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为探讨广安市铜锣山背斜三叠纪岩溶热储特征、地热水水化学与同位素组成、热储温度及地热水循环机理,采用地热钻探、水化学与同位素取样测试、热水溶质组分图解分析等手段和方法,开展了地热水成因的研究工作。结果表明:研究区三叠纪碳酸盐岩热储结构相对完整,热储盖层、热储层和热储下部隔水层形成独立的地热水文地质单元。岩溶地热水水化学类型主要为SO4-Ca·Mg和SO4-Ca型,富含F、Sr、Li、B和SiO2物质,其水源补给为大气降水,补给区位于铜锣山以北的大巴山一带,深部地热水补给高程大于1 100 m,补给区年均温度为9 ℃。热储温度为56~76 ℃,热水循环深度为2 013~3 030 m。地热水在循环过程中,主要发生碳酸盐岩和蒸发岩溶解、冷热水混合过程,且冷水混入比例大于80%。结合区域地热地质条件,构建了研究区地热水成因概念模型。 相似文献
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高照山 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(2)
凌源—建昌一带是辽宁西部主要干旱少雨地区,研究这一地区基岩地下水的分布规律,具有重大经济意义。本文从综合分析辽宁西部水文地质调查资科入手,对该地区基岩地下水类型及岩石富水性和褶皱束、盆地、断裂及不整合接触带富水性以及该地区补给径流排泄条件等问题进行了讨论。特别是深入分析了碎屑岩类裂隙孔隙水、碳酸盐类岩石裂隙岩溶水、带状裂隙水、层状裂隙水的赋存特点。 相似文献
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近十多年来,服务脱贫攻坚的基岩山区找水打井工作充分运用并丰富了蓄水构造理论,但缺乏对其类型的统一划分和属性的深入分析。以蓄水构造为理论指导,考虑地貌汇水、岩性赋水、构造控水等控制因素,以构造为主控因素,综合地形地貌、地层岩性和植被发育及开发利用实际价值等因素,系统总结划分出缺水基岩山区水平岩层、单斜、褶皱、断裂、接触、风化壳、复合、洞藏等8类20型35式蓄水构造,并借鉴、结合新构造控水理论和地下水系统理论分析总结不同尺度、不同类型蓄水构造的共性特征,从蓄水构造空间组合特征、边界水文地质性质、水动力条件、尺度效应、控水共生特征、开发利用实际价值等方面,提出了岩性与地质构造的相关性、透水与隔水的相对性、汇水与蓄水的平衡性、尺度与系统的统一性、形成与改造的继承性和规模与目的的匹配性等蓄水构造属性。研究成果细化完善了缺水基岩山区地下水蓄水构造类型划分,总结提炼了蓄水构造属性特征,深化了对蓄水构造概念内涵的理解与认识。既进一步推动了基岩山区水文地质学的研究,也可为缺水区找水定井提供参考,并指导缺水区水资源可持续利用。 相似文献
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汤泉位于河北省遵化市西北部,为山前丘陵地貌,地热资源丰富。本文对汤泉地热田内分布的诸多基岩热水井进行了钻孔测温,利用测温结果对该地热田地温场分布特征及控制因素进行了研究。研究发现:钻孔温度明显受地下水流的影响,绝大部分测温井表现为对流传热特征,个别表现为传导为主的传热特征;地温异常区域位于汤泉福泉宫和疗养院一带,异常中心呈两极分布,地热异常中心50 m埋深水温为51~54℃,100 m埋深水温可达60~67℃;该地热系统中地热水系地下水在深循环过程中,在正常的大地热流背景下被围岩逐渐加热所致;由花岗岩隔水底板构造形态所形成的隐伏盆地,构成了福泉宫至疗养院一带的蓄水构造;由于断裂构造切割花岗岩体,造成深部的热流沿断裂上升,混合并加热赋存于福泉宫至疗养院一带蓄水构造中的片麻岩裂隙水,形成该地段的地热异常现象;福泉宫地区和疗养院地区片麻岩含水层裂隙发育,使得深部热量能够快速到达浅部地层,并在浅部出现局部异常高温;汤泉地热田片麻岩热储层地热流体属于含岩盐地层溶滤的陆相沉积水,主要来源于大气降水。 相似文献
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Gyoo-Bum Kim 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(6):2059-2072
Though the geologic barrier surrounding a dam reservoir plays an important role in preventing water seepage to the outside of a reservoir, a detailed survey to assess bedrock conditions of the whole reservoir boundary is seldom performed when designing a dam. In this study, a variety of investigations and analyses have been conducted to reveal a seepage phenomenon through a reservoir boundary composed of highly fractured metamorphic rocks at the Daechung multipurpose dam. At the study site, groundwater levels at monitoring wells located close to a reservoir tend to change proportionally to reservoir water levels, usually with a rapid response time of 1 day or less. Soil moisture content also changes with respect to the reservoir water level, and the area where seepage from the reservoir is a possibility has a relatively high soil moisture content. The similarity of measured seepage rates at the outflow site and the seepage rate estimated by Darcy’s law suggests strong connectivity and high density of the fractures. The estimated seepage rate using a numerical model for the northernmost valley (Zone 1) is approximately 127.2 m3/day in the case of high reservoir water level and 24.3 m3/day in the case of low water level. Continuous monitoring to obtain time series data for water levels, quality, and bedrock displacement is recommended to assess the sustainable stability of this geologic barrier. 相似文献
