贵州寒武系底部碳同位素负异常的地层学和生物学意义

贵州境内早寒武世早期几乎都是黑色页岩沉积。最近在贵州福泉英坪寒武系底部却发现了一套泥岩夹薄层灰岩,它为研究早寒武世早期海洋地球化学特征提供了条件。贵州福泉英坪前寒武系—寒武系界线附近的碳同位素强烈的负异常特征可与全球同期碳同位素进行对比,它对应于中国云南会泽小歪头山段底部、蒙古Tsagaan Oloom组顶部、西伯利亚Salarrny Gol组顶部、美国西南、伊朗、安曼、波兰、纽芬兰、英国、加拿大等地新元古代—寒武纪界线附近的强烈碳同位素负异常,它可作为划分前寒武系—寒武系界线重要依据。该剖面上碳同位素强烈负异常之下有8m厚的黑色页岩和硅质岩,在黑色页岩中发现有大量高肌虫和虫管化石,说明缺氧的黑色页岩沉积期间海洋中有大量的生物生活,但到了灰绿色泥岩和灰岩互层的碳同位素强烈负异常层段,则几乎没有生物化石。可以说缺氧事件对前寒武系—寒武系界线附近生物绝灭事件似乎没有很大的影响,而碳同位素强烈的负异常事件与前寒武系—寒武系界线附近生物大绝灭关系更为密切。     

河北唐山赵各庄寒武系与奥陶系界线地层地球化学特征

本文对唐山赵各庄长山剖面寒武系与奥陶系界线上、下的地层进行了微量元素、稀土元素和碳氧同位素的综合研究，发现在寒武系与奥陶系分界处，不仅三叶虫动物群面貌有明显变化，而且几乎所有微量元素和碳、氧同位素组成均发生了不同程度的变化。依据碳、氧同位素分析，研究层段的碳酸盐岩成岩环境为海底成岩环境     

云南梅树村前寒武系—寒武系界线部面硅同位素研究

云南梅树村前寒武秒－寒武系界线剖面是研究前寒武系－寒武系界线层型最重要的国际候选剖面之一。本文首次系统地研究硅同位素在剖面中的变化规律，指出“Ｃ”点附近“界线粘土层”为火山成因，“Ｂ”点至“Ｃ”点之间有海底喷气活动；“Ｃ”点附近的δ＾１３Ｃ，δ＾１８Ｏ负异常与生物大量活动有关，而非“灾变”所致。     

河北唐山赵各庄寒武系与奥陶系界线地球化学特征

本文对唐山赵各庄长山剖面寒武系与奥陶系界线上、下的地层进行了微量元素、稀土元素和碳氧同位素的综合研究，发现在寒武系与奥陶系分界处，不仅三叶虫动物群面貌有明显变化，而且几乎所有微量元素和碳、氧同位素组成均发生了不同程度的变化。依据碳、氧同位素分析，研究层段的碳酸直成岩环境的碳酸盐岩成岩环境为海底成岩环境。     

山东莱芜黄羊山晚寒武世牙形石组合及寒武系与奥陶系界线的确定

通过实测莱芜黄羊山晚寒武世地层剖面,利用牙形石确定了寒武系与奥陶系的界线;对长山阶的碳氧同位素曲线特征进行了分析,并与我国华南及哈萨克斯坦等国的寒武系芙蓉统底部的碳同位素曲线进行对比,建立了莱芜地区上寒武统与华南以及国外上寒武统的对比关系。     

扬子地台寒武系碳酸盐岩的碳同位素组成及地质意义

贵州金沙地区寒武系上部娄山关组岩性单一,为蒸发相白云岩,生物化石稀少,沉积时代归属不清.为寻找地层对比与划分的岩石地球化学标志,按5 m的样品间距对贵州金沙地区相邻的长岩沟剖面、岩孔剖面寒武系采集了250件碳、氧同位素样品进行测试分析,对其演化趋势进行了研究.结果表明,贵州金沙地区寒武系碳同位素组成演化表现出4次显著负漂移和3次显著的正漂移.负漂移分布于清虚洞组中部(NE-1)、陡坡寺组下部(NE-2)、陡坡寺组与娄山关组的分界处(NE-3)、及娄山关组下部(NE-4),δ13C值分别降低到-2.3‰0、-2.6‰o、-6.2‰和-4.8‰;正漂移分布于清虚洞组底部(PE-1)、顶部(PE-2)及娄山关组上部(PE-3),δ13C值分别上升到1.3‰、2.1‰和2.6‰.δ13C的演化趋势可与世界各大陆寒武系δ13C演化趋势对比,它将娄山关组下部、中部、上部分别划归全球寒武系第二统上部、第三统及第四统.     

云南晋宁梅树村、王家湾筇竹寺组八道湾段黑色页岩同位素年龄测定的新进展

云南晋宁梅树村、王家湾筇竹寺组八道湾段黑色页岩是接近于目前所定前寒武系-寒武系界线位置的一套地层,其年龄值对最终确定前寒武系-寒武系界线年龄有重要意义。近年来,国内外对前寒武系-寒武系界线年龄的时限看法各异,但总的趋势是认为前寒武系-寒武系界线年龄应比570百万年为大。1978年国际地科联前寒武系-寒武系界线工作组组长考依博士曾提出界线年龄为600百万年的意见,1977—1979年云南省地质科学研究所与宜昌地质矿产研     

塔里木盆地蓬莱坝剖面寒武系第二统-第三统界线处碳同位素负异常及其地质意义

塔里木盆地柯坪地区蓬莱坝剖面是研究寒武系地层的典型剖面,而迄今未有第二统一第三统界线处碳同位素演化研究.本研究对该剖面第二统吾松格尔组一第三统沙依里克组过渡区碳酸盐岩进行系统取样,分析了18件样品的碳、氧同位素组成.结果表明,δ13C(V-PDB)和δ18O(V-PDB)值分别分布于-4.2‰～0.8‰之间和-7.4‰...     

云南梅树村前寒武系-寒武系界线剖面的硅同位素研究

云南梅树村前寒系-寒武系界线剖面是研究前寒武系-寒武系界线层型最重要的国际候选剖而之一。本文首次系统地研究了硅同位素在剖面中的变化规律；指出在“B点”-“C点”之间有海底喷气活动存在“界线粘土层”为火山成因。“C点”附近点δ13Cδ18O负异常与大量生物活动有关，而非“灾变”所致。     

云南梅树村前寒武系-寒武系界线剖面硅同位素研究

云南梅树村前寒武系-寒武系界线剖面是研究前寒武系-寒武系界线层型最重要的国际候选剖面之一。本文首次系统地研究了硅同位素在剖面中的变化规律,指出“C”点附近“界线粘土层”为火山成因,“B”点至“C”点之间有海底喷气活动;“C”点附近的δ~(13)C,δ~(18)O负异常与生物大量活动有关,而非“灾变”所致。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861