Morphodynamic evolution of the Xiaoqing River mouth: a Huanghe River-derived mixed energy estuary

In an estuary,tidal,wave and other marine powers interact with the coast in different ways and affect estuary morphology as well as its evolution.In the Huanghe(Yellow) River estuaries and nearby delta,there are many small sediment-affected estuaries with a unique morphology,such as the Xiaoqing River estuary.In this study,we investigated the special evolution and genetic mechanism of the Xiaoqing River estuary by analyzing graphic and image data with a numerical simulation method.The results show that NE and NE-E tide waves are the main driving force for sandbar formation.Sediment shoals have originated from huge amounts of sediment from the Huanghe River,with consequent deposition at the Xiaoqing River mouth.The lateral suspended sediments beyond the river mouth move landward.Siltation takes place on the northern shoreline near the river mouth whereas erosion occurs in the south.The deposits come mainly from scouring of the shallow seabed on the northern side of the estuary.Storm surges speed up deposition in the estuary.Development of the sediment shoals has occurred in two steps involving the processes of growth and further southward extension.Although the southward shift increases the river curvature and length,the general eastward orientation of the estuary is unlikely to change.Processes on the adjacent shorelines do not affect the development of the sediment shoals.The study presents a morphodynamic evolutionary model for the Xiaoqing River estuary,with a long-term series cycle,within which a relatively short cycle occurs.     

威海市温泉汤温泉形成模式

温泉汤温泉是威海地区一个非常重要的温泉,综合地球化学和地质调查方法,分析温泉汤温泉的形成模式。本文采集温泉汤温泉水样进行了水化学和氢氧稳定同位素测试,通过分析温泉水的水质类型、补给来源,估计水循环深度,结合地热地质条件进一步丰富了地热成因机制。水化学Piper分析图表明温泉水属于Na-Cl型温泉,水岩作用分析表明温泉水具有浅层水的特征,而氢氧稳定同位素值分布于中国东部大气降水线附近,推测温泉水主要受大气降水、地表水、地下水等浅层水的影响。根据δ~2H同位素高程效应,计算得到温泉的补给高程为225～265m之间,根据周边地形地貌特征,南部山区约为240m左右,确定南部山区是主要的补给源。综合分析认为,大气降水从温泉汤温泉南部山区汇聚到盆地中,大气降水、地表水、地下水等通过断裂破碎带在深部进行热交换形成温泉热水,然后运移到地表,出露成温泉汤温泉。通过成因模式分析,为温泉汤温泉的资源评价和开发利用提供科学依据,也为威海地区其他温泉的研究和开发利用提供参考。     

Numerical simulation of mechanical compaction of deepwater shallow sediments

To study the compaction law and overpressure evolution in deepwater shallow sediments, a large-strain compaction model that considers material nonlinearity and moving boundary is formulated. The model considers the dependence of permeability and material properties on void ratio. The modified Cam-Clay model is selected as the constitutive relations of the sediments, and the deactivation/reactivation method is used to capture the moving top surface during the deposition process. A one-dimensional model is used to study the compaction law of the shallow sediments. Results show that the settlement of the shallow sediments is large under their own weight during compaction. The void ratio decreases strictly with burial depth and decreases more quickly near the seafloor than in the deeper layers. The generation of abnormal pressure in the shallow flow sands is closely related to the compaction law of shallow sediments. The two main factors that affect the generation of overpressure in the sands are deposition rate and permeability of overlying clay sediments. Overpressure increases with an increase in deposition rate and a decrease in the permeability of the overlying clay sediment. Moreover, an upper limit for the overpressure exists. A two-dimensional model is used to study the differential compaction of the shallow sediments. The pore pressure will still increase due to the inflow of the pore fluid from the neighboring clay sediment even though the deposition process is interrupted.     

