大佛寺井田构造对煤层气井产能的控制机理

以大佛寺井田构造和演化特征为基础,结合地面煤层气开发实际情况,分析了构造与煤层气井产能的关系,探讨了构造演化和构造对煤层气井产能的控制机理。研究表明:大佛寺井田煤层气井产能与构造部位密切相关。产气好的直井基本位于主体构造背斜的轴部附近和次级构造向斜的轴部附近;产气差的直井位于主体构造向斜的轴部附近和次级构造背斜的轴部附近。井田主体构造祁家背斜轴部附近煤储层较好的渗透性和次级构造向斜轴部附近煤储层较好的含气性共同控制了井田煤层气井的高产区。建议后期井位部署首选次级构造向斜轴部和主体构造背斜轴部相互重叠的区域。     

某锡矿区矽卡岩形成过程的特征

锡矿区位于某中生代拗陷带内。区内三迭纪地层(以石灰岩为主,白云岩次之)广泛发育,并普遍受到不同程度褶曲作用。锡矿区一级褶皱构造有背斜与向斜,褶皱轴方向为北东。一级背斜构造又为次一级背斜构造(走向北西)所复杂化。同时在隐伏花岗岩体之     

驼背山锑矿床地质特征及成矿机理浅析

驼背山锑矿床赋存于武宁-新柘林复式向斜南翼之次级驼背山背斜的西端轴部及北翼,矿床受构造、岩性、岩浆岩、水文等综合条件控制。矿体呈层状、似层状、扁豆状产于沿次级背斜轴部及附近两翼展布的层间硅化破碎带内。通过对成矿物质来源、水源及热源,成矿地质、成矿物理、化学等进行分析、推断,其形成经历了多期次、多阶段的构造运动和地热事件,在一定的构造、岩浆岩、岩性、地热、水文等地质条件和一定物理、化学条件下形成的。该矿床类型为地热流体型锑矿床。     

贵州梵净山黑湾河钨锡矿床地球化学特征及其成因探讨

一、矿床地质 贵州梵净山黑湾河钨锡矿床位于新华夏系内的马鬃岭——梵净山——老岭多字型构造体系的主干构造——梵净山穹状背斜的近轴部位,受北东东向的铜厂复向斜近近轴部位与南北向     

图们市银洞子铅锌矿床地质特征及成因探讨

介绍了银洞子铅锌矿床成矿背景、矿体的空间赋存规律及特征。分析了地层、岩浆和构造控矿因素,即矿化围岩为大理岩、硅质大理岩及角岩;矿化与燕山期侵入岩有关;大部分矿化均赋存在背斜、向斜的轴部及其附近。区内硫同位素具有较好的均一性,反映了矽卡岩型矿床硫同位素的特征。认为该矿床为矽卡岩型矿床,矿区内的细脉浸染型及热液充填型矿化的出现是较晚期中温热液活动叠加的结果。     

塘桥—妙桥地区长兴灰岩沉积相初步分析

<正> 近几年,在苏南张家港市塘桥—妙桥地区进行勘探,发现长兴组石灰岩(简称长兴灰岩)厚度变化极大、岩性差异悬殊,在小范围内变化如此之大,实属罕见(图1、2)。勘探区由塘桥背斜及其两侧的鹿苑向斜、妙桥向斜构成主要构造格架,走向北东50—60°。长兴灰岩分布于背斜两翼及向斜核部,背斜轴部已被剥蚀。上覆地层为青龙群,下伏地层为龙     

沁水盆地南端煤层气赋存的构造条件分析

本文通过对沁水盆地区域构造背景分析,沁水盆地南端构造型式分析和赋气构造类型分析,笔者总结出沁水盆地南端煤层气赋存的构造条件为：①位于稳定克拉通之上、后期构造变形较弱的向斜盆地的环状斜坡带,有利于煤层气的生成和聚集;②位于环状斜坡带上,由断裂构造所围限的区块,是煤层气富集的有利地区;③在有利区块内,次级宽缓型向斜是主要的赋气构造,背斜翼部是次要的赋气构造,背斜轴部不利于煤层气赋存,伸展型正断层是导气构造．     

