贵池铜山岩体岩石化学与地球化学特征

通过岩石化学、微量元素地球化学、稀土元素地球化学、铅同位素地球化学特征研究表明， 铜山石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩是同一岩浆源同一时期（ 燕山早期） 三个侵入阶段的产物， 铜山岩体幔壳同熔型的复式岩体， 属太平洋钙碱性岩石系列。铜山铜矿床的形成与铜山复式岩体的岩浆充分演化分异有关。     

内蒙古孟恩陶勒盖银铅锌铟矿床成因研究

文章从地质特征及地球化学特征方面论证了孟恩陶勒盖矿床的成因。地质特征显示该矿床的形成与花岗岩之间不存在成因联系，矿床相对于岩浆岩围岩是后成的，花岗岩及断裂构造只是为矿床提供了储存空间。矿床地球化学特征显示该矿床的成因与可能位于深部的燕山期岩浆活动有关，成矿元素及硫主要来自岩浆，成矿流体以岩浆水为主。因此该矿床属于岩浆热液型多金属矿床。     

北祁连冷龙岭地区宁缠河花岗岩体的地球化学特征及大地构造意义

宁缠河花岗岩岩体位于北祁连中段,由两阶段侵入体构成,第一阶段侵入体具I型花岗岩特征,第二阶段侵入体为S型花岗岩。微量和稀土元素地球化学特征表明,岩体具有轻稀土富集型的球粒陨石标准化模式,两阶段侵入体形成于不同的构造环境,清阳河单元可能是在弧陆发生软碰撞时,岛弧型岩浆房中富含硅质的残余岩浆,在挤压应力下,快速上升侵入形成,下夹石及上池沟单元形成于同碰撞造山阶段。     

川西甲基卡矿床外围中酸性侵入岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

在川西甲基卡矿床外围新发现了建巴村中酸性侵入岩体,为了探讨其形成时代、成岩构造背景及其成矿条件,开展了LA-ICP-MC锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学特征研究。结果表明: 该岩体的结晶年龄为(211.8±1.0) Ma; 岩石属于钙碱性-高钾钙碱性准铝质中酸性侵入岩系列,具有I型花岗岩类的特征,其物质来源可能为壳源物质与幔源物质部分熔融。地球化学特征表明其形成于后碰撞环境,与此时期内川西地区的区域性岩浆活动相对应。建巴村岩体的构造位置及岩浆活动特征指示其可能不具备形成伟晶岩矿床的条件。     

江西东乡花岗斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

通过对东乡铜矿花岗斑岩进行岩石地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb定年研究,探讨其岩石成因、构造环境、形成时代与成矿的关系。东乡花岗斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为156.4±1.5~161±1.0Ma。该岩体为高钾钙碱性系列,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素较亏损,具有明显的负Eu异常。微量元素富集大离子亲石元素,而亏损高场强元素。地球化学特征表明,东乡岩体形成于碰撞构造环境,岩浆来源于地幔,但形成演化期间经历了地壳物质的同化混染。该区矿石与花岗斑岩的稀土元素配分曲线存在一定的相似性,且成矿时间与岩浆侵入时间相近,表明岩浆侵入对东乡铜矿床的形成具有重要贡献。     

北-中祁连过渡带龙王山花岗岩体与花石峡钨钼矿关系讨论

花石峡钨钼矿位于青海省东部的互助县,大地构造位置处于北祁连造山带南缘,为典型的矽卡岩型钨钼矿,其与岩浆侵入活动有关。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法对花石峡钨钼矿区外围二长花岗岩体进行了年代学定年,获得(418.2±1.1)Ma U-Pb年龄。岩石地球化学特征显示为高钾钙碱性系列,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素较亏损,δEu为0.50～0.88,具弱负Eu异常。微量元素富集大离子亲石元素,而明显亏损高场元素和重稀土元素。地球化学特征表明,龙王山花岗岩是板块碰撞期阶段的产物,属I型花岗岩,岩浆来源于下地壳。龙王山花岗岩同位素的获取,表明花石峡钨钼矿的成矿时代与岩浆侵入时间相近,为晚志留世。龙王山二长花岗岩为该矿提供了热源和物源。     

