安徽庐枞盆地枞阳地区玄武质火山岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

庐枞盆地是长江中下游成矿带重要的矿集区之一,枞阳地区玄武质火山岩位于庐枞盆地中部。通过对枞阳地区玄武质火山岩进行岩石地球化学特征研究,探讨其源区性质及玄武质岩浆的演化过程。该区玄武质火山岩贫硅、富碱、低钛、低Mg^#值,属于钾玄质系列岩石; 稀土元素总量较高,具有LREE富集的右倾型稀土元素配分模式,有较弱的负Eu异常; 岩石富集Rb、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,Nb、Ta负异常。在岩石圈拉张作用下,枞阳地区富集岩石圈地幔发生部分熔融,形成的玄武质原始岩浆经历了地壳混染和分离结晶作用,沿区域深大断裂上侵,快速上升至地表,形成玄武质火山岩。     

甘肃永昌北海子镁铁-超镁铁质岩体岩石学、地球化学及年代学研究

阿拉善地块西南缘的北海子岩体由橄榄辉长岩、辉长辉绿岩、闪长岩相组成。岩体中含矿岩相为橄榄辉长岩,存在大量的硫化物珠滴,硫化物主要由磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿与黄铜矿组成,指示岩浆深部发生过硫化物不混溶作用。岩石地球化学数据显示北海子岩体属于铁质超基性岩(m/f=2.32~5.01),富集轻稀土元素,具有明显的Nb、Ta负异常;负εNd(t)值与高(87Sr/86Sr)i值证明岩浆源区为富集型岩石圈地幔,同位素与微量元素比值都指示岩浆在上升过程中受到了明显的上地壳物质混染。橄榄辉长岩中单颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为(374±4)Ma,结合区域地质研究,北海子岩体可能形成于陆内造山后伸展环境,与岩石圈地幔拆沉和对应的软流圈物质上涌有关,由富集型岩石圈地幔部分熔融产生的玄武质岩浆侵位形成。     

云南哀牢山-红河断裂带南段新生代富碱斑岩岩石成因和地质意义

在青藏高原东南缘和扬子克拉通西缘,哀牢山-红河断裂带南段,产出了一些新生代富碱斑岩,本文选择绿春-金平一带的三类斑岩进行了年代学、地球化学和岩石成因研究,试图为研究区的壳幔相互作用和哀牢山-红河断裂带的关联提供新证据。研究区出露的三类富碱斑岩及其锆石U-Pb年龄分别是花岗斑岩(34.36±0.39Ma)、石英二长斑岩(35.48±0.39Ma)和正长斑岩(35.36±0.43Ma)。三类岩石的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值分别是-6.4～+2.6、-1.5～+3.6和-3.1～+1.0。三类岩石具有相似的微量元素、稀土元素和同位素特征,具有富集大离子亲石元素、轻重稀土分馏强烈、亏损Nb、Ta和Ti等高场强元素的特征,具有弱的Eu负异常,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值为0.7067～0.7078,ε_(Nd)(t)为-3.8～-3.7。花岗斑岩和石英二长斑岩都来源于加厚的铁镁质下地壳,但正长斑岩来源于交代富集的岩石圈地幔,源区的富集可能是新元古代和晚古生代大洋俯冲交代导致的,印度与欧亚大陆的持续汇聚导致哀牢山-红河断裂带下部地壳和岩石圈地幔的增厚,在35Ma左右三江地区应力转变引起了岩石圈地幔的拆沉,使得软流圈上涌引起下地壳和岩石圈地幔的部分熔融,然后岩浆沿着地壳裂隙上涌和侵位,形成不同类型的富碱斑岩。     

