浙江“陈蔡增生杂岩”中洋内弧型变基性火山岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义

文章报道了浙江"陈蔡增生杂岩"中新发现一类特殊的变质基性火山岩组合,主要由斜长角闪岩和角闪岩组成,岩石具有低Ti高Mg的地球化学特征,原岩为拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩。岩石稀土总量较低,ΣREE平均为25.46×10~(-6),轻重稀土比值LREE/HREE及(La/Yb)_N比值较小,平均分别为1.87和1.30,δEu平均为0.97,稀土配分与N-MORB及T-MORB类似,而微量元素显示为富集相容元素Cr、Ni及大离子亲石元素(LILE)K、Rb、Ba、U,亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Zr、P、Ti。上述地球化学特征与玻安质岩石十分相似,微量元素比值及图解判别均指示该套变基性火山岩形成于大洋岛弧(洋内弧)环境。该洋内弧型变基性火山岩的发现表明原定陈蔡群极有可能为新元古代中期至早古生代含有古大洋地壳残片的俯冲增生杂岩,而不是华夏古陆块的基底。     

如何判定俯冲增生杂岩中的高度肢解的洋底高原-海山系统

巨型洋底高原或海山系统到达俯冲带发生俯冲以后会在俯冲过程中发生肢解,在增生杂岩带中形成面目全非的小型洋底高原-海山系统的断块或碎片,使得在增生杂岩带中识别古老洋底高原-海山系统变得十分困难。为此,本文提出了基于洋板块地层、岩石学和地球化学联合研究的新方法及其识别标志,重新审定增生杂岩中洋底高原或海山的成因。     

高黎贡东南缘龙陵-瑞丽俯冲增生杂岩带与中特提斯洋演化

龙陵-瑞丽增生杂岩带的构造属性对确定高黎贡构造带作为腾冲-保山地块的边界及班怒带南向延伸十分关键。本文在地质填图的基础上,通过岩石学、矿物学、岩石地球化学、同位素年代学和同位素示踪等方法,查明混杂岩带主要由蛇纹石化橄榄岩、玄武岩/辉长岩、硅质岩、碳酸盐岩、含放射虫层状硅质岩和锰结核的深海沉积岩等岩块呈规模不等的团块状、透镜状分布于浊积岩基质中,具有典型的俯冲增生杂岩岩石组合特征。蛇纹石化橄榄岩原岩由方辉橄榄岩和少量纯橄岩组成,具有轻稀土轻微富集、Mg^#值高（88~92）,铬尖晶石Cr^#、Mg^#值分别在60~70和20~26区间,橄榄石Fo值为90~95。在铬尖晶石Cr^#-Mg^#指数图解和橄榄石Mg^#-铬尖晶石Cr^#图解上样品都落在弧前SSZ型橄榄岩区,说明研究区内的地幔橄榄岩是经历了高度部分熔融（>30%）和熔体抽离后的残留相,形成于弧前构造背景。玄武岩和辉长岩地球化学特征类似,具有富钛（TiO₂>2.26%）、高Mg^#值特征（49~57）,其稀土配分模式和微量元素蛛网图、构造环境判别图解、ε_Nd（t）值（+2.2~+5.1）、以及岩石中含少量富钛角闪石和黑云母等,表明它们属于洋岛/海山型基性岩类,其岩浆来源于富集地幔。橄榄岩中脉状辉石岩锆石U-Pb年龄为183~185Ma,浊积岩中杂砂岩最小碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄为212~241Ma。此外,增生杂岩带中存在含早白垩世流纹岩/凝灰岩夹层的弧前/弧间沉积,并被晚白垩世陆相沉积岩不整合覆盖,这些特点说明俯冲增生杂岩带形成于晚三叠-早白垩世。研究区内混杂岩带的构造属性和时代与班怒带（拉萨-南羌塘地块间）和缅甸境内密支那蛇绿混杂岩带完全一致,是中特提斯洋演化的产物。中生代,高黎贡东南缘混杂岩带北连班怒带、南东连密支那蛇绿混杂岩带,随后,在新生代印度板块向北俯冲过程中,密支那蛇绿混杂岩带被Sagaing断裂带分支——八莫断裂带右行走滑位移到现今位置。     