褶皱构造地球化学几个问题初论

近年来,构造地球化学、构造成岩成矿作用、岩石和矿床的多因复成作用,以及褶皱构造与成岩成矿关系的研究,都表明褶皱构造地球化学是一个值得研究的重要课目。顾名思义,褶皱构造地球化学任务,是研究褶皱构造与物质分布(如元素的分布、迁移、富集等)之间的时空关系、规律性及其形成机理。 1 褶皱构造的一般应力场特征一般来说,褶皱的凸起部分受到张力,凹的部分受到压力,中间则为一中和面。而在翼部,则受剪切作用力十分强烈。因而在背斜顶部和向斜凹部可分出明显的拉伸带和压缩带,翼部为强剪切作用带。由于向斜所处围压较大,故拉伸带和压缩带的应力差要比背斜部分的     

藏北羌塘盆地褶皱形变研究

羌塘盆地由于受多期构造活动的影响形成多个构造层,不同构造层的变形特征存在明显差异。其中三叠纪构造层多形成一些紧闭倒转的小型背、向斜褶皱,侏罗纪构造层内多发育大型宽缓的背、向斜及复背斜、复向斜,而白垩纪—新近纪构造层多位于向斜核部和背斜翼部,形成宽缓的褶曲。褶皱变形以近东西向为主,从老到新不同构造层形成的褶皱由紧闭到宽缓,存在一定的继承性和递进叠加的特点。褶皱轴迹的空间展布及变形特点表明不同时期板块的拼合挤压是导致盆地变形的主要驱动力,基底断裂及基底凸凹变化对褶皱的展布和变形有一定程度的控制和影响。     

桂林市褶皱构造对岩溶塌陷的控制作用

对桂林市褶皱构造的几何形态、应力状态及裂隙发育特征研究表明,背(向)斜的轴(核)部、倾伏端(扬起端)及指状分叉钳口处是岩溶塌陷发育的有利构造部位.本区654个岩溶塌陷,近20%发生在剥蚀深度不大且地势低洼的背斜轴部、倾伏端、指状分叉钳口处,以及埋藏深度较浅的向斜核部和扬起端.市区东西两侧近SN向的尧山背斜和塘家湾背斜等,控制了本区岩溶塌陷总的水文构造环境.     

Geochronology and stable isotope signature of alteration related to hydrothermal magnetite ores in Central Anatolia,Turkey

Hydrothermal iron ores at Divri?i, east Central Anatolia, are contained in two orebodies, the magnetite-rich A-kafa and the limonitic B-kafa (resources of 133.8 Mt with 56% Fe and 0.5% Cu). The magnetite ores are hosted in serpentinites of the Divri?i ophiolite at the contact with plutons of the Murmano complex. Hydrothermal biotite from the Divri?i A-kafa yield identical weighted mean plateau ages of 73.75?±?0.62 and 74.34?±?0.83 Ma (2σ). This biotite represents a late alteration phase, and its age is a minimum age for the magnetite ore. Similar magnetite ores occur at Hasançelebi and Karakuz, south of Divri?i. There, the iron ores are hosted in volcanic or subvolcanic rocks, respectively, and are associated with a voluminous scapolite ± amphibole ± biotite alteration. At Hasançelebi, biotite is intergrown with parts of the magnetite, and both minerals formed coevally. The weighted mean plateau ages of hydrothermal biotite of 73.43?±?0.41 and 74.92?±?0.39 Ma (2σ), therefore, represent mineralization ages. Hydrothermal biotite from a vein cutting the scapolitized host rocks south of the Hasançelebi prospect has a weighted mean plateau age of 73.12?±?0.75 Ma (2σ). This age, together with the two biotite ages from the Hasançelebi ores, constrains the minimum age of the volcanic host rocks, syenitic porphyry dikes therein, and the scapolite alteration affecting both rock types. Pyrite and calcite also represent late hydrothermal stages in all of these magnetite deposits. The sulfur isotope composition of pyrite between 11.5 and 17.4‰ δ³⁴S_(VCDT) points towards a non-magmatic sulfur source of probably evaporitic origin. Calcite from the Divri?i deposit has δ¹⁸O_(VSMOV) values between +15.1 and +26.5‰ and δ¹³C_(VPDB) values between ?2.5 and +2.0‰, which are compatible with an involvement of modified marine evaporitic fluids during the late hydrothermal stages, assuming calcite formation temperatures of about 300°C. The presence of evaporite-derived brines also during the early stages is corroborated by the pre-magnetite scapolite alteration at Divri?i, and Hasançelebi-Karakuz, and with paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstructions. The data are compatible with a previously proposed genetic model for the Divri?i deposit in which hydrothermal fluids leach and redistribute iron from ophiolitic rocks concomitant with the cooling of the nearby plutons.     

