盘锦市脑血管病气象敏感因子分析及其预报模型

应用盘锦市疾控中心2008年1月1日至2009年12月31日逐日脑血管病发病人数及同期逐日气象资料,采用相关分析、逐步回归等方法,分析了脑血管病与气象要素的关系,建立了逐日脑血管病发病趋势的气象预报模型。结果表明：各类气象要素与未来3 d脑血管病发病人数滑动平均具有较好的相关性;气象因子对脑血管病发病人数的影响存在着一种滞后效应和持续效应;脑血管病发病人数与当日最低气温、平均气温、最低气压、平均风速、湿度、最大气温日较差等气象要素相关显著;不同的季节影响脑血管病发病人数的敏感气象因子不同,且相关关系差异较大。逐日脑血管病发病趋势的气象预报模型预报检验效果较好。     

石家庄夏季用电量对天气的响应及其预测模型

从石家庄市2005～2007年每年6～8月的逐日用电量资料中分离出随气象因子变化的气象电量,分有、无降水日分别计算了气象电量与同期气象资料中关键气象要素的相关系数,着重分析了气象电量随气温、湿度、降水的变化规律.结果表明:石家庄夏季气象电量与气温呈显著性正相关,而与相对湿度仅在有降水日为显著负相关;计算了用电量逐日变化值与气象要素日变化值之间的相关系数,发现要素差值之间存在着很好的相关性.在统计分析的基础上,借助Origin7.5软件,分有、无降水日建立了综合气象因子影响下气象电量及用电量逐日变化的多元回归预测模型,回归统计及方差分析表明:预测方程均通过了α=0.0005的F检验,复相关高于单相关,拟合率较高,能为电力部门合理调度提供参考.     

华中电网日负荷与气象因子的关系

从华中电网4省1997年2月至2000年5月逐日的电力负荷资料中分离出随气象因子变化的气象负荷，分析了气象负荷和同期的气象资料的相关关系，重点研究了气象负荷随气温变化的规律，探讨了华中各省气象负荷与气温关系的异同。研究表明华中电网日负荷与日平均气温的相关关系明显，在日平均气温大于20℃时相关系数为正，小于20℃时为负，在气温为25－28℃时负荷对气温的变化最敏感。     

基于气象因子杭州市燃气负荷预测研究

利用2008—2013年杭州市逐日和逐时燃气负荷资料及同期气象观测资料,统计分析了杭州市燃气负荷的变化及其与气象因子的响应关系,并基于支持向量机(Support Vector Machines,SVM)方法建立了杭州市燃气负荷预测模型。结果表明:2008—2013年杭州市燃气负荷具有较明显的季节变化特征,冬季日平均气象负荷率最高,夏季日平均气象负荷率最低;而各季节燃气负荷总体的日变化规律较相似,基本呈单峰型变化。除6月和9月,其他月份逐日气温与日气象负荷率均呈负相关关系,其中12月逐日气温与日气象负荷率的负相关最显著。当日平均气温≤13℃时,日气象负荷率为正值;当日平均气温为3℃左右,日气象负荷率达最高值。1—4月和10—12月日平均气压与日气象负荷率均呈显著的正相关关系。除夏季外,其他季节逐时气温与小时气象负荷率呈显著的负相关关系,且秋季相关最显著。考虑主要气象影响因子,采用SVM回归方法构建杭州市燃气负荷逐日和逐时预测模型,模型预测效果较好,逐日燃气负荷预报的平均误差为4.36%,逐时燃气负荷预报的相对误差约为4.18%。     

气象观测环境的变化对气温序列的影响分析

本文利用安徽省1971~2000年共30 a逐日平均气温、最高气温、最低气温的气候整编资料,选取气象观测环境完全符合相关规定(A类)和不完全符合相关规定(B类)两类代表站,分别建立了气温序列和两者的气温差值序列,并对气温序列的气候平均值和气温差值序列的气候趋势进行了分析。结果表明:气象观测环境的变化将影响气温序列。与A类台站相比,B类台站平均气温、最高气温和最低气温的气候平均值表现出一致偏高的特征,最低气温偏高最多;B类台站与A类台站平均气温、最高气温和最低气温的差值均有显著增大的趋势,平均气温差值的增大最为显著。     