论从俯冲增生杂岩带重建洋板块地层主要类型与序列：以青藏特提斯二叠系为例

洋板块地层学是对具洋壳的盆地(大洋盆地、弧后和弧间盆地)在各种构造环境中形成的火成-沉积原生建造序列重建的地层学分支学科。洋板块地层(简称OPS)是指洋壳从洋中脊一直到海沟俯冲带之间形成的火成岩基底序列,以及沉淀在洋底基底序列之上的沉积岩和火山岩的盖层序列。OPS生成后在洋盆关闭历程中被传送进入海沟。在海沟中,部分被俯冲消减进入地幔,部分通过刮削拼贴、底劈拼贴和构造折返等方式堆积在海沟与弧前之间,形成俯冲增生杂岩(楔)带(简称SAC)。因此,如何从SAC中重建OPS序列是当前国际地学研究热点。OPS序列重建的关键是从SAC中划分出属于不同构造环境的亚类,在精细划分亚类的基础上,按不同的亚类分别进行OPS序列重建。本文以青藏特提斯二叠纪OPS为例,提出并论述了从SAC中划分OPS亚类的方案和各亚类的OPS序列模型。     

古岛弧地体的俯冲是南羌塘增生杂岩形成的重要机制:来自日湾茶卡洋岛的证据

洋内岛弧及微陆块的俯冲增生是形成增生杂岩的重要机制。本文通过对南羌塘地区日湾茶卡组进行野外实测地质剖面,开展沉积特征、古生物化石、碎屑组分模式、碎屑锆石测年等研究,发现：（1）日湾茶卡为近源沉积,最年轻碎屑锆石年龄峰值为325~375 Ma,但在龙木错-双湖古特提斯大洋周边陆块均未发现源区,其真正物源应为其下伏的望果山组火山岩;（2）日湾茶卡组内珊瑚化石丰度虽然高,但分异度非常低,其沉积位置应是一个相对突出的孤立位置。根据日湾茶卡组下伏望果山组火山岩所具有的洋内岛弧地球化学特征,并与同期SSZ型蛇绿岩组成的类似洋内俯冲的大地构造体系对比,本文认为日湾茶卡组与其下伏的望果山组火山岩共同组成了泥盆纪—石炭纪由洋内俯冲形成的古岛弧地体。根据碎屑锆石分布型式的相似性,本文进一步认为猫儿山地区部分南羌塘增生杂岩的源岩为日湾茶卡组。因此,日湾茶卡洋岛应曾经历过俯冲增生作用：浅部发生前端“刮削作用”形成冈玛错地区有变形但无变质的日湾茶卡组及望果山组,俯冲到深部的日湾茶卡组则发生高压变质作用并在后期折返至增生杂岩的浅部层次。因此,本文认为在南羌塘增生杂岩的形成过程中,日湾茶卡古岛弧地体的俯冲与增生也起到了重要的作用。     

关于发展洋板块地质学的思考

为揭示造山带物质组成和结构构造,发展洋板块地质学,阐明大陆形成演化过程和动力来源,应用板块构造理论和地质学方法,对造山带俯冲增生杂岩带、蛇绿岩带等大洋岩石圈板块地质建造、结构构造进行系统研究,寻找俯冲带岛弧前弧火成岩组合;研究洋板块初始俯冲过程中,从前弧玄武岩到玻安岩、高镁安山岩,再到弧拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性熔岩的岩浆作用分阶段递进演变历史,以揭示洋盆向大陆转化的原始弧性质和前弧火成岩组合及洋陆转换过程,为建立和发展洋板块地质学奠定科学基础.     