城门山及武山铜矿床的硫同位素研究

地质概况江西城门山矿床和武山矿床是长江中下游铁铜成矿带大冶-九江成矿亚带东南部位的两个与斑岩有成因关系的铜矿床。在地质构造上,前者处于九江-瑞昌东西向拗陷带中的长山-城门湖背斜倾伏端的北翼,后者处在横立山-黄桥向斜东端的北翼。两矿区的地层分布相似,主要是志留系至三叠系地层。其中,泥盆系上统五通组砂岩及石炭系中统黄龙组灰岩与矿床关系密切。     

广西武宣盘龙铅锌矿喷流沉积成矿作用:稀土元素和硫同位素证据

盘龙铅锌矿是桂中地区典型的大型铅锌矿床.文章系统地总结了该矿床的地质特征,初步提出了矿床的成因类型.研究结果表明:盘龙铅锌矿位于大瑶山西侧铅锌多金属成矿带南段,矿体顺层发育于下泥盆统上伦组白云岩中.矿床中发育层状、条纹-条带状构造、同沉积角砾岩和层间揉皱等,沉积特征明显,矿化与白云岩化、重晶石化及硅质岩关系比较密切.稀...     

Carbon and Oxygen Isotopic Characteristics of REE—Fluorocarbonate Minerals and Their Genetic Implications,Bayan Obo Deposit,Inner Mongloia,China

REE－fluorocarbonates as major REE minerals in the Bayan Obo deposit,the largest REE deposit in the world,were analyzed for their stable isotopic compositions,The δ^13 C and δ^18 O values of huanghoite,cebaite and bastnaesite from late-stage veins vary in the ranges of 7.8--4.0‰ and 6.7-9.4‰,respectively,These data are relatively similar to those of bastnaesites from banded ores:δ^13C-5.6--5.2‰ andδ^18O3.6-5.5‰.The REE fluorocarbonates from both late-staege veins and banded ores are characterized by lower δ^13 C and δ^18O values,especially the δ^18O values of bastnaesites from banded ores.Compared with them,the disseminated bastnaesits the dolomite-type ores possess rather highδ^13 C and δ^18O values,i.e.,-2.1-0.4‰ and 8.6-12.9‰ respectively.The high values are typical of the sedimentary host dolomite rocks as well as of the dolomite-type-ores.The carbon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of REE fluorocarbonate minerals provide new evidence for the hypothesis on the origin of Bayan Obo deposit-epigenetic hydrothermal metasomatism.     

The origin of the Maozu carbonate-hosted Pb–Zn deposit,southwest China: Constrained by C–O–S–Pb isotopic compositions and Sm–Nd isotopic age

The Maozu Pb–Zn deposit, located on the western margin of the Yangtze Block, southwest China, is a typical carbonate-hosted deposit in the Sichuan–Yunnan–Guizhou Pb–Zn metallogenic province with Pb + Zn reserves of about 2.0 million tonnes grading 4.15 wt.% Pb and 7.25 wt.% Zn. Its ore bodies are hosted in Sinian (635–541 Ma) Dengying Formation dolostone and show stratiform, vein and irregular textures. Ores are composed of sphalerite, galena, pyrite, calcite, dolomite, quartz and fluorite with massive, banded, disseminated and veined structures. The C–O–Sm–Nd isotopic compositions of hydrothermal calcites and S–Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides were analyzed to constrain the origin of the Maozu deposit. δ¹³C_PDB and δ¹⁸O_SMOW values of hydrothermal calcites range from −3.7‰ to −2.0‰ and +13.8‰ to +17.5‰, respectively, and plot near the marine carbonate rocks field in a plot of δ¹³C_PDB vs. δ¹⁸O_SMOW, with a negative correlation. It suggests that CO₂ in the hydrothermal fluids was mainly originated from marine carbonate rocks, with limited influence from sedimentary organic matter. δ³⁴S_CDT values of sulfides range from +9.9‰ to +19.2‰, similar to that of Cambrian to Triassic seawater sulfate (+15‰ to +35‰) and evaporate (+15‰ to +30‰) in the Cambrian to Triassic sedimentary strata. It suggests that reduced sulfur was derived from evaporate in sedimentary strata by thermo chemical sulfate reduction. Sulfides have low radiogenic Pb isotope compositions (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 18.129–18.375, ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 15.640–15.686 and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb = 38.220–38.577) that plot in the field between upper crust and the orogenic belt evolution curve in the plot of ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb vs. ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, and similar to that of age corrected Proterozoic basement rocks (Dongchuan and Kunyang Groups). This indicates that ore-forming metals were mainly derived from basement rocks. Hydrothermal calcite yields a Sm–Nd isotopic age of 196 ± 13 Ma, possibly reflecting the timing of Pb–Zn mineralization in the SYG province, younger than the Permian Emeishan mantle plume (∼260 Ma). All data combined suggests that hydrothermal fluids circulated through basement rocks where they picked up metals and migrated to surface, mixed with reduced sulfur-bearing fluids and precipitated metals. Ore genesis of the Maozu deposit is different from known magmatic–hydrothermal, Sedimentary Exhalative or Mississippi Valley-types, which maybe represent a unique ore deposit type, named as the SYG-type.     