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Ice, moraine, and landslide dams in mountainous terrain 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
We review recent work on ice, moraine, and landslide dams in mountainous terrain, thus complementing several comprehensive summaries on glacier dams in intracontinental and Arctic areas of low relief. We discuss the roles of tectonic and climatic forcing on ice-, moraine-, and landslide-dam formation and sudden drainage, and focus on similarities and differences between their geomorphic impacts on confined valleys drained by steep bedrock and gravel-bed rivers.Despite numerous reported failures of natural dams in mountain belts throughout the world, their relevance to long-term dynamics of mountain rivers remains poorly quantified. All types of dams exert local base-level controls, thus trapping incoming sediment and inhibiting fluvial bedrock incision. Pervasive geomorphic and sedimentary evidence of outburst events is preserved even in areas of high erosion rates, suggesting that sudden dam failures are characterized by processes of catastrophic valley-floor aggradation, active-channel widening, and downstream dispersion of sediment, during which little bedrock erosion seems to be achieved.We find that, in the absence of direct evidence of former dams, a number of similarities among the geomorphic and sedimentologic characteristics of catastrophic outburst flows may give rise to ambiguous inferences on the dam-forming process. This is especially the case for tectonically active mountain belts where there is ample and comparable potential for the formation and failure of ice, moraine, landslide, and polygenetic dams concomitant with climatic oscillations or earthquake disturbance. Hence, the palaeoclimatic implications of erroneously inferring the cause of dam formation may be significant.We recommend that future research on natural dams in mountainous terrain addresses (a) climate- and earthquake-controlled systematics in the pattern of formation and failure; (b) quantification of response of mountain rivers to catastrophic outburst events and their concomitant process sequences; (c) elaboration of a comprehensive classification of natural dams in mountainous terrain with special attention to polygenetic dams; (d) physical-based modelling of dam formation, failure, and routing of water and sediment outbursts; and (e) quantitative controls on the contribution of natural dams to sediment budgets in mountainous terrain. 相似文献
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海南省琼中县侵入岩分布广泛,历经白垩纪、侏罗纪、三叠纪、二叠纪侵入期,以花岗岩、花岗闪长岩为主。地质构造相对不发育,岩体完整性好,岩石结构致密,地下水富水性差异大,找水难度大。在地质调查、物探勘探、水文钻探相互验证的基础上,较系统地分析了花岗岩区断裂构造裂隙水、风化壳网状裂隙-孔隙水和接触带型基岩裂隙水3种地下水类型的赋存规律及含水层电性特征。研究结果表明,断裂构造裂隙水主要赋存于构造破碎带中,尤其是走向北西的张性或张扭性构造带中,一般富水性好,水量大;风化壳网状裂隙-孔隙水分布普遍,多赋存于沟谷或山间凹谷地貌的风化壳中,一般富水性差,水量小;接触带型基岩裂隙水主要赋存于花岗岩与沉积岩、花岗岩与变质岩、不同侵入期次花岗岩接触带上,富水性差异大。在视电阻率等值线断面上,花岗岩断裂构造裂隙水呈现为陡降低阻"条带"或"漏斗"状异常电性特征曲线;花岗岩风化壳网状裂隙-孔隙水呈现为"洼地"或"凹槽"状低阻电性特征;接触带型基岩裂隙水呈现为"层"或"带"状低阻电性特征曲线。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2006,21(9):1482-1497