大陆中洋壳俯冲增生杂岩带特征与识别的重大科学意义

大洋或弧后洋盆俯冲增生是大陆地壳增长的主导地质作用.重建大陆中消亡的洋地层岩石组合序列是当代大陆动力学和地学研究的重大前沿.洋壳消减杂岩带的厘定是洋板块地质构造重建乃至全球大地构造研究之纲,是理解区域大地构造形成演化及动力学的核心.俯冲增生杂岩带的基本特征:(1)俯冲增生杂岩带物质组成的共性是:以强烈构造变形洋底沉积的硅质岩-硅泥质岩-粉砂岩、凝灰岩;弧-沟浊积岩等为基质;以洋岛-海山灰岩-玄武岩及塌积砾岩,洋内弧残留岩块,超镁铁质蛇绿岩、绿片岩、蓝片岩等为岩块.(2)变形样式:同斜倒转冲断叠瓦构造、增生柱前缘重力滑动构造以及泥质岩的底辟构造;增生楔前缘变形和增生形式受控于大洋或弧后洋盆的规模和洋壳的俯冲速度,也取决于陆缘碎屑供给量及洋底沉积厚度和岩性.(3)宽度和厚度:厚常达几千米,宽达几十公里至数百公里,延长上千公里,是洋壳俯冲消亡过程洋盆地层系统及陆缘沉积物加积的结果.(4)形成机制:是大陆碰撞前大洋(或弧后洋盆)岩石圈俯冲消减的产物.结合带中的早期俯冲增生杂岩带往往卷入晚期的构造混杂作用.     

北祁连中段俯冲—增生杂岩／火山弧的时代探讨

北祁连中段俯冲－增生杂岩／火山弧由俯冲－增生杂岩和火山弧两个单元所组成，前者以早奥陶世具洋壳性质的蛇绿岩、蛇绿混杂岩及深海复理石为主体，夹中、晚寒武世大陆裂谷及洋陆过渡环境的火山岩及碎屑岩块。同位素年代学显示俯冲－增生杂岩的深部单元经历了４８９—４４０Ｍａ的ＨＰ／ＬＴ变质作用，而火山弧的形成时代为４９５—４６６Ｍａ，它们均形成于Ｏ１—Ｏ２期间早古生代祁连洋向北俯冲在阿拉善地块之下的俯冲作用     

甘肃北山马鬃山俯冲增生杂岩带中特殊"古海山"的发现及其沉积序列解析

古海山是缝合带的关键组成部分,中亚造山带西段的天山造山带内已发现多处古海山,而北山地区却鲜有报道,古海山的发现可以弥补该地区海山研究的不足.通过在北山中部野马泉开展地质调查、测制剖面,发现了一套原始层序完整、以玄武岩、玄武质凝灰岩和大理岩为主的地层,具有火山岩基座和碳酸盐岩顶盖的结构,二者原始接触关系为整合接触,符合海山的沉积特征.依据地层中的岩石组合和沉积构造,确定其形成于海山斜坡相.野马泉古海山残骸呈NWW-SEE向延伸,东南部更接近海山顶.该海山中的玄武岩富集大离子亲石元素、亏损高场强元素,具有岛弧玄武岩的特征.该海山为洋内弧型海山,野马泉一带位于海山斜坡,其被构造肢解后呈NWW-SEE向分布.      

