积极开展行业自律建立工程咨询设计行业和谐新秩序(摘要)

《中共中央关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》指出，要“发挥各类社会组织提供服务、反映诉求、规范行为的作用”，“发挥行业协会、学会、商会等社会团体的社会功能，为经济社会发展服务”。自律是政府和社会赋予行业协会的神圣职责，也是行业协会应该向政府和社会作出的郑重承诺。中国电力规划设计协会始终紧紧围绕行业实际，坚持“以会员为本、强化服务、求真务实”的工作方针，积极开展行业自律工作，得到了广大会员单位的认同，在行业内外树立了良好形象。开展行业自律工作，我们有以下几点做法和体会。[第一段]     

国土资源部加强地勘行业管理与服务

国土资源部发布《关于加强地质勘查行业管理的通知》（国土资发[2006）288号），全面加强对地质勘查的行业管理与服务，调动勘查单位的找矿积极性。2007年主要措施有：加强行业状况调研，摸清行业状况，建立行业情况通报制度，进一步协调国有地勘单位有关优惠政策的落实。     

关于设计行业人才流动问题

本文针对勘察设计行业改制过程中人才流动问题，经调查研究分析，提出了在当前形势下解决这些问题的几点建议，供大家参考。     

水文行业信息化研究

水文学是地球科学的一个分支，水文事业是社会公共信息服务系统的一个部分，作为学科研究的水文，随着信息技术的发，拓展了它的研究内涵，而为社会提供公共信息服务的水文，需要利用信息手段来实现其现代化，水文行业信息化的重点是应用智能化的化的技术和工具来提高信息务的水平，以形成承担支撑社会信息化的历史重任的能力。     

推广建设新技术促进行业技术进步

湖南省建设厅坚持以经济建设为中心，认真落实科学发展观，转变建设经济增长方式，加强科技成果推广工作，提高建设经济的技术含量，促进了建设行业的技术进步和建设事业的大发展。     

化工地质行业改革的思考

本文简要介绍了化工地质队伍前一阶段的改革，经验和实效，主要对深化改革中遇到的几个问题提出个人的粗浅看法并进行了探讨。     

爱普生助力GIS行业巡展 共创行业应用新局面

近日，爱普生携行业专用大幅面打印机全程参与了由中国地理信息系统协会、教育部地理信息系统软件及其应用工程研究中心、中地数码集团主办的“GIS大众化应用研讨会暨MAPGIS新品推介会”，这次全国、专业性的盛会将在全国10多个重要城市展开巡展、推介的活动。     

福建石材行业的现状及前景展望

石材行业的发展带动了石材加工机械和超硬材料行业的发展。与此同时也出现了一些问题，其中对锯片问题进行了重点阐述，并提出了金刚石锯片厂家的主攻目标和方向。     

行业基金项目过程管理的整体优化

本文从系统优化的角度，结合本校地质行业基金管理工作的实践，从科研选题，项目执行，项目结题及成果应用等各个管理要素的优化，论述了地质行业基金项目过程管理的整体优化，以发挥管理工作的整体功能和效应。     

我国地勘行业的集约化问题

我国地勘行业的集约化问题翁金明（山西地质矿产勘查开发局）０引言党的十三大报告指出：我国工业发展“归根到底就是从粗放经营为主逐步转上集约经营为主的道路”。这是现代经济发展的一条普遍规律，尤其对资源约束型国家来说更是必由之路。而对于地质勘查业是否有向集约...     

南秦岭下地壳组成及岩石圈的拆离俯冲作用

根据新提供的Pb同位素组成及岩石地球化学研究成果，本文进一步证实了位于北秦岭北界的明港地区发育的早中生代安山玄武质火山角砾岩岩筒所携带的下地壳捕虏体属于南秦岭。所恢复的南秦岭下地壳剖面自下而上为：底侵成因的变辉长岩-基性麻粒岩(其中含有榴辉岩及辉石岩的透镜体)-酸性麻粒岩。秦岭造山带总体的岩石因模型为：南秦岭(扬子块体)向北拆离俯冲，北秦岭地壳向华北仰冲，华北岩石因呈楔状插入秦岭造山带，拆离面约在中、下地壳之间。南秦岭俯冲岩片延伸的范围在平面上有可能达到400km。     

青藏高原综合观测研究站的回顾与展望

中国科学院青藏高原综合观测研究站从１９８８年建站到１９９８年以来,在各个方面均取得了长足的发展,横向生产性项目的开展和完成不仅解决了部队和地方的实际问题,而且缓和了观测研究站在运行过程中所面临的经费严重不足的问题,同时也为我所冻土专业研究人员提供了在生产中实践的机会,在基础理论研究方面,承担了国家攀登计划项目,国家基金项目,中国科学院重点项目和中国科学院冰冻圈专项项目等的研究工作,在多年冻土变化,     

铀钍的地球化学及对地壳演化和生物进化的影响

本文论述了在含挥发份和贫挥发份条件下Ｕ、Ｔｈ的迁移行为及其对地球和行星演化的影响,并阐述了造成地球独特地质演化历史的原因。提出了Ｕ、Ｔｈ在地球中的迁移模式以及该模式对地壳形成、演化的控制作用和对生物发展演化的可能影响。     

Principles of spatial organization and evolution of the biosphere and the noosphere

In his last lifetime essay, “A Few Words about the Noosphere”, Academician V.I. Vernadsky (1944) wrote that all living organisms on the planet, including man, are integral to the biosphere of the Earth, its material and energy structure and cannot be physically independent of it even for a minute. However, the substrate that generates all living beings and is no less tightly bound to the biosphere has always been characterized by a significant geochemical heterogeneity, traced both in the vertical and in the lateral structure of all geospheres.