青海东昆仑拉浪麦钨多金属矿区英云闪长岩锆石U-Pb测年、岩石地球化学及找矿意义

拉浪麦钨多金属矿位于青海东昆仑东段察汗乌苏河地区,是近年新发现的矽卡岩型矿床。本文对矿区与成矿关系密切的英云闪长岩进行了详细的岩相学、年代学和地球化学研究,为东昆仑原特提斯岩浆构造演化提供新的约束。笔者利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得拉浪麦英云闪长岩加权平均年龄为421.5±5.0 Ma(n=21,MSWD=0.34),厘定其形成时代为顶志留世。岩石地球化学研究表明,英云闪长岩为弱过铝质低钾拉斑—钙碱性系列岩石,成因为Ⅰ型花岗岩类型。岩石明显富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Sr、K)、活泼的不相容元素(如U、Th)和Pb,相对亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、P、Ti)。Rb/Sr、Nb/Ta特征反映出岩石具壳幔混合岩浆的特点。结合东昆仑地区已有年代学资料和区域地质构造演化特征,认为拉浪麦英云闪长岩形成于原特提斯构造旋回的后碰撞阶段。综合分析认为加里东晚期也是东昆仑地区一个重要的多金属成矿期,在今后的找矿工作中应引起足够的重视。     

辽东桓仁西部古元古代侵入岩年代学及岩石地球化学

华北克拉通东部辽东地区出露古元古代侵入岩,为准确认识辽东地区古元古代构造演化过程,选取北沟岩体、正岔岩体和树柳林子岩体的岩相学、岩石地球化学及年代学特征,探讨了岩体的形成时代、岩石成因及其构造环境。锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年代学研究表明,柳林子岩体年龄为(2 490±8) Ma,北沟岩体年龄为(2 457±11) Ma。北沟岩体高硅富钾,富集Rb、U、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等高场强元素,为过铝质高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,Nb/Ta平均值5. 75,Rb/Nb平均值4. 21,源于太古宙古老地壳的部分熔融;正岔岩体高硅富钾,富集Rb、Ba、U、Th、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等高场强元素,为弱过铝质高钾钙碱性A型花岗岩,Nb/Ta平均值16. 06,Rb/Nb平均值4. 81,源区可能由幔源岩浆底侵带来的热量加热地壳,导致其重熔并与之混合后形成的。柳林子岩体为变质角闪辉长岩,呈亚碱性,富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、P等高场强元素,显示其岩浆可能形成于受陆壳微弱混染的软流圈地幔或岩石圈地幔。认为研究区古元古代侵入岩形成于东、西陆块碰撞拼合后的后造山挤压向板内伸展转换的构造环境,为构造体质转换的产物。     

东昆仑阿克楚克塞地区辉长岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

东昆仑地区基性-超基性岩石的研究较薄弱,缺乏对东昆仑幔源岩浆活动及岩浆演化的整体认识。对阿克楚克塞辉长岩进行了地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究,结果显示,该岩石形成于晚三叠世早期(219.3±1.1Ma,MSWD=0.80);岩石SiO2含量为49.03%~57.26%,Mg#值为49~57,属于钙碱性系列岩石;稀土元素配分曲线为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti;εHf(t)=-1.81~3.25,锆石Hf模式年龄大于锆石结晶年龄。地球化学特征显示,阿克楚克塞辉长岩岩浆源区应为受俯冲板片流体交代的岩石圈地幔。结合区域构造背景分析,阿克楚克塞辉长岩形成于印支期造山后伸展的构造环境,继承了早期板片俯冲改造的地幔源区特征。     

新疆东昆仑达拉库岸镁铁-超镁铁质岩体年代学、地球化学及成矿条件

达拉库岸镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于东昆仑造山带南带之喀拉米兰晚古生代沟弧系,主要由二辉橄榄岩、单辉橄榄岩、橄榄二辉岩、单辉辉石岩和辉长岩组成。辉长岩的锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为244.4±1.5Ma,属于中三叠世。岩石普遍弱富集稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr),亏损不相容元素(Nb、Ta)。岩体原生岩浆为高镁拉斑玄武质岩浆(Mg O 11.4%,Fe O10.8%)。元素地球化学和Nd、Sr同位素组成特征表明岩浆源区为富集岩石圈地幔,岩浆运移和侵位过程中遭受不同程度地壳物质的同化混染作用。依据橄榄石组分模拟获得橄榄石结晶过程中母岩浆达到硫饱和,并发生硫化物的熔离作用。从岩体特征、矿石结构、原生岩浆性质、深部硫化物熔离和物探信息等方面综合分析,岩体具有形成岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床的良好条件。     