青海“三江”北段斑岩钼铜矿带含矿斑岩地球化学、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征及地质意义

青海"三江"北段斑岩型钼铜成矿带地处青海南部地区,区内呈NW-SE向展布一系列新生代具钼铜矿化的岩体。通过对具有代表性的纳日贡玛、陆日格、打古贡卡含矿斑岩地球化学、Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征的研究,表明"三江"北段含矿斑岩主要为过铝质的高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列;微量元素配分曲线总体呈右倾型,大离子亲石元素(LILE)富集,高场强元素(HFSE)亏损,具有较弱的Eu负异常,Sr-Nd-Pb同位素处于亏损地幔(MORB)与富集地幔的演化曲线上,被俯冲板片流体所交代的富集地幔可能为岩浆的源区。同时,"三江"北段斑岩源区同位素更向亏损地幔端员靠拢,而软流圈物质注入量的多少则导致了"三江"北段成矿带、玉龙成矿带岩石地球化学特征的差异。以纳日贡玛大型钼铜斑岩矿床为中心的青海南部"三江"北段斑岩型钼铜矿带的确立,暗示在青海南部仍然具有寻找大型斑岩型及岩浆期后热液型矿床的潜力。     

内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗查干哈达音亨嘎高温型强过铝质花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

内蒙古东乌珠穆沁旗查干哈达音亨嘎强过铝质岩体位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块之间的中亚-蒙古造山带中东段的兴蒙褶皱带,主要岩石类型为含石榴子石二云母二长花岗岩。基于锆石U-Pb同位素定年、地球化学分析和构造环境判别,结合区域对比,认为查干哈达音亨嘎岩体源区可能与变质泥岩部分熔融有关,晚古生代,强过铝质花岗岩形成之前,二连—东乌旗一带已经发生了碰撞造山作用,之后为后碰撞-造山后的伸展扩张时期。经研究确定,查干哈达音亨嘎岩体为鲜有报道的石炭纪—早二叠世具有典型后碰撞特征的高温型强过铝质S型花岗岩类。     

新疆克拉玛依岩体的岩浆混合作用成因：岩石地球化学证据

新疆西准噶尔地区克拉玛依花岗质岩体中发育大量闪长质微粒包体,并形成有岩浆混合成因的岩浆混合岩——石英闪长岩。包体成分主要为闪长质,显微镜下具有岩浆岩结构,岩浆混合特征十分明显,如:针状磷灰石,角闪石包裹辉石残晶,长石斑晶的溶蚀环带等特征。岩体中寄主岩石、岩浆混合岩、闪长质微粒包体、闪长玢岩脉分别代表岩浆混合演化过程中两端元岩浆按不同比例混合的产物。在岩石地球化学方面,包体与寄主岩石的主要氧化物之间具有良好的线性关系,寄主岩石和包体的稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素蛛网图形态相似;各种地球化学元素参数特征显示,寄主岩石与包体在岩石形成过程中发生过成分交换及均一化。特征元素比值及同位素等特征表明,闪长质包体的端元岩浆可能为幔源基性岩浆,寄主岩石的端元岩浆可能是以壳源为主的酸性岩浆。岩石地球化学特征进一步佐证了该区岩浆混合作用的存在,同时也暗示岩浆混合作用可能是新疆北部后碰撞过程中重要的岩浆活动形式。     

赣杭带东段天姆尖盆地深源岩浆体系及铀成矿作用

通过赣杭带东段天姆尖盆地铀矿综合区调，特别是对该盆地火山－侵入杂岩的岩石化学成分，微量元素，稀土元素，同位素等地球化学参数的分析研究。认为天姆尖盆地的岩浆作用具深源性，火山岩浆活动具壳幔双重性。本文详细论述了该盆地火山－侵入杂岩的地球化学特征的岩浆成因，并应用深源成矿理论阐述了深源岩浆体系对该区铀成矿的贡献，为该区寻找富大铀矿提供依据。     