The present work is devoted to three most important aspects of modern geochemistry and biogeochemistry:

• — evolution of the ecological and geochemical state of the environment under conditions of a virgin (anthropogenically untouched) biosphere;
• — structural features of the geochemical organization of the modern noosphere;
• — specificity of the interaction of living matter with the environment under increasing anthropogenic load.

On the basis of theoretical concepts of biogeochemistry and geochemical ecology, formulated in the works of V.I. Vernadsky, A.P. Vinogradov, A.E. Fersman, B.B. Polynov, A.I. Perel’man, M.A. Glazovskaya, V.V. Kovalsky, E. Odum, B. Commoner, E.I. Kolchinskii and others, the author puts forward a hypothesis that there exist two qualitatively different stages in the evolution of the biosphere.The first stage is recognized as the period of natural evolution of the biosphere during which it evolves successively into a more complex and more biogeochemically specialized object. In the course of the geological time, this constantly results, on the one hand, in an increase in species diversity and the perfection of individual species, and, on the other hand, to directed improvement and a greater differentiation of the geochemical conditions of the environment. At this stage, the evolution of all systems of the biosphere that were controlled by the mechanisms of self-organization and self-regulation resulted in the establishment of a dynamic equilibrium, which was responsible for the cycling of all essential chemical elements and therefore providing ecologically optimal geochemical conditions in all ecological niches and for all species and biocenoses inhabiting the biosphere at any given moment.The beginning of the second stage is related to the appearance of reason and qualitative changes in the biosphere caused by the goal-directed activity of the human mind, as an entirely new geological force that appeared to be able not only to disrupt the functioning of natural mechanisms of self-regulation and selforganization, but also to transform the environment in the intersts of a single biological species, Homo sapiens. A direct consequence of this change was the uncontrolled transformation of the natural environment, during which the primary structure (geochemical background) created in the course of billions of years was eventually superimposed by a qualitatively new layer of anthropogenically-derived chemical elements and compounds, thus building an interference pattern of a new geochemical field with which practically all modern living organisms are now forced to interact.An outstanding feature of the new evolutionary stage of the natural environment, called by Vernadsky the noosphere, is that biogeochemical changes at this stage proceed at a rate which exceeds that required for the living matter to adapt to these changes. The result is the disruption of the existing parameters of the biological cycle, leading to the emergence of a significant number of endemic diseases of geochemical nature.The proposed approach was used to prove the anthropogenic genesis of existing geochemical endemic diseases and explain the mechanisms of their appearance. In addition, this approach allowed us to develop a new methodology for mapping zones of ecological and geochemical risk and noticeably simplify the procedure of monitoring distribution and prevention of all diseases of geochemical nature.     

Wavelets and the Generalization of the Variogram

The experimental variogram computed in the usual way by the method of moments and the Haar wavelet transform are similar in that they filter data and yield informative summaries that may be interpreted. The variogram filters out constant values; wavelets can filter variation at several spatial scales and thereby provide a richer repertoire for analysis and demand no assumptions other than that of finite variance. This paper compares the two functions, identifying that part of the Haar wavelet transform that gives it its advantages. It goes on to show that the generalized variogram of order k=1, 2, and 3 filters linear, quadratic, and cubic polynomials from the data, respectively, which correspond with more complex wavelets in Daubechies's family. The additional filter coefficients of the latter can reveal features of the data that are not evident in its usual form. Three examples in which data recorded at regular intervals on transects are analyzed illustrate the extended form of the variogram. The apparent periodicity of gilgais in Australia seems to be accentuated as filter coefficients are added, but otherwise the analysis provides no new insight. Analysis of hyerpsectral data with a strong linear trend showed that the wavelet-based variograms filtered it out. Adding filter coefficients in the analysis of the topsoil across the Jurassic scarplands of England changed the upper bound of the variogram; it then resembled the within-class variogram computed by the method of moments. To elucidate these results, we simulated several series of data to represent a random process with values fluctuating about a mean, data with long-range linear trend, data with local trend, and data with stepped transitions. The results suggest that the wavelet variogram can filter out the effects of long-range trend, but not local trend, and of transitions from one class to another, as across boundaries.     

Palaeoecology and the origin of the coconut

While botanists, archaeologists, historians and linguists have contributed to the debate on the origin of the coconut pollen analysts have been silent. This article attempts to integrate the results of recent palaeoecological research with findings from the other disciplines.     

共和盆地层状地貌系统与青藏高原隆升及黄河发育

利用卫星遥感影像,结合实地调查和测年结果,对共和盆地层状地貌系统进行了解译、分析。研究表明,共和盆地层状地貌系统由山麓剥蚀面、洪积扇面、盆地面以及黄河阶地面构成,其空间结构、物质组成对发生于早更新世早期的青藏运动C幕和中更新世末期的共和运动反映清晰。青藏运动C幕使青藏高原主夷平面在高原差异性隆升中彻底解体,垂直变形量高达1700m。共和运动使黄河在0.11Ma进入共和盆地,其后黄河平均以3.5mm/a的侵蚀速率下切盆地,同时在盆地边部的山前古冲洪积扇以大致相近的速率被抬升,最终导致高差在2000m左右的层状地貌系统的出现。