Repacking practice for G-3 engineering driller power unit with drive shaft of dual channel reverse circulation

In order to satisfy operating requirements for constant core drilling technology in reverse circulation with hollow-through DTH, the power unit of G-3 engineering driller was ameliorated. The new one with dual channel drive shaft, achieved the perfect assemble with transmission structure of the original power unit. It could interconvert according to need by using two sets of drive shafts with direct and reverse circulation. The repacked G-3 engineering driller carried on experiment in the field test in Luanchuan molybdenum mine of Henan, whose effect was very good.     

Optimization of reverse circulation bit based on field experiment

By field experiment in Sandaozhuang W-Mo mining area in Luanchuan of Henan Province, the authors analyzed the Experimental result of reverse circulation bit on the basis of different structures and obtained the following conclusion ： the design parameter of reverse circulation bit, the number, diameter and angle of the spurt hole can influence on the reverse circulation effect. The bit with inner spurt hole is better obviously than that one without inner spurt hole in reverse circulation, one or two right and the best choice of inner spurt hole is that the diameter is Φ8, the angle is 30° dip up and the suitable number is two to three.     

Optimization of reverse circulation bit based on field experiment

By field experiment in Sandaozhuang W-Mo mining area in Luanchuan of Henan Province, the authors analyzed the Experimental result of reverse circulation bit on the basis of different structures and obtained the following conclusion: the design parameter of reverse circulation bit, the number, diameter and angle of the spurt hole can influence on the reverse circulation effect. The bit with inner spurt hole is better obviously than that one without inner spurt hole in reverse circulation, one or two right and the best choice of inner spurt hole is that the diameter is Φ8, the angle is 30° dip up and the suitable number is two to three.     

内插管式气举反循环钻进工艺在基岩地热井中的应用

随着地热资源被广泛利用,地热井各种钻井技术新方法不断应用,如何提高地热井施工效率、降低地热井施工成本是地热井项目钻探施工的关键。气举反循环钻进工艺被广泛应用于地热井钻探施工中,然而在基岩浅井和中深井地热项目施工中,使用常规气举反循环钻进工艺存在钻具重量大、结构复杂、双壁密封不严等问题,对钻机提升能力要求较高,中小型钻机难以满足,加大了施工成本。本研究在不改变常规中小型正循环施工钻探设备、钻具的条件下,提出了一种内插管式气举反循环钻进技术,并在沂南智胜汤泉1号基岩地热勘查井施工中进行了应用。试验表明:内插管式气举反循环技术施工工艺,可在无需更换原有钻探设备和钻具的基础上,通过加工部分钻具及部件,便可实现正反循环工艺之间的更换。更换后的气举反循环钻进工艺结构简单、钻具重量轻、双壁密封可靠、施工成本低,提高了设备利用率和钻进效率。在基岩浅井和中深井中,应推广应用内插管式气举反循环钻进工艺。     

Calculation of flow distribution in air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field by simplifying air flow model

By simplifying the characters in the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field, the authors used air dynamics and fluid mechanics to calculate the air distribution in the bit and obtained an equation of flow distribution with a unique resolution. This study will provide help for making certain the bit parameters of the bit structure effectively and study the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field character deeply.     

Calculation of flow distribution in air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field by simplifying air flow model

By simplifying the characters in the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field, the authors used air dynamics and fluid mechanics to calculate the air distribution in the bit and obtained an equation of flow distribution with a unique resolution. This study will provide help for making certain the bit parameters of the bit structure effectively and study the air reverse circulation bit interior fluid field character deeply.     

Development of experimental apparatus about reverse circulation bit

A set of experimental apparatus on reverse circulation bit are developed, in order to lucubrate the mechanism of the new type reverse circulation bits, and the structure of the bits influencing the ability of taking core and carrying powder. Both the major structure of the equipment and the procession of experiment are described.     

Development of experimental apparatus about reverse circulation bit

A set of experimental apparatus on reverse circulation bit are developed, in order to lucubrate the mechanism of the new type reverse circulation bits, and the structure of the bits influencing the ability of taking core and carrying powder.Both the major structure of the equipment and the procession of experiment are described.     

结合逆向工程和fuzz技术的Windows软件漏洞挖掘模型研究

Windows软件漏洞挖掘已经成为网络安全技术一个重要的组成部分。结合逆向工程和fuzz技术,提出了一个全新的Windows软件漏洞挖掘模型：首先分别介绍了逆向工程和fuzz技术主要特点和研究内容,接着介绍了结合逆向工程和fuzz技术的软件漏洞挖掘模型原理,最后展示了利用这个模型进行漏洞挖掘的实例演示。     

Trends in significant wave height and surface wind speed in the China Seas between 1988 and 2011

