内蒙古宁城地区道虎沟化石层同位素年代学

在内蒙古宁城道虎沟地区新发现了一套化石层，该化石层所代表的道虎沟生物群是研究燕辽生物群灭绝原因和探寻热河生物群起源之迷的关键，精确的Ar-Ar和SHRIMP U-Pb测年表明，道虎沟化石层之上的中一酸性火山岩的年龄在164～165 Ma左右，道虎沟化石层的时代大于或等于165 Ma。据此认为，道虎沟生物群在时代上比热河生物群早数千万年以上，应属于燕辽生物群，或者属于燕辽生物群与热河生物群之间的过渡类型。     

A New Species of Liadotaulius (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,Inner Mongolia

Diverse caddis flies are recently collected from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou fauna in Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, northern China, and different types of caddis cases have been reported in the same locality. A new species of caddisfly, Liadotaulius daohugouensis sp. nov. is described and illustrated; the establishment is based on a well-preserved isolated forewing collected from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou. The family status of Liadotaulius is discussed on the basis of new material and is referred to the family Philopotamidae. The Daohugou fauna continues to provide new data for studying the early evolution of Trichoptera.     

The Jurassic orthopteran Allaboilus gigantus Ren and Meng, 2006 (Prophalangopsidae) from Beipiao,Northeast China and its biostratigraphical significance

The orthopteran Allaboilus gigantus Ren and Meng, 2006 (Prophalangopsidae) is reported based on a male forewing from the Middle-Upper Jurassic Haifanggou Formation of Beipiao, western Liaoning, China. This discovery greatly extends the distribution of the species from Daohugou in Inner Mongolia eastwards to Beipiao in western Liaoning. It further provides new evidence for correlation of the Daohugou Beds with the Haifanggou Formation indicating a Callovian-early Oxfordian age for the Daohugou Beds.     

宁城中生代道虎沟生物群中两类具原始羽毛翼龙的发现及其地层学和生物学意义

本文实事求是地介绍了道虎沟生物群的组成及相关地层的岩性,并根据长尾型嘴口龙类(Rhamphorhynchoidea)翼龙与短尾型翼手龙类(Pterodactyloidea)翼龙同期共生的特点,确信道虎沟生物群的地质时代为晚侏罗世。此外,本文还研究了道虎沟生物群中翼龙身上发育的皮肤衍生物,初步认为它们是原始羽毛(protofeathers),至少是与羽毛同源的(feather-homologous),这对于了解羽毛(广义)的演化历史和早期的形态结构将具有十分重要的意义。     

LA-ICPMS Zircon U-Pb Dating in the Jurassic Daohugou Beds and Correlative Strata in Ningcheng of Inner Mongolia

LA-ICPMS Zircon U-Pb dating is applied to volcanic rocks overlying and underlying the Salamander-bearing bed in the Daohugou beds of Ningcheng in Inner Mongola and Reshuichang of Lingyuan and Mazhangzi of Jianping in western Liaoning. The results indicate that the youngest age of the rocks in Daohugou of Ningcheng is 158 Ma, and the oldest one is 164 Ma. Synthesized researches indicate that the salamander-bearing beds in Daohugou of Ningcheng, Reshuichang of Lingyuan and Mazhangzi of Jianping were developed in the same period. The Daohugou beds were formed in the geological age of 164-158 Ma of the middle-late Jurassic. Whilst, the Daohugou beds and its corrdative strata should correspond to the Tiaojishan Formation （or Lanqi Formation） of the middle Jurassic in northern Hebei Province and western Liaoning Province, based on the disconformity between the Daohugou beds and its overlaying beds of the Tuchengzi Formation of Late Jurassic and the Jehol Beds of early Cretaceous, and the disconformity between the Daohugou Beds and its underlying Jiulongshan Formation, which is composed of conglomerate, sandstone, shale with coal and thin coal beds.     

