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单纯形定位方法在新疆数字地震台网的测定精度分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
地震定位是地震学中最基本的问题之一,现阶段大部分采用基于走时的方法。单纯形定位方法作为一种直接搜索类的方法,在新疆测震台网日常地震目录产出中发挥了重要作用。本文采用数值模拟的方法,利用新疆测震台网现有布局,结合“3400”走时表,分析单纯形定位方法在新疆测震台网的测定精度。研究表明,对于新疆测震台网网内浅源地震,单纯形定位方法能够得出较为精确的震中位置,而得出的网外地震震中位置存在一定偏差;初至折射波对震源深度有一定的控制能力,速度模型的准确性对震源深度和发震时刻的测定影响较大。 相似文献
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如何通过评价区域测震台网方式,改善与提高我国区域测震台网监测效能,是当前我们面临的一个新的课题。本文提出的一个省级区域测震台网监测效能评价体系基本思路是,通过建立台网监测效能评价子系统,引入动态统计,指标分析,目标评价,公众评判的综合分析与关联评价方法,探讨我国省级测震台网系统性能与台网运行,维护能力及资料产出、数据服务之间的相互关联。以安徽区域测震台网为例,检验区域台网监测效能评价体系的可行性与实效性。 相似文献
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许俊奇 《地震地磁观测与研究》1991,12(4):12-16,11
本文应用检验台网监测效能的3种方法(即有效观测范围的估算,b值检验和下限震级漏记率检验),对陕西测震台网的监测能力进行了评价,并根据正方形布局法对现有测震台网布局的优劣进行了讨论,提出了今后改进现有测震台网的方案和意见。 相似文献
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2019年镜泊湖火山测震台网新增2个测震台后,共有5个测震观测子台对火山区进行地震监测.利用其观测数据,进行噪声功率谱和监测能力计算,绘制地震监测能力图,并与原测震台网监测能力进行对比分析.研究表明,镜泊湖火山测震台网监测能力得到很大提升,可满足火山地震监测需要. 相似文献
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数字震害评估的发展与应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
随着网络化地理信息系统的应用、全球定位系统的普及应用和卫星遥感影像分辨率的不断提高,“数字地球”技术在地震工程领域的应用逐渐成熟,数字化震害评估符合现代地震工程的发展趋势。本文综述了数字化技术在地震工程领域的研究现状及其发展前景,提出了利用“3S”技术进行数字震害评估的设想。 相似文献
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使用WEBGIS技术,结合地震前兆台网的实际情况,设计完成地震前兆台网的GIS展示工具.该工具以互联网为媒介,使用地理空间数据库存储的全国台站数据,对全国范围内的物理场分布在网络客户端进行发布,方便地震前兆台网用户获取数据,同时丰富地震前兆数据的展示方式. 相似文献
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GIS as a Tool for Seismological Data Processing 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
G. Leonard Z. Somer Y. Bartal Y. Ben Horin M. Villagran M. Joswig 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2002,159(5):945-967
—?A computerized application of an integrated seismological GIS model is presented. An object oriented approach of the GIS topology is introduced and the special functions and features of this system are described. A network topology was selected to simulate the network characteristics of seismological data management and analysis. Each seismological entity is considered as a graphical data object, which is associated to other objects by predefined relationships. The graphical user interface introduced by GIS enables to handle seismological software routines and data in a more intuitive way. Examples of interactive processing of seismic waveforms for detecting, locating and characterizing seismic events using GIS visualization capabilities are presented. The benefits of this system during a passive seismic survey in the framework of the CTBT are highlighted. 相似文献
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AbstractIn this study, a hydrological model and spatial technologies have been employed to assess water availability in the Mat River basin, southern Mizoram, India. Furthermore, the results obtained from the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model, satellite data and GIS tools were utilized to identify the hydropower potential in the basin. Thirty three sites with hydropower potential were identified within 147 km2 of the Mat River basin. A total of 3039, 1127 and 805 kW can be harnessed with 50, 75 and 90% dependability, respectively. The study revealed that the hydropower potential of a river basin can be correctly assessed by employing a digital elevation model, stream network data and a hydrological model, such as the SWAT model, within a GIS framework.