滇西北兰坪盆地白秧坪多金属矿床成矿物质来源:C、H、O、S和Pb同位素制约

白秧坪多金属矿床位于滇西兰坪中—新生代沉积盆地中北部,是在著名的三江成矿带内新近发现的重要矿床之一。为确定该矿床成矿流体特征和成矿金属元素来源,对白秧坪多金属矿床开展了系统的C、H、O、S和Pb同位素地球化学研究。白秧坪多金属矿石硫化物δ34S为-5.6‰～11.2‰,具有兰坪盆地中—新生界蒸发岩硫酸盐的热化学还原性质;矿石与盆地中—新生界沉积岩铅同位素组成相似,成矿金属源于盆地沉积地层。成矿流体中水的δDV-SMOW=-122‰～-86‰,δ18OV-SMOW=-4.52‰～-15.34‰,为大气降水补给的盆地热卤水。研究区热液成矿早阶段白云石δ13CV-PDB=-3.4‰～0.5‰,δ18OV-SMOW=4.8‰～20.3‰,晚阶段方解石δ13CV-PDB=-3.1‰～0.5‰,δ18OV-SMOW=4.1‰～18.6‰,说明成矿流体中CO2来自盆地地层中灰岩的溶解。     

内蒙古赤峰市白音诺尔铅锌矿沉积喷流成因:地质和硫同位素证据

位于大兴安岭中段的内蒙古赤峰市白音诺尔铅锌矿产于二叠系黄岗梁组地层中,矿体分布受褶皱构造控制。矿体主要由层纹状、浸染状、块状构造矿石构成。矿区内矿化类型以层纹状、层状矿化为主,晚期为脉状矿化。矿床矿石硫化物硫同位素分析表明,早期矿化与晚期矿化具有不同的硫同位素特征：早期矿化硫化物的δ³⁴Ｓ值(平均-4.31‰)明显小于晚期矿化硫化物的δ³⁴Ｓ值(平均值为-1.83‰)。综合研究表明,白音诺尔铅锌矿是沉积喷流型铅锌矿床,受到燕山期岩浆热液活动叠加,主成矿期发生于二叠纪。     

塔什库尔干地区赞坎铁矿矿物学特征与成因

赞坎铁矿石西昆仑成矿带近年来新发现的一处超大型铁矿床,矿区内广泛出露古元古代布伦阔勒变质岩层,矿体主要赋存于布伦阔勒岩群角闪斜长片岩和黑云石英片岩内部,部分产于霏细岩与黑云石英片岩接触带内。矿床由Ⅰ~Ⅶ号矿体组成,其中Ⅰ号和Ⅲ号矿体为主要矿体。根据矿石组构、矿物共生关系等特征,成矿过程可划分为早期沉积期、中期变质期及晚期岩浆热液期3个成矿期,其中,岩浆热液期可进一步划分为矽卡岩阶段、热液改造阶段和硫化物阶段。早期沉积期磁铁矿呈微细粒他形晶结构,被变质期石英颗粒包裹,以较低含量的TFeO、MgO、MnO和较高含量的TiO2、Al2O3为特征;中期变质期磁铁矿分布于条带状矿石内,他形晶粒状结构,与早期相比,TFeO、MgO、MnO等含量相对升高而TiO2、Al2O3等含量相对降低;晚期岩浆热液期矽卡岩阶段磁铁矿分布于块状矿石内,自形晶粒状结构,以相对富TFeO、MgO、MnO而贫TiO2、Al2O3为特征;晚期热液改造阶段磁铁矿分布于浸染状矿石中,半自形-自形粒状结构、交代残余结构为主,TFeO、Al2O3、TiO2、MnO等含量变化较大。认为赞坎铁矿是沉积变质型铁矿床,遭受后期岩浆热液作用交代改造。     

