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GIS的应用与发展的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从网络GIS应用、移动GIS应用、虚拟GIS应用、GIS与RS集成的应用、GIS与GPS集成的应用等5个方面论述了当前GIS的应用,并对当前GIS软件的发展方向提出了一些看法 相似文献
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根据重大自然灾害应急监测与评估流程及应用示范功能需求,结合组件式GIS集成开发技术,基于JAVA和Microsoft.NET开发环境,GDAL开源框架,以Geobeans地图服务为基础,整合了Arc Engine平台,采用Postgres数据库设计并开发了重大自然灾害应急监测与评估应用示范系统。该系统实现了数据库分系统,数据处理与交换共享服务平台和计算机业务支撑平台,以及遥感减灾应用产品服务能力示范分系统、遥感灾害监测应用示范分系统、风险评估预警应用示范分系统、遥感灾情评估应用示范分系统、灾害应急保障应用示范分系统、天地一体化信息采集应用示范分系统等6个示范分系统的建设,并且完成了中央到示范省的部署和应用示范。实现了最大限度的信息和软、硬件资源共享,有效降低了卫星数据应用的门槛,提高了以环境减灾卫星为代表的国产卫星数据在减灾、交通等行业领域中的应用水平和利用率。 相似文献
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天宫一号高光谱成像仪遥感应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文重点介绍了天宫一号高光谱成像仪设计、特性、在轨运控支持、地面数据处理技术及应用研究等方面内容,其中高光谱数据的辐射纠正及系统几何校正的精度满足各应用需要,数据产品质量在遥感各个应用领域获得验证.大量用户利用天宫一号高光谱数据在国土资源、海洋、林业、城市环境监测、水文生态监测等方面开展了较好的应用研究工作,取得了一批有价值的应用成果.中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心作为载人航天空间应用系统的总体单位,负责天宫一号高光谱成像仪的总体研制管理、集成测试验证、在轨运行支持及应用研究的组织推广,为更好地发挥应用效益做出了积极的贡献. 相似文献
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Groundwater productivity-potential (GPP) was analysed using the data mining models of an artificial neural network (ANN) and a support vector machine (SVM) in Boryeong city, Korea. The groundwater-productivity data with specific capacity (SPC) is strongly related to hydrogeological factors, and hence the relation may allow for groundwater potential mapping from hydrogeological factors through the ANN and SVM models. A back-propagation algorithm was used for the ANN model while a polynomial kernel was adopted for the SVM model. For the validation of the GPP maps generated from the ANN and SVM models, the area-under-the-curve analysis was performed using the SPC values of well data. The accuracies achieved from the ANN and SVM models are about 83.57 and 80.83%, respectively. It proves that the ANN and SVM models will be highly conducive to developing useful groundwater resources. 相似文献
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采用均匀设计来安排遗传算子组合进行数值实验,研究了遗传算子对神经网络径流预报精度的影响。研究发现,输入模式对最终种群中个体的分布影响不明显,不同算子组合对其影响则明显得多。通过回归分析发现,采用不同算子组合优化神经网络初始权重径流预报精度差别较大,对未归一网络的优化效果较归一网络好,同时采用数据归一输入模式与遗传算法优化神经网络初始权重未产生叠加效果。 相似文献
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基于人工神经元网络技术的土地利用/覆盖变化探测 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
针对现有的一些土地利用/覆盖变化探测方法存在的某些不足,提出了利用人工神经元网络(antificial neural network,ANN)进行土地利用/覆盖变化探测的方法,并对ANN网络的输出输出,网络结构和不同的网络模型进行了深入研究,充分利用已有的基础地理信息和高分辨率遥感影像辅助选取了ANN训练样本,试验结果表明,利用ANN总体上可提高土地利用/覆盖变化探测效率。 相似文献
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Integrating cellular automata,artificial neural network,and fuzzy set theory to simulate threatened orchards: application to Maragheh,Iran 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Urbanization processes challenge the growth of orchards in many cities in Iran. In Maragheh, orchards are crucial ecological, economical, and tourist sources. To explore orchards threatened by urban expansion, this study first aims to develop a new model by coupling cellular automata (CA) and artificial neural network with fuzzy set theory (CA–ANN–Fuzzy). While fuzzy set theory captures the uncertainty associated with transition rules, the ANN considers spatial and temporal nonlinearities of the driving forces underlying the urban growth processes. Second, the CA–ANN–Fuzzy model is compared with two existing approaches, namely a basic CA and a CA coupled