日照市区PM10污染物特征及其与气象要素的关系

对2002年1月1日～2002年12月31日日照市环境监测中心提供的PM10（可吸入颗粒物）日平均浓度资料和对应时段的日照市地面气象资料做了深入的分析，揭示了污染物PM10变化特征及其随气象要素的变化规律。同时分析了主要污染物PM10与地面风速、风向间的相关关系，发现日照市大于等于3级的PM10污染日均出现在1-4月，地面风速对污染物PM10浓度有一定影响，当地面风速超过5m／s时，3级及以上污染日很少出现，当地面风速超过6．5m／s时，随着风速的提高，污染物浓度呈下降趋势。污染物浓度呈明显的季节变化，冬、春季节明显高于夏、秋季节。     

沈阳空气质量时空变化

利用2000年3月至2002年4月20日沈阳市区5个大气自动监测子站的SO2、NO2和PM10资料分析了沈阳城市空气污染平均状况、时空分布特点及其与气象条件的关系，得出：（1）沈阳城市空气主要污染物年平均日值温度NO2达国家空气质量要求标准，空气质量状况属于良好范畴，而SO2和PM10超标，属于轻度污染；PM10为沈阳城市首要污染物；（2）沈阳城市空气污染冬季最重，其次是春季，夏季最轻；一天中08时和19时左右污染严重，15时和02时左右污染较轻；（3）近市中心区点（太原街，中街一带）空气污染相对重些，各区点空气污染状况差异冬季更为明显；（4）影响沈阳城市空气污染浓度变化的主要气象因子是温度、风速和风向。     

邯郸市可吸入颗粒物的污染现状及相关气象条件分析

利用邯郸市区4个代表站2006年逐时可吸入颗粒物PM10浓度监测资料和邯郸市观测站地面气象要素的逐时观测资料,分析了邯郸市主要空气污染物--PM10的时空分布特征,结果表明:PM10平均浓度采暖期明显大于非采暖期;日变化规律为上午浓度最高,夜间次之,下午浓度最低,采暖期为双峰双谷型,非采暖期为一峰一谷型;弱风、低温和潮湿的气象条件有利于可吸入颗粒物的积累,增加PM10浓度.     

2007—2011年春季呼和浩特市空气质量特征分析

文章对2007—2011年春季(3—5月)呼和浩特市逐日环境空气主要污染物SO2、NO2和PM10的日平均值进行了分析,得出可吸入颗粒物PM10是呼和浩特市近5a春季环境空气出现Ⅲ级(轻微污染)以上污染天气的唯一的首要污染物;在此基础上,对发生在2011年春季(3—5月)内蒙古中西部沙尘天气下,呼和浩特市同期首要空气污染物的变化做了分析,以期对今后呼和浩特市空气质量预报能提供一些参考。     

日照市区PM10污染物特征及其与气象要素的关系

对2002年1月1日-2002年12月31日日照市环境监测中心提供的PM₁₀(可吸入颗粒物)日平均浓度资料和对应时段的日照市地面气象资料做了深入的分析,揭示了污染物PM₁₀变化特征及其随气象要素的变化规律。同时分析了主要污染物PM₁₀与地面风速、风向间的相关关系,发现日照市大于等于3级的PM₁₀污染日均出现在1-4月,地面风速对污染物PM₁₀浓度有一定影响,当地面风速超过5m/s时,3级及以上污染日很少出现,当地面风速超过6.5m/s时,随着风速的提高,污染物浓度呈下降趋势。污染物浓度呈明显的季节变化,冬、春季节明显高于夏、秋季节。     

聊城市空气质量现状及污染原因分析

利用2013年10月至2014年9月山东省聊城市大气主要污染物监测数据,分析了各种污染物的时空分布特征及其对空气污染的贡献,探讨了聊城市大气污染的成因。结果表明:2013年10月至2014年9月聊城市轻度污染以上的空气质量日数所占比例高达70.0%,大气中SO2、NO2、CO、PM2.5和PM10浓度季节变化规律明显,即冬季各种污染物浓度远高于夏季。日首要污染物以PM2.5和PM10出现日数最多,其次为SO2作为首要污染物在冬季出现偏多,臭氧8 h作为首要污染物在夏季出现相对较多。聊城市5种污染物对空气污染的影响程度从大到小依次为PM2.5PM10NO2COSO2,其中PM2.5与PM10分担率大幅高于其他3种污染物,说明聊城市大气污染属于可吸入颗粒物与细颗粒物主导的类型。相关分析发现,PM2.5和PM10具有来自相同或相似污染源的可能性,扬尘与化石燃料使用是PM2.5和PM10污染的主要成因。     

潮州市大气污染物与气象要素的关系

利用2006年潮州市地面气象观测资料和大气污染物浓度数据,分析了潮州市污染物的时空变化特征、污染物浓度月变化与气象要素变化关系以及污染典型日的气象因素。研究发现:潮州市的主要污染物为可吸入颗粒物(PM10),PM10全年的超标率为7.5%,空气质量夏半年优于冬半年;PM10污染物浓度月变化与地面气象要素有较高的相关性;在污染物典型日中,气象要素也是主要的影响因子。     

太原地区主要污染物污染的气象特征

选用2002年太原地区6个环境监测站主要污染物逐时浓度监测资料和山西省观象台逐时的气象观测资料,系统的统计分析了太原地区主要污染物浓度的时空分布特征,其中包括SO2和可吸入颗粒物PM10平均浓度的逐月变化、采暖期和非采暖期平均浓度的逐时变化,以及主要污染物浓度与地面常规气象要素的相关性。揭示了各代表站主要污染物污染的年、日变化趋势、采暖期和非采暖期日变化的差异,并分析了春季大风天气时PM10与SO2污染浓度的变化特征。     

潍坊市空气污染与气象条件的关系

利用2004年3月～2005年2月每日08时的潍坊市气象观测资料和环境监测资料,分析了空气污染物浓度与各种气象条件的关系,结果表明可吸入颗粒物PM10是潍坊市的主要污染物,污染物浓度有明显的季节变化,冬季高于夏季,各种污染物浓度与大雾、降水、风速等有明显的相关性.     

郑州市主要污染物污染特征及污染趋势分析

选用郑州市城郊7个代表站2006年可吸入颗粒物PM10、二氧化硫和二氧化氮等主要污染物逐日浓度监测资料,分析了郑州市这3种主要空气污染物的时空分布特征及其与气象条件的相关性,并利用2001-2006年均浓度资料分析了主要污染物浓度的变化趋势。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.