F, especially the amount of water-soluble fractions in the soil layer of 0-20cm.The correlation between Al content and F content in the tea leaf was more significant than that in the tea stem. Furthermore, the correlation between Al content and F content in whole tea plant was strongly significant (r=0.8763, p<0.01, n=36). There were evident tendency that Al concentration increased with the increase of F concentration in different soil layers. The correlation of water-soluble Al with water-soluble F in all soils was also strongly significant (r=0.7029, p<0.01, n=34). The results may provide a proof that Al and F are jointly taken up by tea plants to some extent in natural tea gardens.     

章丘地区土壤硒的含量分布及影响因素

以章丘地区土壤为对象,系统分析了表层、深层土壤及8条剖面土壤中Se元素的含量水平,研究了土壤中Se的分布特征及其与土壤类型、成土母质、地形地貌和土壤理化性质及组分的关系。结果表明：章丘地区表层土壤中Se含量在0.1～0.8mg/kg之间,以中硒土壤为主,富硒土壤面积173km2。土壤类型中,水稻土Se平均含量水平最高,为0.55mg/kg;成土母质中以石炭—二叠纪泥页岩发育的土壤Se含量最高;剖面土壤中的Se主要在表层富集。影响章丘地区土壤Se含量分布的主要因素是成土母质、地形地貌、土壤pH、有机质及土壤中硫、铁铝氧化物等组分。     

贫困地区耕地的地形和土壤肥力特征分析与质量评价

本文利用全国1∶100万土地利用数据和1∶400万土壤肥力综合质量数据,从耕地的地形特征和土壤肥力两个角度,对贫困地区和非贫困地区的耕地自然质量进行比较研究。研究表明:贫困地区平原型、丘陵型耕地比重较低、山地型和陡坡型耕地比重较高;贫困地区耕地土壤肥力的平均水平和非贫困地区差别不大,但土壤肥力好和较好的耕地所占比重较小。本文还建立了包括地形特征和土壤肥力综合质量两个因素的耕地自然质量评价指数,从县域尺度对全国耕地自然质量进行定量评价,并发现贫困地区耕地自然质量评价指数在低值区集中的特征更为显著。     

鲁中南地区古近纪含石膏盆地地质特征及矿石质量的差异

山东省石膏矿产出层位较多,目前,开发利用的石膏矿均为发育在鲁中南隆起区(鲁西山地丘陵区)的古近纪含膏盆地内,即汶口-汶东含膏盆地、泗水含膏盆地、平邑含膏盆地及底阁含膏盆地内,含膏盆地内矿体主要赋存于古近纪官庄群大汶口组中段及卞桥组等含膏岩系内,各含膏盆地因分布形态原始地貌及沉积旋回中各种因素的影响,矿石质量出现明显差异,由此推断出石膏矿石质量与盆地的分布特征及地质特征具有密切联系。根据含膏盆地特征可以预测含矿层的矿石质量,以指导勘查工作布署的合理实施。