Effect of the inclined weak interlayers on the rainfall response of a bedded rock slope

Engineering experience shows that outward dipping bedded rock slopes, especially including weak interlayers, are prone to slide under rainfall conditions. To investigate the effect of inclined weak interlayers at various levels of depth below the surface on the variation of displacements and stresses in bedded rock slopes, four geo-mechanical model tests with artificial rainfall have been conducted. Displacements, water content as well as earth pressure in the model were monitored by means of various FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensors. The results showed that the amount of displacement of a slope with a weak interlayer is 2.8 to 6.2 times larger than that of a slope without a weak interlayer during one rainfall event. Furthermore, the position of the weak interlayer in terms of depth below the surface has a significant effect on the zone of deformation in the model. In the slope with a high position weak interlayer, the recorded deformation was larger in the superficial layer of the model and smaller in the frontal portion than in the slope with a low position weak interlayer. The slope with two weak interlayers has the largest deformation at all locations of all test slopes. The slope without a weak interlayer was only saturated in its superficial layer, while the displacement decreased with depth. That was different from all slopes with a weak interlayer in which the largest displacement shifted from the superficial layer to the weak interlayer when rainfall persisted. Plastic deformation of the weak interlayer promoted the formation of cracks which caused more water to flow into the slope, thus causing larger deformation in the slope with weak interlayers. In addition, the slide thrust pressure showed a vibration phenomenon 0.5 to 1 hour ahead of an abrupt increase of the deformation, which was interpreted as a predictor for rainfall-induced failure of bedded rock slopes.     

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Vertical structure of the tidal currents on the continental shelf of the East China Sea

The available data on tidal currents spanning periods greater than six months for the continental shelf of the East China Sea (26°30.052′N, 122°35.998′E) were analyzed using several methods. Tidal Current Harmonic Analysis results demonstrated that semi-diurnal tides dominated the current movement. The tidal currents of the principal diurnal and semidiurnal rotated clockwise with depth, with the deflection of the major semi-axes to the right in the upper layer and to the left in the lower layer. The vertical structures of two principal semi-diurnal constituents-M2 and S2-were similar, which indicates that the tidal currents are mainly barotropic in this area. The main features of the variation of the four principal tidal constituents with depth demonstrate that the currents in this region are influenced by the upper and lower boundary layers. Therefore, the tidal constituents of the shallow water are similar. Different vertical modes were calculated based on the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of the Eastern and Northern components of the tidal currents, with a variance contribution for the zero-order model of at least 90%. The variance contribution of the baroclinic model is minimal, which further reveals a strong barotropic character for the tidal currents of this region.     

Coastal upwelling and coastal jets in continuously stratified seas

Nonlinear numerical models of continuously stratified seas are developed for vertical sections to study the mechanism of coastal upwelling and coastal jets in two kinds of seas: the so-called finite or closed sea bounded by two vertical coastal coasts, without elevation of sea surface, but with a flat bottom; and the semi-infinite sea bounded by only one vertical coast, with both an elevation of sea surface and a flat or inclined bottom. Constant wind stress in the first case, and constant wind stress or negative wind stress curl in the second case, are abruptly imposed. The key procedure for the mathematical analysis is to calculate the horizontal pressure gradient first by a special treatment. In the first case, the variation of horizontal components of velocity is changed with time to show three successive time intervals. The results show that the width of baroclinic jets depends upon (σS)^1/2, and that distribution of isopycnic lines delineates the warm and cold regions. The relative importance of each term in the equilibrium among forces is thus determined. Distribution of stream function in vertical section reveals the upper and bottom Ekman layers. Two coastal jets are found with different alongshore velocities. The distribution of density anomalies displays the horizontal diffusion adjustment. An unstable case appears at different surface boundary conditions. In the second case, the vertical velocity will be stronger in the sea with less stratification, with an inclined bottom, and with a negative wind stress curl. The horizonatal offshore velocity increases in strength in a sea with inclined bottom and with negative wind stress curl. The vertical circulation pattern reveals the upwelling only. The distribution of density shows the isopycnic lines lifted upward near the shores. Obviously, the range of elevation of sea surface near the shore is larger than that far offshore. The jet width is less than the Rossby radius of deformation. A stronger jet will occur in more shallow water with negative wind stress curl. The coastal jet does not develop when the coefficient of horizontal turbulence increases to a certain limiting value.     