论俯冲增生杂岩带洋板块地质构造图编图思想与方法

对地质类图件编(填)图而言,合理厘定不同级别的编(填)图单元,是保证所编(填)图件质量的关键.俯冲增生杂岩带的物质组成,主要是来自洋盆不同构造环境下洋岩石圈的构造-岩石建造,可区分出洋脊建造(蛇绿岩)、深海平原建造、洋岛(OIB)-海山建造、洋内弧建造、海沟建造、源自洋岩石圈的高压-超高压岩石建造.另外,还有混入到俯冲增生杂岩带但不源自洋岩石圈,而是源自陆岩石圈的裂离地块建造、高压-超高压岩石建造、陆缘岩浆弧建造和楔顶盆地建造等.因此,查清并厘定出不同来源的地质体建造,是开展俯冲增生杂岩带编(填)图单元划分与图件编绘的基石.本文从区分出俯冲增生杂岩带内不同来源物质建造之科学目标为出发点,将它们的编图单元划分为3级: 俯冲增生杂岩带(一级单元)、岩片(二级单元)、岩块和基质(三级单元).对各级编(填)图单元类型进行了具体划分和命名,规定了其代号、用色和岩性花纹的使用要求.简述了俯冲增生杂岩带构造形变的图面表达要求,强调俯冲期和碰撞期的构造变形是俯冲增生杂岩带的两大主期变形,必须合理编(填)绘.     

中亚造山带东缘迪彦庙俯冲增生杂岩带早二叠世洋内弧岩浆作用及构造背景

洋陆转换岩石学证据（洋内弧）的发现使识别、重建、研究洋盆转化为大陆成为可能.对中亚造山带东缘迪彦庙俯冲增生杂岩带内蛇绿岩开展岩石地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素以及锆石U-Pb年代学研究,识别出一套洋内弧火成岩组合.MORB-Like玄武岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为286.1±6.1 Ma,代表洋内初始俯冲时代;HMA锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为283.7±4.7 Ma,代表首次岩浆作用后、俯冲程度加深的岩浆作用时代;岛弧拉斑玄武岩（IAT）锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为241±5 Ma,指示古亚洲洋早三叠世逐渐向着正常岛弧岩浆作用转换的大陆化方向发展.从MORB-Like玄武岩到HMA再到IAT的岩石组合序列代表了洋内俯冲作用由浅到深的递进演变以及洋盆向大陆边缘岛弧逐步演化的洋陆转换过程.      

Jurassic Subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Ocean in NE China: Zircon U–Pb and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic Evidence from the Huashan and Taili Monzogranites

The Qilian orogen along the NE edge of the Tibet‐Qinghai Plateau records the evolution of Proto‐Tethyan Ocean that closed through subduction along the southern margin of the North China block during the Early Paleozoic. The South Qilian belt is the southern unit of this orogen and dominated by Cambrian‐Ordovician volcano‐sedimentary rocks and Neoproteozoic Hualong complex that contains similar rock assemblages of the Central Qilian block. Our recent geological mapping and petrologic results demonstrate that volcano‐sedimentary rocks show typical rock assembles of a Cambrian‐early Ordovician arc‐trench system in Lajishan Mts. along the northern margin of the Hualong Complex. Island arc rocks including basalt, andesite, dacite, rhyolite, and breccia is in fault contact with ophiolite complex consisting of mantle peridotite, serpentinite, gabbro, dolerite, plagiogranite, and basalt. Accretionary complexes are tectonically separated from the ophiolite‐arc rocks, with various rock assemblages spatially. They consist of pillow basalt, basalt breccia, tuff, chert, and limestone blocks with a seamount origin within the scaly shale in Dingmaoshan and Donggoumeikuang areas, and basalt, chert, and sandstone blocks within muddy shale matrix and mélange at Lajishankou area. Abundant radiolarians occur in red chert, and trilobite, brachiopod, and coral fossils occur within Dingmaoshan limestone blocks. Although partial basalt or chert blocks are highly disrupted, duplex, thrust fault, rootless intrafolial fold, tight fold, and penetrative foliation are well‐developed at Donggoumeikuang area. Spatially, accretionary complexes lie structurally beneath ophiolite complex and above the turbidites of the Central Qilian block. Ophiolite and accretionary complexes are also overlapped by late Ordovician molasse deposits sourced from Cambrian arc‐trench system and the Central Qilian block. These observations demonstrate that a Cambrian‐early Ordovician trench‐arc system within the South Qilian belt formed during the early Paleozoic southward subduction of the South Qilian Ocean collided with the Central Qilian block prior to the late Ordovician.     