吉林省兰家金矿南泉眼闪长岩U-Pb年代学和地球化学特征

南泉眼闪长岩是兰家矽卡岩型金矿的成矿岩体,研究程度极低.通过岩石地球化学和LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年代学研究,讨论了岩石成因、来源和构造背景.研究表明,南泉眼闪长岩为准铝质的钙碱性岩石;岩石明显富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、K、Sr)、活泼的不相容元素(如Th、U)和轻稀土元素,相对亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Ti、P)和重稀土元素,具有明显的负Eu异常,Nb/Ta、La/Nb、Th/La比值显示岩石具壳源特征,Al2O3+MgO+FeOt图解显示岩浆具弧型活动大陆边缘特征.闪长岩岩浆锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb加权平均年龄为170.21±0.73Ma(MSWD=0.14);谐和年龄值为170.21±0.39Ma(MSWD=0.018),为中侏罗世.成岩构造背景为燕山早期太平洋板块俯冲引起大陆弧伸展和岩石圈减薄,软流圈物质上涌、底侵提供热动力,不成熟下地壳物质部分熔融形成南泉眼闪长岩.     

青海省东昆仑大水沟金矿英云闪长岩锆石U-Pb测年、岩石地球化学及其找矿意义

大水沟金矿位于东昆仑中段,目前矿区西部共圈定金矿(化)体9条,结合化探异常和区域地质背景对比,认为该区具有良好的找矿前景。本文利用LA-MC-ICPMS锆石U-Pb定年技术,首次获得与金矿成矿有密切关系的英云闪长岩加权平均年龄为(239.5±0.9)Ma,厘定为中三叠世;岩石地球化学研究表明,英云闪长岩为钙碱性系列岩石,轻稀土富集,轻重稀土分馏明显,具弱的负铕异常,岩体明显富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K)、活泼不相容元素Th、轻稀土元素和Pb,相对亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti),Rb/Sr、Nb/Ta等特征反映出岩石具有壳幔混合岩浆的特点。结合东昆仑地区已有的年代学资料、岩石地球化学和区域地质构造演化分析,本文认为英云闪长岩形成构造环境为俯冲阶段;俯冲作用促进了幔源流体的运移,在构造有利部位沉淀形成金矿。     

冈底斯东段古新世朱拉岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学特征

朱拉岩体位于冈底斯带东部,主要由黑云母二长花岗岩组成,其中发育闪长质包体,二者呈渐变过渡关系。3件寄主岩石LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值分别为64.6Ma±0.8Ma、64.3Ma±0.8Ma和63.9Ma±0.5Ma,含776Ma的继承岩浆锆石。1件闪长质包体样品年龄加权平均值为66.1Ma±0.3Ma。闪长质包体低Si,中Mg(Mg﹟平均41.1),属铝质高钾钙碱性系列,Nb/Ta值为22,Sr/Y值为3.69,稀土元素分馏较低,LREE/HREE平均值为1.92,Eu强烈亏损,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、U、Th),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti),暗示岩浆成分主要为幔源。寄主岩石富Si、K,贫P,属铝质—偏铝质钙碱性—高钾钙碱性系列,Nb/Ta值15.9,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、K、Th),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ba、P、Ti),具有活动陆缘钙碱性岩系的微量元素分布特征。寄主岩石与闪长质包体具有密切的成生联系,闪长岩形成于富集俯冲带组分的地幔熔体,在上升过程中混染了一定量的壳源物质结晶分异产物,寄主岩石则为底侵作用产生的大量壳源熔体与少量幔源熔体混合并发生一定程度分离结晶后的产物。结合前人的研究成果,认为古新世朱拉岩体与雅鲁藏布江大洋的向北消减有关。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861