顾及黏弹性松弛效应的2015年尼泊尔MW7.9地震震后早期余滑模型

处理尼泊尔境内及中国藏南的连续GPS数据,获得尼泊尔地震震后1 a的三维形变场。结果表明,震后形变主要发生在尼泊尔北部及中尼边境区域,水平形变以向南运动为主,垂直形变以隆升为主。采用有限断层模型反演的震后余滑分布范围十分广泛,主要集中在同震破裂下倾部分,向下延伸至30 km,平均余滑深度为20 km。震后1 a余滑释放的地震矩为8.8×1019 Nm,等价矩震级为MW7.3,占同震释放总能量的12%。扣除黏弹性松弛效应之后,反演的余滑分布更加集中于同震破裂下倾区域,断层模型底部无余滑,平均余滑深度减小为16 km。经黏弹性松弛效应改正后的余滑模型释放的地震矩为 5.7 ×1019Nm,仅为同震释放能量的8%左右。该余滑模型不但提高了数据的拟合精度,且其分布特征更接近应力驱动的模型。由于震后余滑发生在深部而非浅部未破裂区域,说明断层浅部仍处在闭锁状态,其未来的地震危险性仍需密切关注。     

Physical processes causing the formation of hypoxia off the Changjiang estuary after Typhoon Chan-hom, 2015

Severe hypoxia was observed in the submarine canyon to the east of the Changjiang estuary in July 14, 2015, two days after typhoon Chan-hom. The oxygen concentration reached as low as 2.0 mg/L and occupied a water column of about 25 m. A ROMS model was configured to explore the underlying physical processes causing the formation of hypoxia. Chan-hom passed through the Changjiang estuary during the neap tide. The stratification was completely destroyed in the shallow nearshore region when typhoon passing. However, it was maintained in the deep canyon, though the surface mixed layer was largely deepened. The residual water in the deep canyon is considered to be the possible source of the later hypoxia. After Chan-hom departure, not only the low salinity plume water spread further off shore, but also the sea surface temperature (SST) rewarmed quickly. Both changes helped strengthen the stratification and facilitate the formation of hypoxia. It was found that the surface heat flux, especially the solar short wave radiation dominated the surface re-warming, the off shore advection of the warmer Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) also played a role. In addition to the residual water in the deep canyon, the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) was found to flow into the deep canyon pre- and soon post- Chan-hom, which was considered to be the original source of the hypoxia water.

     