苗儿山花岗岩体单元—超单元特征及其定位机制

根据苗儿山花岗岩体单元－超单元新理论将苗儿岩体划分为13个单元，归并为两个超单元，两个独立单元。不同单元、超单元的性质特征揭示了不同构造期古老岩石重熔的岩浆，沿北东向基底断裂上侵在隆起核部冷凝成岩的演化规律。雪峰期形成猫儿界单元线浅成相裂隙喷溢型火山岩；加里东期以NE向基底断裂的中心式扩展定位形成中深成相黄金超单元主体，自中心往外，岩体由新至老分布；印支－燕山期延续 了加里东期岩浆活动特征；因环状裂隙影响，印支期光旺岭单元侵入体总体呈NE向展布，且以加里东期岩浆侵位中心呈半环状排列；燕山期八角亭超单元3个NE向带，是岩浆呈岩墙式扩张定位的具体表现。     

信息量理论在岩浆演化中的应用

信息量理论对同源岩浆演化过程可作定量说明,赣南燕山早期的清溪超单元由四个单元归并而成,其中的大埠单元与另外三个单元,相互这间均呈涌动接触,空间分布无规律,该单元在岩浆演化序列中所处的位置难以确定,通过对几单元的信息量计算,确定了大埠单元为清溪超单元岩浆早期就位产物。     

南秦岭铁瓦殿岩体岩石谱系单位特征

将铁瓦殿岩体划分为5个岩石谱系单位，厘定为2个超单元，即铁瓦殿超单元和马院子超单元。研究认为：铁瓦殿超单元形成于消减带活动板块边缘环境，其岩浆物质来源于上部地壳，以类岩墙扩张形式被动顶蚀上侵定位，是新元古代活动陆缘聚合作用的产物；马院子超单元形成于造山晚期－晚造山期消减带环境，其岩浆物质来源于上部地壳，以类岩墙扩张－底劈形式上侵定位，是印支－燕山造山期陆内裂槽聚合作用的产物。     

望湘岩基南部单元—序列体制的探讨

笔者在前人资料的基础上,通过部分野外调查工作,应用侵入体一单元一序列三级体制,将望湘岩基南部侵入体重新厘定,归并为8个单元,组合成两个序列。认为这两个序列是相隔4 Ma的同源岩浆两次脉动式上侵的结果,8个单元是两次岩浆上侵后分别结晶分异的产物。根据野外的接触关系,确认汉家山单元(B岩型)的定位时间晚于坝头岭单元和朱家冲单元(C岩型)。并依据各单元的矿物成分、化学成分、微量元素含量的变化,重新厘定了岩浆的演化顺序。     

非均匀温度场中熔体结晶作用与科马提岩结构成因

具有重要岩石学和构造学意义的科马提岩，最吸引人同时又最令人困惑的特征之一是它的鬣刺结构和分层构造。本文从喷出地表的岩桨冷凝时温度分布、熔体性质与结晶作用的密切联系，把科马提岩浆喷发形成的岩流作为一个冷凝整体。通过与金属铸锭浇注成形和矿石冶炼生产的比较，发现它们在冷凝固结过程中温度场特征、熔体的性质、结晶能力和结晶方式都有十分相似的特点，并以此为出发点详细解析了科马提岩的鬣刺结构和岩石分层构造的形成     