with an ANN (CA–ANN). Third, we quantify the amount of orchard loss during the last three decades as well as for the upcoming years up to 2025. Results show that CA–ANN–Fuzzy with 83% kappa coefficient performs significantly better than conventional CA (with 51% kappa coefficient) and CA–ANN (with 79% kappa coefficient) models in simulating orchard loss. The historical data shows a considerable loss of 26% during the last three decades, while the CA–ANN–Fuzzy simulation reveals a considerable future loss of 7% of Maragheh’s orchards in 2025 due to urbanization. These areas require special attention and must be protected by the local government and decision-makers. 相似文献
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A neural network based urban growth model of an Indian city 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
S. Maithani 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(3):363-376
The aim of the study reported in this paper is to demonstrate that the subjectivity in urban growth modeling and the calibration
time can be reduced by using objective techniques like Artificial neural network (ANN). As a case study, the ANN-based model
was applied to simulate the urban growth of Saharanpur city in India. In the proposed model, remote sensing and GIS were used
to generate site attributes, while ANN was used to reveal the relationships between urban growth potential and the site attributes.
Once ANN learnt the relationship, it was then used to simulate the urban growth. Different feed forward ANN architectures
were evaluated in this study and finally the most optimum ANN architecture was selected for future growth simulation.
The simulated urban growth maps were evaluated on a cell by cell matching using Kappa index and three spatial metrices namely,
Mean Patch Fractal Dimension, Landscape Shape Index and Percentage of like Adjacencies. The most optimal architecture was
then used subsequently for simulating the future urban growth. The study results thus, demonstrated that the ANN-based model
can objectively simulate urban growth, besides successfully coupling GIS, remote sensing and ANN. 相似文献
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基于人工神经网络的一类水域叶绿素—a浓度反演方法 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
介绍了一种基于人工神经网络的海中一类水域叶绿素反演方法。人工神经网络是3层的反向传输神经网络。其结构是输入层有4个节点,它们分别对应4个波段412m,443nm,490nm,510nm的遥感反射比与555nm波段遥感反射比的比值,隐含层有5个节点,输出层一个节点对应于叶绿素深度。该神经网络的训练和试验样本集来自SeaBAM的数据集。数据集中的919个站位的70%(644个)用于训练,30%(275个)用于测试。结果表明,该方法的精度优于被广泛采用的三次经验方法。 相似文献
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基于神经网络的地图数字注记识别 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
指出了地图自动识别系统中地图数字注记识别存在的困难,论证了利用神经网络技术解决这种困难的可能性,并通过一个含有2个隐藏层的BP网络,说明了这种技术用于地图数字注记识别的可行性。 相似文献
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基于双天线全球导航卫星系统反射技术(global navigation satellite system reflectometry,GNSS-R),建立了两个修正地表粗糙度影响的土壤湿度反演模型——解析模型和人工神经网络模型,并以GPS L1 C/A码为例建立了GNSS-R土壤湿度仿真平台,仿真分析了地表粗糙度对两个模型反演精确度的影响。结果表明,当地表均方根高度大于0.010 m时,必须对解析模型进行粗糙度修正。粗糙度影响修正结果显示,小粗糙度情况下修正的解析模型取得了良好的结果,但对于大粗糙度有一定局限性。在均方根高度大于0.025 m时,进行土壤粗糙度修正前,人工神经网络模型精度比解析模型提高了36.83%~72.36%。进行修正后,人工神经网络模型的精度比解析模型提高了42.86%~54.40%。人工神经网络模型在修正前后取得了相近的精度,无修正的人工神经网络模型精度比有修正的解析模型精度仍提高了35.83%~53.48%。 相似文献
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基于GIS和神经网络模型的场地地震液化势风险评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于组件式GIS(COMGIS)技术,调用水平成层土地震反应分析程序SHAKE91来实现设定地震下地震动影响场的模拟;调用Matlab神经网络工具箱来完成场地地震液化势评价模型在COMGIS系统中的模块化;利用GIS技术对评价结果进行空间复合,给出场地潜在的地层液化势空间分布图。 相似文献