惠州城区供电量与气象要素的关系及其预测模型

基于惠州城区2015年11月—2018年10月逐日供电量、日最高负荷和同期气象观测资料,采用相关分析和回归分析等方法,分析了城区供电量变化特征及其与气象要素的关系,建立了基于气象要素的供电量预测模型。结果表明:惠州城区夏季平均供电量和日最高负荷最多、冬季最少,4个季节供电量有显著性差异(P<0.05)。日最高负荷出现主要在10:00—12:00,但冬季仍有21.2%的概率出现在18:00—19:00。气温、相对湿度和日照时数与供电量有显著的相关关系,但不同月份相关性不同。12月—次年3月日平均气温、日最高气温和日最低气温与供电量呈显著的负相关,4—9月气温与供电量呈显著的正相关。3—4月相对湿度和供电量呈显著的正相关,而5—8月呈显著的负相关。日照时数与供电量的关系和相对湿度与供电量呈相反的相关。最后建立了3—9月和12月—次年2月气象电量和总供电量预测模型。     

1951-2006年包头气温极端事件变化分析

利用包头气象站1951-2006年逐日平均气温资料,建立了高温和低温极端气候事件的阈值,检测了56年来包头逐日气温的极端事件出现频率,分析了极端事件的年、季、月变率。统计了逐日平均气温的各级别出现频数。结果显示：该地区56年里气温显著升高,平均每10年升高0．42℃;在56年时间尺度上平均气温有明显的由冷变暖的突变特征,突变点为1987年;气候变暖后,高温事件明显增多,低温事件明显减少。     

甘肃康乐县气象站迁移前后气温对比分析

利用2012年气温要素逐日资料,对甘肃省康乐县气象观测站新旧站址同期气温观测资料进行对比分析。发现2站之间气温存在明显负温差,旧测站各月平均气温、最高气温、最低气温均高于新测站,且最低气温相差最大,说明旧测站城市热岛效应明显,城市热岛效应以提升最低气温减小气温日较差方式来提高旧测站的气温;新旧测站气温之间存在极显著的线性正相关关系,可建立新旧测站之间气温线性回归订正方程,订正后的新旧测站气温要素基本重合。     

许昌市供电量与气象要素相关分析

利用20052006年许昌市逐日供电量和气温、降水、相对湿度等气象要素资料,分析了供电量和这些气象要素之间的相关关系,结果表明,温度为影响本地用电量的主要气象因子,特别是夏季用电量对气温变化的反应更加敏感.     

许昌市供电量与气象要素相关分析

利用2005 2006年许昌市逐日供电量和气温、降水、相对湿度等气象要素资料,分析了供电量和这些气象要素之间的相关关系,结果表明,温度为影响本地用电量的主要气象因子,特别是夏季用电量对气温变化的反应更加敏感。     

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS DATA OF AIR–SEA TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE AND ITS VARIATION ACROSS SOUTH CHINA SEA IN THE PAST 35 YEARS

Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.     

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

<正>The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.     

VARIABILITY OF INTER-ANNUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE AND HUAXI REGION’S AUTUMN PRECIPITATION

The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.     

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC CONDITIONS BEFORE THE OCCURRENCE OF TWO TYPES OF EL NIO EVENTS

The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.     

IMPACT OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION ON THE IMMIGRATION OF NILAPARVATA LUGENS(STL) IN HUNAN AND JIANGXI PROVINCES

Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.     

全球贸易隐含碳变化及其影响分析

基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。     

Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings

正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any     

Index to Vol.31

正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;     

Information for Contributors

正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.