浆混花岗岩专题填图方法初探——以东昆仑加鲁河地区为例

东昆仑造山带花岗岩中广泛发育暗色微粒包体,含有丰富的壳幔岩浆混合作用的证据,被认为是研究岩浆混合作用的天然场所。适逢近阶段同源花岗岩谱系填图方案在造山带岩浆混合(浆混)花岗岩图区实践时深受质疑,本研究以东昆仑加鲁河地区浆混花岗岩为例,开展浆混花岗岩区专题填图试点工作,旨在探索一套适合浆混花岗岩填图的岩石单位划分方案。从野外地质、岩相学、岩石和矿物化学等不同角度论证了加鲁河花岗闪长岩及其内部包体形成于开放体系下的壳幔岩浆混合作用。在填图工作中,将图区内的岩浆岩划分为浆混花岗岩和非浆混花岗岩2个超单元。以岩浆混合作用为理论依据,将浆混花岗岩超单元划分为基性端元、酸性端元和浆混产物3个二级单位,对于2个端元岩石单位按照其矿物组成、结构构造等方面的差异(岩浆演化导致)再次划分最基本岩石单位——侵入体,对于浆混产物单位,建议可按照岩浆混合程度差异或者内部包体变化规律灵活划分基本岩石单位——浆混体。由此建立了一套可与同源花岗岩谱系单位相兼容的浆混花岗岩谱系单位划分方案,为岩浆混合花岗岩区开展填图工作提供了初步探索方案。     

The mafic-ultramafic complex near Finero (Ivrea-Verbano Zone), I. Chemistry of MORB-like magmas

Geochemical data are presented for the meta-igneous, mafic-ultramafic complex near Finero. This complex is in contact with a phlogopite-bearing mantle peridotite and is subdivided into the Internal Gabbro unit, the Amphibole Peridotite unit, and the External Gabbro unit. The Internal Gabbro and the Amphibole Peridotite units consist of coarse-grained, chemically heterogeneous cumulates, whereas the External Gabbro unit is generally massive, chemically more uniform and approximately representative of the residual melt with MgO contents between 6.6 and 9.1% and Mg numbers between 38 and 58. Both whole-rock and mineral contents of Ni and Cr are significantly higher (at similar Mg numbers) in the Amphibole Peridotite unit than in the Internal Gabbro unit. The most straightforward interpretation of this is that the Amphibole Peridotite unit accumulated after the influx of fresh mafic (or ultramafic) magma into the magma chamber. Major-element chemical trends are continuous from the Amphibole Peridotite unit to the External Gabbro unit and are consistent with closed-system fractionation with no further addition of magma or contamination by wall or roof rock assimilation. In the External Gabbro unit, total FeO and TiO₂ contents are strongly correlated with each other (and with P₂O₅ and Zr) and reach values as high as 19 and 4%, respectively, indicating an advanced degree of crystal fractionation along a tholeftic trend. The External Gabbro samples have generally smooth normalized trace element patterns, which are consistent with being representative of a liquid composition. The residual nature of the External Gabbro magma is also indicated by negative Eu and Sr anomalies, clear evidence for prior feldspar fractionation. REE patterns are otherwise indistinguishable from N-type MORB, but Th and U are significantly more depleted than in MORB. This Th and U depletion is similar to that found in olivine basalts and picrites on Iceland and Hawaii; its origin is not well understood. No evidence is seen for any assimilation of crystal material, in sharp contrast with the situation of the igneous complex in Val Sesia near Balmuccia, where the magma composition is dominated by assimilation of crust. We suggest that the heat provided by at most two injections of magma near Finero was insufficient to induce crystal anatexis, in contrast with the excess heat supplied by multiple magma injections at Balmuccia.     

