基于时域激电数据的2.5D频谱参数反演

Cole-Cole模型频谱参数能够定量评价异常体电性特征和寻找深部矿(化)体。但目前时间域激电法只利用了视电阻率和某一时窗的视充电率进行解释,其他数据则被忽略,使得激电异常往往难以准确解释,已经严重影响和制约了该方法的应用和发展。为此,提出一种基于时间域激电数据的2D频谱参数反演方法,首先由各时窗的2.5D视充电率转换为视等效电阻率,然后采用最小二乘法反演得到各时窗的等效电阻率,并转换成充电率,最后由各时窗充电率计算得到频谱参数。算例表明,该方法可以有效地从2.5D时域激电数据中提取出频谱参数信息,实现频谱参数成像。     

时域激电数据进行频谱参数的反演方法及应用

Cole-Cole模型的频谱参数可以用于区分引起激电异常的极化体和寻找深部矿(化)体,因野外工作效率低,在勘探中没有得到广泛应用。当前的时域激电仪器可以观测反映二次极化电位衰减的多个时段的视充电率数据,根据频谱激电和时间域激电可以相互转换的理论,提出一种由时域激电数据提取出Cole-Cole模型参数方法,可得到4个频谱参数:视充电率Ms、视频率相关系数cs、视时间常数τs和视电阻率ρs。在江西某矿区激电中梯测量中,运用该方法推测地下地质体的性质并经钻探验证,取得了良好的找矿效果。     

同时存在激电和电磁效应的频谱激电异常性质

本文根据数值模拟结果讨论了同时存在激电和电磁效应时,频谱激电法的异常性质.指出了低阻和高阻极化体上激电和电磁响应的空间分布形态和频率特性.验证了按两个柯尔- 柯尔模型的组合反演视复电阻率频谱,分离激电和电磁效应的合理性.并利用这种方法反演理论频谱的结果,讨论了激电视频谱参数的异常性态.文中还讨论了覆盖层和非各向同性对频谱激电法异常的影响.     

高密度电阻率法研究进展

文中从高密度电法系统的发展、电极排列方式,反演方法及应用等方面,介绍了高密度电阻率法的应用研究进展。说明了高密度电法仪器从集中式到分布式,电极排列方式为适应地形变化等因素的影响,由某一种排列方式发展到组合排列和自定义排列方式。反演方法由早期的最小二乘反演发展到佐迪反演、基于born近似反演等反演方法,且从一维发展到三维,甚至四维。反演软件也从二维反演发展到三维反演,如德国DMT公司的反演软件从Res2DINV发展到Res3DINV,美国AGI公司的Earthimnge反演软件可以进行水域、跨孔高密度电法发演。列举了高密度电法近几年来在多个领域的应用概况,最后,文章总结出高密度电法仪器的发展方向为：提高发射机功率,增大供电电流,以及增加排列长度,提高仪器通道数量;带地形的非线性共轭梯度三维反演具有需要内存小、计算速度快,可以更好的定位鼻常体的幸间位置等优点．将会得到受为广泛的应用．     

伪随机激电法的有限单元法数值模拟研究

利用有限单元法和Cole-Cole模型对伪随机激电法进行数值模拟研究。首先简要介绍了伪随机激电法的基本原理,然后在忽略电磁效应的情况下,给出电场的边值问题和变分方程,将模型中大地和极化异常体的电阻率用Cole-Cole模型的参数替换,通过解方程最后得到模型节点上的复电位值。通过改变地电模型的参数,得到了不同参数下幅频率的模型相应曲线。模拟结果与实际情况符合,表明运用有限单元法模拟伪随机激电法中的参数是正确和适用的。     

体积分方程法模拟复电阻率三维体电磁响应

利用体积分方程法计算了均匀半空间中复电阻率(激电)效应和电磁效应同时存在时的三维体响应。在计算中,对于需要计算三重积分的张量格林函数电荷项一次部分,应用一种差分近似的方法求解,这种方法在保证计算精度的同时更加便于计算机实现;采用二次剖分的算法解决了计算张量格林函数时的奇异值问题;计算含有贝塞尔函数的积分项时,利用一种结合连分式展开的高斯求积代替常规的快速汉克尔变换方法。验证了计算结果并分析了三维体复电阻率模型(Cole-Cole)参数对正演结果的影响,为三维体复电阻率及其参数反演提供了正演依据。      

双频激电法有限元数值模拟研究

利用有限单元法和Cole-Cole模型对双频激电法进行数值模拟研究。首先简要介绍了双频激电法的基本原理,在忽略电磁效应的情况下,给出了电场的边值问题和变分方程,将模型中大地和极化异常体的电阻率用Cole-Cole模型的参数替换,通过解方程,最后得到模型节点上的复电位值。通过改变地电模型的参数,得到了在不同参数下视幅频率和绝对相位的响应曲线。模拟结果与实际情况符合,表明该方法是正确和适用的。     

中条山铜矿某工区激发极化法三极测深及其三维反演效果

文章简单描述了时域激电法原理、技术和测区地质概况及岩(矿)石电性特征.单极-偶极装置测深电阻率和充电率二维反演模型能够有效地圈定电性体在纵向和横向的分布特点,依据二维测深数据进行三维反演可获得电阻率和充电率异常曲线图,推测了不同深度范围内断裂和主要岩性分界,极化体空间分布位置和走向,钻探验证见铜矿化于划分的激电异常带,激电二维测深及其数据三维反演取得了较好的地质效果.     

Cole-Cole模型参数在时间域激电找矿中的应用

常规的时间域激电法获得参数较少,仅有电阻率和极化率两个参数,这使得激电异常往往难以准确解译,具体体现在矿体解译信息量较少和探测分辨率差上,特别是在极化率或电阻率数值接近的一些共生及伴生的矿产勘探中,如炭质灰岩、黄铁矿和褐铁矿共生的一些矿山。为了丰富矿体地质信息,提高对矿体的认识,减少误判和漏判,文中利用激电效应的时间响应可用Cole-Cole模型来描述的特征,通过阻尼最小二乘法实现时间响应与时间域Cole-Cole模型的最佳拟合,从而获得多种Cole-Cole模型参数。实际应用证明,该方法经济、有效,可通过多种物理参数综合解释,实现对激电异常更全面的认识和正确的推断解释,同时提高了时间域激电在深部找矿中的分辨率。     

电法勘探方法发展概况

本文简要叙述了80年代以来,我国常用和发展较快的几种主要电法的发展概况。这些方法有激发极化法、频谱激电法、瞬变电磁法、可控源音频大地电磁法和探地雷达。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of