Ophiolites and Intra-Oceanic Island Arc Assemblages of Eastern Australia, New Caledonia and New Zealand

Throughout the Phanerozoic the eastern margin of Gondwana and related fragments such as New Caledonia and New Zealand that are now dispersed from it grew through the addition of ophiolites and associated intra-oceanic island arc assemblages.Exactly how and why this occurred remains controversial with two main competingmodelsreferredtoaseither‘quantum’or‘accordion’tectonics.The quantum model envisages continental growth through the additional of discrete intra-oceanic assemblages analogous to contemporary tectonic settings in Taiwan,Timor and Papua New Guinea(Aitchison and Buckman,2012).The alternative regards eastern Australia as the type example of a different style of convergent plate margin referred to as an‘extensional accretionary orogeny’(Collins,2002).The oldest Phanerozoic ophiolites and intra-oceanic island arc assemblages are of Cambrian age and are widely reported from the Lachlan Fold Belt in the eastern Australian states of Victoria and NSW(Spaggiari et al.,2003;Greenfield et al.,2011).Similar rocks are also known from Mount Read in Tasmania(Berry and Crawford,1988;Crawford and Berry,1992;Mulder et al.,2016),the Weraerai terrane and its correlatives in the New England orogen further east in northeastern NSW(Aitchison et al.,1994;Aitchison and Ireland,1995)and Queensland,the Takaka terrane in NW Nelson,New Zealand(Münker and Cooper,1999)and the Bowers terrane in Northern Victoria Land,Antarctica(Weaver et al.,1984;Münker and Crawford,2000;Rocchi et al.,2011;Palmeri et al.,2012).The Late Ordovician saw the development of the intra-oceanic Macquarie island arc(Glen et al.,1998;Glen et al.,2007).This system contains important economic mineral deposits.The way in which these arcrocks developed and were juxtaposedagainst a surrounding suite of Lachlan Fold Belt,eastern Australia remains the subject of investigation(see Aitchison and Buckman,2012 for discussion).In a similar area,enigmatic rocks of the Tumut ophiolite also crop out(Graham et al.,1996;Belousova et al.,2015).Further to the east in the New England orogeny Siluro-Devonian rocks of the Gamilaroi terrane and it’s along strike correlatives near Mt Morgan in Queensland represent another intra-oceanic island arc assemblage emplaced onto the Gondwana margin in the Late Devonian(Aitchison and Flood,1994;Offler and Murray,2011).The Late Carboniferous-Permian saw development of significant intra-oceanic island arc and ophiolitic complexes remnants of which crop out in New Zealand,eastern Australia,and New Caledonia.These include the Brook Street terrane(Spandler et al.,2005;Mc Coy-West et al.,2014)and Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt in New Zealand(Coombs et al.,1976;Stewart et al.,2016),the Gympie terrane in southeast Queensland(Waterhouse and Sivell,1987;Sivell and Waterhouse,1988)and the Koh terrane in New Caledonia(Meffre et al.,1996;Ali and Aitchison,2002).The youngest on-land association of ophiolitic and intra-oceanic island arc rocks in the region is of Eocene age.Ultramafic rocks are well exposed in New Caledonia where they structurally overlie continental rocks of Gondwana margin affinity that,in the northeast of the island,have experienced eclogite facies metamorphism(Aitchison et al.,1995).The emplacement of these rocks was a widespread regional event with potentially correlative rocks exposed in Papua New Guinea(Parrot and Dugas,1980)as well as Northland and East Cape in New Zealand(Whattam et al.,2005;Whattam et al.,2008).     