Wind and waves are key components of the climate system as they drive air-sea interactions and influence weather systems and atmospheric circulation. In marine environments, understanding surface wind and wave fields and their evolution over time is important for conducting safe and efficient human activities, such as navigation and engineering. This study considers long-term trends in the sea surface wind speed(WS) and significant wave height(SWH) in the China Seas over the period 1988–2011 using the Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform(CCMP) ocean surface wind product and a 24-year hindcast wave dataset obtained from the WAVEWATCH-III(WW3) wave model forced with CCMP winds. The long-term trends in WS and SWH in the China Seas are analyzed over the past 24 years to provide a reference point from which to assess future climate change and offshore wind and wave energy resource development in the region. Results demonstrate that over the period 1988–2011 in the China Seas: 1) WS and SWH showed a significant increasing trend of 3.38 cm s~(-1)yr~(-1) and 1.52 cm yr~(-1), respectively; 2) there were notable regional differences in the long-term trends of WS and SWH; 3) areas with strong increasing trends were located mainly in the middle of the Tsushima Strait, the northern and southern areas of the Taiwan Strait, and in nearshore regions of the northern South China Sea; and 4) the long-term trend in WS was closely associated with El Ni?o and a significant increase in the occurrence of gale force winds in the region.     

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Modeling the ocean circulation in the Bering Sea

With parameterized wave mixing, the circulation and the tidal current in the Bering Sea were simulated simultaneously using the three-dimensional Princeton Ocean Model. The simulated circulation pattern in the deep basin is relatively stable, cyclonic, and has little seasonal change. The Bering Slope Current between 200-1000 m isobaths was estimated to be 5 Sv in volume transport. The Kamchatka Current was estimated to be 20 Sv off the Kamchatka Peninsula. The Bering shelf circulations vary with season, driven mainly by wind. These features are consistent with historical esti- mates. A counter current was captured flowing southeastward approximately along the 200 m isobath of the Bering Slope, opposite to the northwestward Bering Slope Current, which needs to be validated by observations. An upwelling current is located in the shelf break （ 120-1000 m） area, which may imply the vertical advection of nutrients for supporting the Bering Sea Green Belt seasonal plankton blooms in the breakslope area. The Bering Slope Current is located in a downwelling area.     

Winter meso-scale shear front in the Yellow Sea and its sedimentary effects

In this paper, the authors explored the presence of shear fronts between the Yellow Sea Coastal Current (YSCC) and the monsoon-strengthened Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) in winter and their sedimentary effects within the shear zone based on a fully validated numerical model. This work added the wind force to a tidal model during simulating the winter baroclinic circulation in the Yellow Sea. The results indicate that the YSWC is significantly strengthened by wind-driven compensation due to a northeast monsoon during winter time. When this warm current encounters the North Shandong-South Yellow Sea coastal current, there is a strong reverse shear action between the two current systems, forming a reverse-S-shaped shear front that begins near 34°N in the south and extends to approximately 38°N, with an overall length of over 600 km. The main driving force for the formation of this shear front derives from the circulation system with the reverse flow. In the shear zone, temperature and salinity gradients increase, flow velocities are relatively small and the flow direction on one side of the shear zone is opposite to that on the other side. The vertical circulation structure is complicated, consisting of a series of meso- and small-scale anti-clockwise eddies. Particularly, this shear effect significantly hinders the horizontal exchange of coastal sediments carried by warm currents, resulting in fine sediments deposition due to the weak hydrodynamic regime.     

丁字湾近岸海底沉积物地层单元划分及沉积特征

通过对172 km的高分辨率浅地层剖面与6个钻孔的综合对比,对丁字湾近岸海底沉积物进行细分,自上而下划分为D0,D1,D2,D3共4个反射界面,SU1,SU2,SU3共3个沉积单元,该文总结了每个沉积单元的埋深、分布及特征,按照各个层序形成时的相对海平面位置及其升降变化态势,划分了海侵、低位、高位3个体系域,分别对应滨海相、陆相、滨海相沉积相。查明了丁字湾近岸浅地层结构及沉积特征,为该区的发展规划、海洋工程建设提供地质依据。     

城建工程的环境负效应及对策

本文论述了城建工程的环境负效应 ,包括地面沉降与塌陷 ,桩基施工引起的环境问题、深基坑工程事故工程降水对环境的影响以及隧道施工造成的环境问题 ,并提出了相应的对策措施 ,以减小城建工程对环境所产生的负面效应。     

洞室工程地震CT与VSP联合检测方法及应用实例

地震层析成像（CT）和垂直地震剖面（VSP）法一直作为两种完全分离的探测技术在勘探活动中运用,而洞室工程地震CT与VSP联合检测方法则是充分利用VSP和CT数据采集方式的兼容性,通过一体化观测系统参数设计和优化数据处理流程,将两种地震勘探手段融为一体而成为优化组合技术下的高分辨工程物探方法。方法实验结果表明,地震CT与VSP联合检测方法在近地表岩土工程勘查应用中几乎可以不增加野外工作费用,就能够同时获取地下洞室工程体施测区间内的地震CT数据和关于洞室轴向剖面方向的逆向VSP数据体。     