Genesis of the Zhaokalong Fe-Cu Polymetallic Deposit at Yushu, China:Evidence from Ore Geochemistry and Fluid Inclusions

The ore types of the Zhaokalong Fe-Cu deposit are divided into two categories: sulfide-type and oxide-type. The sulfide-type ore include siderite ore, galena-sphalerite ore and chalcopyrite ore, whereas the oxide-type ore include magnetite ore and hematite ore. The ore textures and structures indicate that the Zhaokalong deposit is of the sedimentary-exhalative mineralization type. Geochemical analyses show that the two ore types have a high As, Sb, Mn, Co and Ni content. The REE patterns reveal an enrichment of the LREE compared to the HREE. Isotopic analysis of siderite ore reveal that the δ13CPDB ranges from 2.01 to 3.34 (‰) whereas the δ18O SMOW ranges from 6.96 to 18.95 (‰). The fluid inclusion microthermometry results indicate that homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in quartz range from 131 to 181℃, with salinity values of 1.06 to 8.04 wt% NaCl eq. The mineralizing fluid therefore belongs to the low temperature - low salinity system, with a mineralizing solution of a CO2-Ca2+(Na+, K+)-SO42-(F-, Cl-)-H2O system. The geochemical results and fluid inclusion data provide additional evidence that the Zhaokalong deposit is a sedex-type deposit that experienced two stages of mineralization. The sulfide mineralization probably occurred first, during the sedimentary exhalative process, as exhibited by the abundance of marine materials associated with the sulfide ores, indicating a higher temperature and relatively deoxidized oceanic depositional environment. After the main exhalative stage, hydrothermal activity was superimposed to the sulfide mineralization. The later stage oxide mineralization occurred in a low temperature and relatively oxidized environment, in which magmatic fluid circulation was dominant.     

Mineral and stable isotope compositions,phase equilibria and 40Ar–39Ar geochronology from the iron skarn deposit in Sangan,northeastern Iran

The Sangan iron skarn deposit is located on the eastern edge of the Sabzevar-Doruneh Magmatic Belt, northeastern Iran. Mineralization occurs at the contact between Eocene igneous rocks and Cretaceous carbonates. The silicate-dominant prograde skarn stage consists of garnet and clinopyroxene, whereas the retrograde stage is dominated by magnetite associated with minor hematite, phlogopite, pyrite, and chalcopyrite. Phase equilibria and mineral chemistry studies reveal that the skarn formed within a temperature range of ∼375° to 580 °C and that the mineralizing fluid evolved from a hot, low oxygen fugacity, alkaline fluid during the silicate-dominant stage to a fluid of relatively lower temperature and higher oxygen fugacity at the magnetite-dominant stage. The δ¹⁸O values of magnetite and garnet vary from +3.1 to +7.5‰ and +7.7 to +11.6‰, respectively. The calculated δ¹⁸O_H2O values of fluid in equilibrium with magnetite and garnet range from +9.8 to +11.1‰ and +10.1 to +14.8‰, respectively. These elevated δ¹⁸O_H2O values suggest interaction of magmatic water with ¹⁸O-enriched carbonates. The high δ³⁴S values (+10.6 to +17.0‰) of pyrite separates from the Sangan iron ore indicate that evaporites had an important role in the evolution of the hydrothermal fluid. Phlogopite separates from the massive ores yield ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages of 41.97 ± 0.2 and 42.47 ± 0.2 Ma, indicating that the skarn formation and associated iron mineralization was related to the oldest episode of magmatism in Sangan at ∼42 Ma. Eocene time marked a peak of magmatic activity and associated skarn in the post-collisional setting in northeastern Iran, whereas Oligo-Miocene magmatic activity and associated skarn in the Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Belt are related to subduction. In addition, skarn mineralization in northeastern and eastern Iran is iron type, but skarn mineralization in the Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt is copper – iron and copper type.