GIS支持下的盆地古构造再造——以松辽盆地北部古中央隆起带为例

再造地质历史时期盆地的古格局构造对于盆地构造演化史研究和油气运移路径模拟具有重要意义.将地理信息系统与盆地分析方法融合开展了松辽盆地北部古中央隆起带古构造演化史研究, 阐述了在GIS支持下开展盆地古构造演化研究的原理和方法, 再造了古中央隆起带的古构造格局, 简要分析了古中央隆起带的古构造演化史.分析表明, 古中央隆起带于火石岭—营城期开始发育, 登楼库期定型, 泉头期开始萎缩, 姚家期末停止发育, 从油气主运移期与构造形成期的配套关系考虑, 古中央隆起带是深层天然气聚集的有利场所.      

义敦岛弧带多旋回演化的基本轮廓

位于青藏高原东部边缘的义敦岛弧带,晚二叠世以来经历了伸展与挤压相交替的多旋回式构造演化。根据伸展、挤压交替的阶段性变化,其演化历程可划分为10期（阶段）：① 二叠纪—前二叠纪:泛扬子板块阶段;② 二叠纪末—中三叠世早期:大陆边缘裂 谷→海洋;③ 中三叠世晚期:不成熟岛弧;④ 早卡尼期：裂谷与海洋;⑤ 晚卡尼期—早诺尼 期：成熟岛弧;⑥ 中—晚诺尼期：岛弧基底上的裂谷作用;⑦ 诺尼期末—瑞替期：弧陆碰撞和残留海;⑧ 侏罗纪—早白垩世：挤压褶皱造山;⑨ 晚白垩世—第三纪：山原裂谷作用和山 间盆地;10 第四纪—现代：快速隆起造山。二叠纪末—三叠纪初为本区构造格局的转折点,即本区脱离扬子板块主体部分向西漂移并导致产生新的洋壳,出现新的构造格局。三叠纪的构造伸展—挤压转换最为频繁,火山—沉积作用也最为活跃,以钙—碱性中酸性火山岩为代表的义敦火山弧形成于这一时期。     

An Example of Island-Arc Petrogenesis: Geochemistry and Petrology of the Southern Luzon Arc, Philippines

Volcanism throughout the Luzon arc is associated with eastwardsubduction of the South China Sea floor along the Manila Trench.The southern section of the arc, the focus of this study, extendsfrom the Lingayen-Dingalan fault to the small islands just southof Luzon. Two segments appear to exist along this section ofthe arc the northern Bataan and southern Mindoro segments whichare separated by the Macolod Corridor. The volcanic rocks have typical arc phenocryst mineralogies:olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and titanomagnetite inthe most mafic rocks and clinopyroxene, plagioclase, orthopyroxene,titanomagnetite, ? amphibole in the more felsic samples. Complexzoning, sieve textures, and decoupling of incompatible traceelements suggest that processes such as assimilation have takenplace. The rocks from the study area range from basalts to rhyolitesand show typical calc-alkaline features. The rocks of the MacolodCorridor and Mindoro segment are particularly enriched in largeion lithophile elements (LILE), light rare earth elements (LREE),and radiogenic Sr compared with the Bataan segment. The datafall within the mantle array on Sr-Nd isotopic diagrams andgrade toward higher Sr and lower Nd isotopic values from northto south. A likely source for the volcanics of this study is either amid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB)-type mantle that undergoes higherdegrees of partial melting than regions involved in MORB generationor a previously depleted source. We suggest that the high fieldstrength element (HFSE) anomalies have been derived throughdifferential element partitioning during fluid transport fromthe subducted lithosphere to the mantle wedge. Continental crustal material seems to play a significant roleparticularly in the Macolod Corridor and the Mindoro segment,based on the high LILE, La/Sm ratios, radiogenic Sr isotopes,and ¹⁸O values. The Macolod Corridor and the Mindoro segmenthave undergone source contamination by crustal material fromthe North Palawan-Mindoro crustal block either during the collisionof this block with the Manila Trench or by subduction of sedimentsrich in this crustal material. A similar component has alsobeen detected in the Bataan segment but in minor amounts. Thetrace element and isotopic differences between the northernand southern sections of the arc are interpreted in terms ofvariable composition (i. e., variable amounts of a crustal componentintroduced from the Palawan-Mindoro crustal terrain) of themetasomatic fluids released into the source.     

