Univ.-Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. (Göttingen) Dr. h. c. (Wien) Inhaber der Gustav-Steinmann-Medaille Bruno Sander

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

黄汲清与中国大地构造研究

本文概述了黄汲清的中国大地构造经典著作——《中国主要地质构造单位》的基本内容和写作基础;阐述了黄汲清及其科学集体的治学风格和工作方法,强调野外地质调查的重要性,突出用新的科学理念和事实,与时俱进不断发展大地构造学。指出大地构造学已从研究地球表层地壳构造、岩石圈构造,进入用地球系统观研究地球整体多圈层构造的新阶段。     

Dietary overlap between invasion ctenophora (M. leidyi ) and anchovy (C. engrauliformis) in the southern parts of Caspian Sea

Mnemiopsis leidyi, native to America, Invaded the Caspian Sea in 1999. By the end of 2000, the entire sea was accupied with them. In parallel, a sharp decline in pelagic fish such accurrred.This survey was studied the relationship between the M. leidyi and this decline. Dietary analysis was conducted on anchovy sprat (Clupeonnela engrauliformis) and M. leidyi from August 2001 to October 2002 in the coastal water in the southern parts of Caspian Sea, in Iran. M. leidyi was caught by plankton net, (the mesh size ～5 mm), at three depth at 5, 10 and 15m. Sprat was caught by fisheries boat at Babolasar fishery harbor. Samples were not fixed in M. leidyi common fixative, 96% Ethanol were used. The Schoener index analysis reflected a similar diet composition of both species, with an critical level of overlap (>89 in Babolsar samples and >84 in Noushahar samples). This competition is one of the reasons for the decline of anchovy sprat. also, the results show M. leidyi is feeding on fish eggs, but effects of this factor on anchovy population is less than feeding competition. Controlling of M. leidyi population is reducing the pressure of its invasion and the effective approach is introduces a predator to the Caspian Sea.