Editor D. Koutsoyiannis 相似文献
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The concept of a spatially distributed unit hydrograph is based on the fact that the unit hydrograph can be derived from the time–area curve of a watershed by the S-curve method. The time–area diagram is a graph of cumulative drainage area contributing to discharge at the watershed outlet within a specified time of travel. Accurate determination of the time–area diagram is made possible by using a GIS. The GIS is used to describe the connectivity of the links in the watershed flow network and to calculate distances and travel times to the watershed outlet for various points within the watershed. Overland flow travel times are calculated by the kinematic wave equation for time to equilibrium; channel flow times are based on the Manning and continuity equations. To account for channel storage, travel times for channel reaches are increased by a percentage depending on the channel reach length and geometry. With GIS capability for rainfall mapping, the assumption of a uniform spatial rainfall distribution is no longer necessary; hence the term, spatially distributed unit hydrograph. An example of the application for the Waiparous Creek in the Alberta Foothills is given. IDRISI is used to develop a simple digital elevation model of the 229 km2 watershed, using 1 km × 1 km grid cells. A grid of flow directions is developed and used to create an equivalent channel network. Excess rainfall for each 1 km × 1 km cell is individually computed by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) runoff curve method and routed through the equivalent channel network to obtain the time–area curve. The derived unit hydrograph gave excellent results in simulating an observed flood hydrograph. The distributed unit hydrograph is no longer a lumped model, since it accounts for internal distribution of rainfall and runoff. It is derived for a watershed without the need for observed rainfall and discharge data, because it is essentially a geomorphoclimatic approach. As such, it allows the derivation of watershed responses (hydrographs) to inputs of various magnitudes, thus eliminating the assumption of proportionality of input and output if needed. The superposition of outputs is retained in simulating flood hydrographs by convolution, since it has been shown that some non-linear systems satisfy the principle of superposition. The distributed unit hydrograph appears to be a very promising rainfall runoff model based on GIS technology. 相似文献
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根据政府和社会公众实际需求,基于以往廊坊地区基础地理资料和活断层探测工作成果资料,采用GIS技术、三维可视化技术及网络技术,建成廊坊市活断层探测数据管理系统,具有建库、存储、分析、管理、三维显示和应用等强大功能,可实现活断层信息的科学管理,为城乡规划、地震应急、土地利用、重大工程选址提供信息服务。 相似文献
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传统水资源信息管理模型采用GIS网络技术,对水资源信息进行优化配置,未对地震多发区域水资源管网进行综合规划,存在地震破坏后受污染水资源信息管理性能差的问题。设计考虑区域水资源地震破坏后污染的信息管理模型,模型包括受污染水资源信息规划设计模块、信息监测和采集模块、信息管理模块。3个模块分别实现对地震破坏后污染的水资源管网的合理规划、监测和采集以及污染信息的综合管理。实验结果表明,所设计模型对区域水资源地震破坏后污染的信息管理的平均时间达到1.38 s,且在管理过程中各项功能的评分都高于93.5分,具有较高的管理性能。 相似文献
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基于WEBGIS技术建立太湖网络综合数据库系统 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了如何利用WebGIS软件,空间数据库引擎ARCSDE和客户机/服务器的方法在WWW上构建网络综合数据库,并在Internet网上发布,使得全球网络用户可以进行远程湖泊数据浏览,查询和下载,从而实现太湖流域综合信息的全球共享和维护。 相似文献
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当前预测震后泥石流灾害损的方法所用时间较长,且预测结果误差较大,存在预测效率低和预测准确率低的问题。本文基于GIS技术的震后泥石流灾害损失耦合预测方法,采用GIS技术获取震后泥石流灾害的相关信息,根据获取的信息建立流域水量计算模型、固体物质量计算模型、泥石流起动模型,对泥石流的起动过程进行分析,在财产损失预测模型和人员损失预测模型的基础上构建震后泥石流灾害损失耦合预测模型,实现震后泥石流灾害损失的预测。结果表明:本文所提方法预测效率高、预测准确率高。 相似文献
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地震现场与一般灾害现场不同,其受灾区域较大,常规的基于遥感信息进行灾情收集时,采集信息零散混乱无法形成可视化直观分析结果。为解决该问题,设计基于可视化遥感技术的地震大区域灾情收集系统,利用遥感信息采集大区域的优势,配合设计网络通信层、数据收集层、数据库层、GIS遥感平台层和应用层组成的系统硬件,采用GIS三维重构技术,对灾情进行可视化呈现。实验结果说明,系统最长响应时间为1.857 s,最大CPU占用率和消耗分别是80.8%和1 656 MB,信息可视化重现程度高。 相似文献