对《自然》、《科学》杂志报道的热河生物群、道虎沟生物群重大发现与研究进展的述评

20世纪90年代以来,中国辽宁西部及其邻区晚中生代热河生物群和道虎沟生物群研究取得了令世人瞩目的成果,尤其是在鸟类起源及其早期分异、羽毛起源及其早期演化模式、真兽类起源与早期兽类的生态辐射、被子植物起源等研究方面获得了许多重大进展。截至2006年底,共有46篇关于热河生物群的研究论文以及3篇道虎沟生物群的研究论文发表在世界著名的《自然》和《科学》杂志上,其中第一作者单位为中国科研机构的论文数量分别达39篇和2篇。《自然》和《科学》杂志是世界上自然科学领域两个国际性学术周刊,其覆盖范围广、传播速度快、读者群广泛,其连续刊登热河生物群和道虎沟生物群的研究论文,使这些重要研究成果在短时期内为全世界的学者所认可和接受,为推动该两个重要生物群的研究发挥了重要的作用。     

道虎沟生物群(前热河生物群)的发现及其地质时代

根据最新发现的动、植物化石 ,确立了“道虎沟生物群”,这一新的生物群属前热河生物群 ,生存时代大体相当于晚侏罗世的牛津期 (Oxfordian)至基末利期 (Kim meridgian)。这一发现大大补充了我国这一地质时期贫乏的化石记录 ,为探讨热河生物群的起源提供了较丰富的第一手材料。     

A New Axymyiid Genus with Two New Species from the Middle Jurassic of China (Diptera: Nematocera: Axymyiidae)

The Axymyiidae is one of the small families of the suborder Nematocera within the Diptera.Up to date,three genera and seven species of extant axymyiids have been described from the Holarctic Region,including Canada,China,Hungary,Japan,Russia,and USA,with three genera and three species of fossil taxa described from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,northeastern China.A new genus Raraxymyia gen.nov.and two new species,R.parallela and R.proxima gen.et sp.nov.from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou Village,Inner Mongolia,China,are herein described based on their well-preserved wings and body characters.A revised key to the genera of axymyiids is provided.     

A new caraboid larva from the Middle Jurassic of China (Insecta: Coleoptera)

A new species of caraboid larva (Coleoptera, Adephaga), Carabilarva gongi sp. nov., is described based on a well-preserved specimen from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou deposits (in the upper part of Jiulongshan Formation) of Inner Mongolia, China. It is the fourth caraboid larva from the Mesozoic, and differs from the other three Mesozoic species mainly in having a longer body with shorter mandibles. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) show that this Daohugou fossil is preserved as carbonaceous compressions that lost the micro-structure, such as macrochaetae.     

New Fossil Palaeontinids from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China(Insecta, Hemiptera)

Two new genera and species of fossil Palaeontinidae are described from Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia.China:Cladocossus undulatus gen.et sp.nov.and Cricocossus paradoxus gen.et sp. nov.Both new genera are described based on well-preserved forewings.This discovery confirms the high diversity of palaeontinids during the Middle Jurassic.Both specimens have interesting modal structures which are new to Palaeontinidae:M five-branched and M3 with two branches.Based on this character,wing structural characteristic is discussed.     

Radiometric Dating of Ignimbrite from Inner Mongolia Provides no Indication of a Post-Middle Jurassic Age for the Daohugou Beds

1 Introduction and Background Along with stunning paleontological discoveries from the world-renowned fossil beds in western Liaoning Province of China, recent findings from the lacustrine deposits exposed at the Daohugou village (Fig. 1) near Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia, include superbly preserved pterosaur, salamander, insect, and plant fossils (Ji and Yuan, 2002; Wang et al., 2002; Gao and Shubin, 2003; Zheng et al., 2003; Rasnitsyn and Zhang, 2004). The Daohugou fossil beds consist of…     

An Updated Review of the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota: Chronology, Taphonomy, Paleontology and Paleoecology

The northeastern Chinese Yanliao Biota (sometimes called the Daohugou Biota) comprises numerous, frequently spectacular fossils of non-marine organisms, occurring in Middle-Upper Jurassic strata in western Liaoning, northern Hebei, and southeastern Inner Mongolia. The biota lasted for about 10 million years, divided into two phases: the Bathonian-Callovian Daohugou phase (about 168-164 million years ago) and the Oxfordian Linglongta phase (164-159 million years ago). The Yanliao fossils are often taphonomically exceptional (many vertebrate skeletons, for example, are complete and accompanied by preserved integumentary features), and not only are taxonomically diverse but also include the oldest known representatives of many groups of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. These fossils have provided significant new information regarding the origins and early evolution of such clades as fleas, birds, and mammals, in addition to the evolution of some major biological structures such as feathers, and have demonstrated the existence of a complex terrestrial ecosystem in northeast China around the time of the Middle-Late Jurassic boundary.     