Population statistics for As concentrations in rocks, sediments and ground water differ by geology and land use features in the New England region, USA. Significant sources of As in the surficial environment include both natural weathering of rocks and anthropogenic sources such as arsenical pesticides that were commonly applied to apple, blueberry and potato crops during the first half of the 20th century in the region. The variation of As in bedrock ground water wells has a strong positive correlation with geologic features at the geologic province, lithology group, and bedrock map unit levels. The variation of As in bedrock ground water wells also has a positive correlation with elevated stream sediment and rock As chemistry. Elevated As concentrations in bedrock wells do not correlate with past agricultural areas that used arsenical pesticides on crops. Stream sediments, which integrate both natural and anthropogenic sources, have a strong positive correlation of As concentrations with rock chemistry, geologic provinces and ground water chemistry, and a weaker positive correlation with past agricultural land use. Although correlation is not sufficient to demonstrate cause-and-effect, the statistics favor rock-based As as the dominant regional source of the element in stream sediments and ground water in New England. The distribution of bedrock geology features at the geologic province, lithology group and map unit level closely correlate with areas of elevated As in ground water, stream sediments, and rocks. 相似文献
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Zhou Xun Fang Bin Shen Ye Zhang Hua School of Water Resources Environment China University of Geosciences Beijing China Lin Li Lin Jianwang Tianjin Institute of Geothermal Exploration Development Design Tianjin China 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(1):110-114
INTRODUCTIONThermalgroundwaterisfoundtohaveoccurredinthebedrockcarbonateaquifersofLowerPaleozoicandMeso toNeo ProterozoicErathemsnearTianjin ,China .Thebedrockaquifersexistinthelayersbetweenabout 10 0 0mandmorethan 4 0 0 0mbelowthelandsurface .Thethermalwaterhasbeensuccessfullydevelopedoverthepast2 0yearstoprovideasourceofhotwaterforavarietyofresidentialandindustri alpurposes.Geothermalwellstappingtheaquifersarecapa bleofproducingcommercialquantitiesofhotwaterwiththetemperaturesranging… 相似文献
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重庆南川市甑子岩W12 #危岩崩塌预警分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
岩崩是基岩山区一种常遇的地质灾害,具有突发性强,可预见性差,危害性大的特点。文章通过对重庆南川金佛山甑子岩W12^#危岩体现场勘查,分析了该危岩体的成因机制和破坏模式。采用常规监测仪器和人工变形量测手段进行了预警预报研究,成功地预报了金佛山甑子岩W12^#危岩的崩塌,避免了重大的经济损失和人员伤亡。研究成果可为研究岩崩系统发展演化机制、探索突发性地质灾害的空间预警和防灾减灾决策提供可靠依据。 相似文献
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【研究目的】安徽长江经济带地热资源储量丰富,未来开发利用前景好,对该区域进行地热资源评价可为安徽省能源结构优化及地热资源可持续开发利用提供科学依据。【研究方法】在分析研究区地质构造、地层岩性、地热流体水化学类型等地质与水文地质条件的基础上,揭示了安徽长江经济带地热资源概况及分布特征,探讨了隆起山地对流型和沉积盆地传导型地热资源的赋存特征,并对其储量及开发利用潜力进行评价。【研究结果】安徽长江经济带地热资源热储主要赋存在巢湖—和县基岩隆起区、大别山隆起区、沿江基岩隆起区、江南隆起等隆起山地及定远断陷盆地、肥东断陷盆地、霍山—九井盆地、庐枞断陷盆地、安庆断陷盆地、宣城断陷盆地等沉积盆地。前者隆起区热储类型为带状,岩性以断裂破碎带中花岗岩为主,后者断陷盆地热储类型为层状及层状兼带状,岩性以砂岩和碳酸盐岩为主。带内热储主要为偏硅酸·氟热矿水,隆起山地型地热流体水化学类型主要为SO4、HCO3型水,沉积盆地型地热流体水化学类型主要为HCO3型水。通过潜力评价可知,隆起山地型地热资源潜力较小,且处于开发利用状态的地热田基本处于超采状态;沉积盆地型地热资源潜力相对较大,其中潜力大、中和小的盆地分别有4处、6处和10处。【结论】安徽长江经济带区域内地热资源潜力分布不均,地热资源需要分区规划利用,并且需要考虑高氟、高矿化度热矿水利用造成的地表水环境污染。 相似文献
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构造裂隙水是基岩地下水的重要组成部分,尤其是在风化裂隙发育较差,覆盖较薄的白城北部低山丘陵区,构造裂隙水往往成为该区的主要供水水源.本文简要介绍了该区构造裂隙水赋存的特点及其分布规律,并结合工作实践,提出了探明该区储水构造的方法. 相似文献