西天山的增生造山过程

西天山位于中亚造山带的西南缘,经历了复杂的增生造山过程。它也是标志塔里木地块北部被动陆缘与西伯利亚地块南侧宽阔活动陆缘最后拼合的构造带。根据近年来的研究进展,将西天山划分为北天山弧增生体、伊犁地块北缘活动陆缘、伊犁地块、伊犁地块南缘活动陆缘、中天山复合弧地体、西天山（高压）增生楔和塔里木北部被动大陆边缘。同时综述了西天山蛇绿岩、高压变质岩、花岗岩类的年代学新资料,讨论了其增生造山的过程。西天山增生造山与早古生代帖尔斯克依古洋、早古生代晚期—晚古生代南天山洋和晚古生代北天山洋3个代表洋盆的演化相关,增生造山结束的时间可能是早石炭世末。二叠纪时期,西天山至整个中亚地区进入后碰撞演化阶段。现有资料证实西天山为晚古生代增生造山带,并非三叠纪碰撞造山带。     

西南日本黒濑川带的解剖：晚二叠世和早侏罗世增生混杂岩的构造-地层学与浅变质作用

The Kurosegawa belt forms a relatively narrow terrane that can be traced continuously throughout southwest and central Japan. The major constituent continental fragments of the Kurosegawa belt include Early Paleozoic granitic rocks, high-grade metamor-phic rocks, Carboniferous metamorphic rocks (epi-dote-amphibolite facies), Triassic-Early Jurassic metamorphic rocks (pumpellyite-actinolite facies), serpentinites of unknown age, Silurian–Devonian volcanoclastic rocks intercalated with limestones, and Permian–Jurassic shallow marine sediments (e.g., Ichikawa et al., 1956; Maruyama et al., 1984; Faure, 1985; Yoshikura et al., 1990; Aitchison et al., 1991, 1996; Hada et al., 1992, 2001; Isozaki et al., 1992). These diverse rock suites are highly disrupted, form-ing lenticular bodies within the Late Permian accre-tionary complex (AC) which collectively are covered by younger (Cretaceous) marine to brackish water sediments (e.g., Aitchison et al., 1991; Isozaki et al., 1992). We characterize the tectono-stratigraphic ar-chitecture and low-grade metamorphism of the accre-tionary complex preserved in the Kurosegawa belt of the Kitagawa district in eastern Shikoku, Southwest Japan, in order to understand its internal structure, tectono-metamorphic evolution, and assessments of displacement of continental fragments within the complex.     

南秦岭增生杂岩带马道地区变泥质岩的变质作用

摘要：南秦岭构造带出露于勉略断裂和虞关—留坝断裂之间,是一条复杂的增生杂岩带,也是秦岭造山带的重要组成部分。增生杂岩带内马道地区发育一套由黑云母片麻岩、片岩组成的变泥质岩,内部包含有石英岩、大理岩及超基性岩等岩块,构成了典型的“block in matrix”结构。选取了含石榴子石黑云母片麻岩样品进行详细的岩石学研究。结果显示,北部变质岩样品中的石榴子石具有弱退变质成分环带,利用岩石矿物组合中的石榴子石-黑云母温度计、石榴子石-黑云母-斜长石-石英组合温度-压力计,估算峰期压力为078~079 GPa,温度为705~707 ℃,退变质时期压力为064~076 GPa,温度为602~650 ℃,揭示出岩石峰期高角闪岩相变质后,经历降温减压过程。南部岩石样品中含有特征的十字石+蓝晶石组合,样品中的石榴子石具有进变质成分环带,其峰期压力为049~057 GPa,温度为553~562 ℃,相当于低角闪岩相。通过与其他典型增生杂岩带变质岩的剥露机制对比,认为马道变泥质岩的变质作用演化与南秦岭地区碰撞作用有关,而其剥露过程则主要受到双重逆冲构造控制。