福建省数字林业工程建设模式及应用研究

本文以福建省数字林业工程建设实践为例,研究了信息化标准体系、信息共享与集成服务平台技术、行业基础地理数据、信息安全和信息化人才队伍等基础项目先行的建设模式。以资源优化和信息共享为主线,提出了(1)运用先进的XML&Web Services核心技术的信息交换和共享的整体解决方案,实现信息资源的整合和信息共享;(2)标准先行的建设思想,通过制定信息化标准,规范和指导数字林业工程建设,整合资源、最大限度地发挥投资效益,为数字林业建设和发展奠定良好的技术环境和基础;(3)加强基础数据建设,促进信息化的应用;(4)强调人才队伍建设的基础性作用,提高信息化工程的整体应用水平。结合福建省数字林业工程建设实际,系统地论述了区域行业建设的目标任务、指导思想、建设原则、组织管理、保障措施以及重点业务应用系统,满足当前林业信息化建设的需要。     

A modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion considering the damage to reservoir bank slope rocks under water saturation-dehydration circulation

After water is impounded in a reservoir, rock mass in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the reservoir bank slope is subject to water saturationdehydration circulation (WSDC). To quantify the rate of change of rock mechanical properties, samples from the Longtan dam area were measured with uniaxial compression tests after different numbers (1, 5, 10, 15, and 20) of simulated WSDC cycles. Based on the curves derived from these tests, a modified Hoek- Brown failure criterion was proposed, in which a new parameter was introduced to model the cumulative damage to rocks after WSDC. A case of an engineering application was analyzed, and the results showed that the modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion is useful. Under similar WSDC-influenced engineering and geological conditions, rock mass strength parameters required for analysis and evaluation of rock slope stability can be estimated according to this modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion.     

Long-term variabilities of thermodynamic structure of the East China Sea Cold Eddy in summer

Based on more than 30 years observed sectional temperature data since the 1960s, and compared with multi-year wind and Changjiang (Yangtze) River discharge data, spatial-temporal variations of the East China Sea Cold Eddy (ECSCE) in summer was analyzed in relationship to ocean circulation and local atmospheric circulation. Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analyseswere applied to this study. The results show that: l) The ECSCE in summer possesses significant interannual variabilities, which are directly associated with oceanic and atmospheric circulation anomaly. Main fluctuations demonstrate their falling in basically with E1 Nino events (interannual) and interdecadal variability. 2) The ECSCE in summer is closely related to the variation of the Yellow Sea Warm Current (YSWC) and the Changjiang River discharge. The stronger the YSWC, the more intensive the ECSCE with its center shifting westward,and vice versa. However, a negative correlation between the Changjiang River discharge and the ECSCE strength is shown. The ECSCE was strengthened after the abrupt global climate change affected by the interdecadal variation of the YSWC. 3) SVD analysis suggested a high correlation between the variation of the ECSCE in summer and the anomalous cyclonic atmospheric circulation over the ECS. Intensification of the cyclonic wind strengthens the ECSCE, and vice versa. 4) The cyclonic atmospheric circulation has dominant influence on the interannual variation of the ECSCE, and the influence of the ocean circulation takes the second in. The ECSCE was usually stronger in E1 Nifio years affected by strong cyclonic circulation in the atmosphere. The variation in strength of the ECSCE resulted from the joint effect of both oceanic and atmospheric circulation.     

黄陵背斜东北翼岩溶水系统特征及其对引调水隧洞工程的影响

陵背斜东北翼地层以碳酸盐岩和碎屑岩相间的组合形式出现,碳酸盐岩分布区岩溶发育强烈,岩溶突涌水是该区地下工程建设的重要影响因素。以某重大引调水工程黄陵背斜段为研究对象,综合采用岩溶水文地质调查、示踪试验、水文地球化学等多种方法对研究区岩溶水系统特征及隧洞突涌水条件进行了识别和分析。结果表明:区内存在4个子含水系统,垂向上构成了透水性强-弱相间的结构,发育了浅部快速循环、中间快速循环和深部慢速循环的多级水流系统,断裂构成各子含水系统间发生水力交换的垂向通道。工程输水隧洞主体在深部灯影组(Z₂dn)和天河板组-石龙洞组(∈₁t+sl)子含水系统中穿越,岩溶发育总体较弱,但在穿越店垭断裂时存在导通上部娄山关组-南津关组(∈₃l-O₁n)强岩溶子含水系统而发生较大规模高压突涌水的可能。施工支洞穿越∈₃l-O₁n子含水系统中白龙洞水流系统的排泄区,遭遇管道式突涌水事故的风险高。多种水文地质方法的联合解译可提高识别岩溶水系统特征和突涌水条件的精度。