Isotopic responses to basaltic injections into silicic magma chambers: a whole-rock and microsampling study of macrorhythmic units in the Pleasant Bay layered gabbro-diorite complex, Maine, USA

The Pleasant Bay layered gabbro-diorite complex (420 Ma) formed via repeated injections of mafic magma into a felsic magma chamber. It is dominated by repeating sequences (macrorhythmic units) with chilled gabbroic bases which may grade upward into medium-grained gabbro, diorite and granite. Each unit represents an injection of mafic magma into the chamber followed by differentiation. Increases in Sr_i and decreases in )_Ndi with stratigraphic height indicate open-system isotopic behaviour and exchange between the mafic and felsic magmas. Isotopic variations of whole-rock samples in individual macrorhythmic units do not conform to bulk mixing or AFC models between potential parental magmas. Sr isotopic studies of single feldspar crystals from one macrorhythmic unit indicate that exchange of crystals between the resident felsic magma and mafic influxes was important, that some of the rocks contain feldspar xenocrysts, and that the rocks are isotopically heterogeneous on an intercrystal scale. Xenocryst abundance increases with stratigraphic height, suggesting that crystal exchange occurred in situ. The lack of disequilibrium textures in the xenocrystic feldspar indicates the evolved macrorhythmic magma and resident silicic magma were of a similar composition and likely in thermal equilibrium at the time of crystal transfer. Mafic chilled margins are enriched in alkalis and isotopically evolved compared with mafic dikes (representing the parental melts) and suggest rapid in-situ diffusional exchange following emplacement of individual mafic replenishments.     

Internal stratigraphic architecture of the komatiitic dunite-hosted MKD5 disseminated nickel sulfide deposit,Mount Keith Domain,Agnew-Wiluna Greenstone Belt,Western Australia

The MKD5 nickel deposit is hosted by the Mount Keith Ultramafic Complex (MKUC), a dunite body of komatiitic affinity located in the Agnew-Wiluna Greenstone Belt, Western Australia. The internal architecture of the MKUC comprises seven distinct internal units that range from extreme adcumulate dunite to relatively fractionated pyroxenitic and gabbroic horizons. The MKUC is divided into three packages of units. The main adcumulate domain (MAD), which is situated in the lower portion of the complex, contains the bulk of disseminated nickel sulfide and is dominated by coarse adcumulate olivine textures. Overlying the MAD is an upper fractionated zone, which is dominated by mesocumulate-to-orthocumulate peridotite with domains containing oikocrystic pyroxenite and gabbroic lenses. An aerially restricted unit comprising texturally and chemically distinct olivine cumulate rocks is known as the western mineralized zone (WMZ). The fractionation trend between the MAD and UPZ indicates a westerly facing for the MKUC, conformable with the bounding stratigraphy. In the MKUC, truncation of some of the uppermost internal stratigraphic units by the hangingwall contact indicates that the unit has undergone structural modification since its emplacement and suggests that a proportion of the upper section has been removed by faulting. Furthermore, vertical and lateral textural transitions within the internal stratigraphy suggest that the MKUC (excluding the WMZ) was emplaced from an essentially continuous magma flow, with the MAD representing the period of highest magma flux and the major constructional period of emplacement. Conversely, the WMZ is interpreted to represent a later pulse of ultramafic magma, emplaced stratigraphically above the main MKUC. Comparison of the MKUC with other komatiitic dunites from both within the Agnew-Wiluna Greenstone Belt and worldwide indicates that despite apparent geometrical differences between lens and sheet komatiitic dunites, a broad facies architecture can be defined. We suggest that the differences in geometry are related to differing degrees of flow localization within dunitic units and are a function of both differences in the thermal characteristics and the degree of litho-facies heterogeneity of the enclosing lithologies.     

阿巴拉契亚造山带(纽芬兰岛)阿克利巨型花岗岩基地球化学填图及其成矿制约

阿巴拉契亚造山带加拿大纽芬兰岛东南部发育一晚泥盆纪阿克利巨型花岗岩基(～2500 km2).该岩基侵位于甘德和阿瓦隆地块的多佛-赫米蒂奇湾巨型断层带之间,内部发育钨-锡-钼矿床及相关的矿化.本文锆石年代学研究显示,岩基中Tolt单元侵位于378±2 Ma,各单元年龄基本一致,为同期岩浆多次侵位的产物.岩基中主要岩石类型...