New Species of Cretolimonia and Mesotipula (Diptera: Limoniidae) from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China

Two new species, Cretolimonia excelsa sp. nov. and Mesotipula gloriosa sp. nov., in Limoniidae of Diptera are described and illustrated, based on three fossil specimens with bodies and complete wings. These specimens were collected from the latest Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation at Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. These are the first fossil records of these two genera from China.     

New Isophlebioid Dragonflies from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China (Insecta: Odonata: Isophlebioptera:Campterophlebiidae)

Three new species of fossil dragonflies assigned to Sinokaratawia Nel, Huang and Lin in family Campterophlebiidae, i.e. S. daohugouica sp. nov., S. magica sp. nov. and S. gloriosa sp. nov., and new materials of male S. prokopi Nel, Huang and Lin, 2007 are described from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. An emended diagnosis of genus Sinokaratawia was proposed.     

New Isophlebioid Dragonflies from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia,China(Insecta:Odonata:Isophlebioptera:Campterophiebiidae)

Three new species of fossil dragonflies assigned to Sinokaratawia Nel,Huang and Lin in family Campterophlebildae,i.e.S,daohugouica sp.nov.,S.magica sp.nov.and S.gloriosa sp.nov.,and new materials of male S.prokopi Nel,Huang and Lin,2007 are described from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,Inner Mongolia,China.An emended diagnosis of genus Sinokaratawia was proposed.     

内蒙古宁城县道虎沟叶肢介化石群的时代

内蒙古赤峰宁城县道虎沟含丰富的叶肢介壳瓣及许多珍罕的软体化石 ,计有 1属 4种 :Euestheria ziliu-jingensis Chen,Euestheria haifanggouensis Chen,Euestheria jingyuanensis Chen,Euestheria luanpingensis Shen etNiu。这些分子都是我国中侏罗世早期自流井真叶肢介 (Euestheria ziliujingensis)动物群的重要成员 ,以个体较小、壳瓣圆或椭圆形、生长带具小网状装饰、种类单调、密集群生为特点 ,主要出现于中侏罗世早中期 (Bajocian- MiddleBothonia)。特别是 Euestheria luanpingensis Shen et Niu及其软体化石在道虎沟的发现 ,证明其层位应与冀北滦平九龙山组相当。道虎沟叶肢介群与中侏罗世晚期的假线叶肢介 (Pseudograpta)动物群的面貌相差甚远 ,与比其层位更高的大北沟组的尼斯脱叶肢介 (N estoria)动物群及义县组的东方叶肢介 (Eosestheria)动物群迥然不同 .     

New Fossils of Eoptychopteridae (Diptera)from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China

Three new species of the extinct genus of Eoptychopterina from the Eoptychopteridae family, Eoptychopterina antica sp. nov., Eoptychopterina adnexa sp. nov., and Eoptychopterina mediata sp. nov., are described and illustrated. These three new species are established based on fossil specimens with bodies and complete wings. All were collected from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou in eastern Inner Mongolia, China. Based on the new materials, the name of two species in Eoptychopterina from China--Eoptychopterina elenae Ren and Krzeminski and Eoptychopterina gigantea Zhang--is sysnonymum junius.     

New Genus and Species of Rhyacophilidae (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Middle Jurassic of China

One new genus with a new fossil species,Declinimodus setulosus gen.et sp.nov.which was found in the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou,Inner Mongolia,China,are described and illustrated.The new species is assigned to the Rhyacophilidae according to buttonshaped of the 2nd segment of maxillary palp,and the forked R1 （in the forewing,located near apex）.These new discovery are the earliest fossil records of Rhyacophilidae,which providing important evident for the study of the origin and early evolution of Trichoptera.     

New Fossil Palaeontinids from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,Inner Mongolia,China (Insecta,Hemiptera)

Two new genera and species of fossil Palaeontinidae are described from Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China: Cladocossus undulatus gen. et sp. nov. and Cricocossus paradoxus gen. et sp. nov. Both new genera are described based on well-preserved forewings. This discovery confirms the high diversity of palaeontinids during the Middle Jurassic. Both specimens have interesting modal structures which are new to Palaeontinidae: M five-branched and M3 with two branches. Based on this character, wing structural characteristic is discussed.