干热岩勘查评价指标与形成条件

干热岩具有利用率高、无污染、储量巨大、分布较广、持续稳定、安全性好等特点,被全球公认为在21世纪能够取代化石能源的一种最优质的、可再生的新型清洁能源。目前对于干热岩的成因机理还没有定论,而对于干热岩的勘探寻找、远景区的圈定以及资源评价也有不同的观点,为了有利于干热岩勘探开发,本文在综述前人研究工作基础上,总结归纳了干热岩勘查评价指标,几个重要的指标及其特征如下。第一个指标是岩石圈厚度和莫霍面埋深,岩石圈厚度较小并且莫霍面埋深比较浅,是评价干热岩远景区的一个重要指标。莫霍面埋深较浅指示深部热源（幔源热）更加接近地表,故埋深较浅（较薄的厚度）并具有上隆的特征有利于深部的热量向上传导,为干热岩的孕热环境提供良好的条件。第二个指标是居里等温面,埋深较浅的居里等温面是干热岩远景区一个重要的评价指标。居里等温面是地球内部一个非常特殊的温度（热物质）界面,它不仅能指示地下温度场的分布特征,还可指示地壳深部热能分布特征,对干热岩及地震的成因研究具有十分重要的意义;如果居里面埋深较浅,则热量传导到地表的距离比较短,深部的热流活动更容易向地表传送,不仅是有利的高温干热岩孕热环境,也有利于储存的热能快速向上传导。第三个指标为地温梯度,地温梯度较大是寻找干热岩远景区的一个重要指标;如果一个地区具有较高的地温梯度（≥ 35℃/km）,则随着深度的增加深部的地温增加较快,在相对较浅的地方就可以获得温度较高的岩石体。第四个指标是大地热流,大地热流值较大（≥ 75 mW/m2）就指示地球深部有存在高温岩石体的可能;大地热流是地温场的综合性热参数,能够准确地反映区域内的地温场特征。第五个指标是新构造运动,这也是人们寻找干热岩时容易忽略的一个重要指标。新构造运动包括火山、地震及活动断裂构造等。地震和火山是极具破坏性的自然灾害,两者的发生都表明了地球内部的热能汇聚到一定程度,从而打破了地球内部平衡状态而以地震或火山的形式把热量进行释放的地球系统行为。该指标中,如地震震级大（>3级）、震源深度浅（10~15 km）、频度大,火山活动时间新（活火山、休眠火山、中新世以来的死火山）规模大都说明地球深部存在不稳定的高热状态,易形成干热岩;如果能提前找到该区域的干热岩,可以先取出其中的热,那么地震和火山就有可能不会发生,这样可以达到取热减灾减排的作用。活动的深大断裂即能产生一部分热,也能将深部的热传输到浅部,尤其是活动性强的走滑拉张断裂,其深部具有韧性剪切特征,直接指示了深部的高温体的存在。第六个指标是高温温泉与气田等。温泉、气田的形成通常与深部的热储关系密切,一般认为地下水沿某个通道向下渗透接触到深部高温热储被加热后再沿某一通道流出地表而形成温泉;所以,温泉的出露指示了深部存在高温的岩石体（干热岩）;区域地温场异常明显,地表热泉等高温水热型地热田较密集的区域有望在深部寻找到干热岩,这也是一种就热（水热）找热（干热）的常规方法。作为固体矿产资源的干热岩,其形成具备四个必要条件:源、通、储、盖。第一个条件是要有丰富的动态热源如来源于深部地幔（幔源热）,来源于晚新生代活动的控热构造系统-活动的韧性剪切带,来源于地壳内的低速低阻体（中下地壳热）以及来源于高放射性中新生代花岗岩体（壳源热）。第二个条件是要有优良的导热通道,如壳内15~25 km低速层不仅是热源,同时具有将深部地幔热能向上传导的作用;软流圈地幔上隆时具活动性的深大断裂（深部具韧性特征、浅部具脆性特征）常常具有很好的导热功能;地壳浅表层次的脆性断裂系统往往不是干热岩的热通道,而是水热型地热能的导水、释热构造。第三个条件是要有巨大的储热岩石体,除埋深要适中（3~6 km）并具有较高温度（≥150℃）外,其规模要大（蕴含丰富的热能）,热导率大（>2 W/mK）,裂隙少（不含水或含少量不流动的水）;当然热储层可以是变质岩、岩浆岩,也可以为沉积岩。第四个条件是要有良好的保热盖层,盖层（被子）导热率低（< 2 W/mK）、厚度适中（>1 km）（具有良好的保温效果）,地温梯度高（≥40℃/km）、大地热流值高（≥70 mW/m2）（指示深部存在高温特征）是深部赋存有高温地热资源的必要条件。      

埋深对恐龙化石的影响效果研究

已发现的恐龙化石大多数埋藏在不同深度的地层中,不同埋深化石所受风化破坏程度不尽相同。为深入研究恐龙化石的风化机理,探究恐龙化石的保护措施和方法,重点分析埋深产生的侧向压力对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示埋深因素对恐龙化石保存的影响程度。试验结果表明:围岩对恐龙化石施加的侧向压力是影响恐龙化石变形和强度特性的一个重要因素。在弹性变形阶段,恐龙化石的初始强度、峰值强度随侧向压力的增大而不断增大。当应力超过了恐龙化石极限强度后进入塑性变形,其初始强度、峰值强度逐渐减小,最终达到残余强度。     

日照市海岸带古河道分布特征研究

根据收集到的日照市海岸带浅地层剖面测量调查资料,把多条浅地层剖面中出露的古河道断面推测性地连接起来,重建了以往的古河道体系,综合分析了日照市海岸带古河道的分布特征。日照近海区域存在一个主干河道呈SW-NE走向的梳状河道网,古河道形成于距今约4.4万a的末次冰期。古河道的形成是河流的侵蚀、搬运、沉积及后期的海平面上升、潮汐改造等多种因素共同作用的结果。在末次冰期,研究区内气候湿润,河流流速较大,河流搬运泥沙的能力较强,长期侵蚀作用形成下切古河道,在古河道中容易形成淤积较多河流携带的砂体。古河道断面形态主要呈U形、V形、W形、箱形和倒梯形。主干河道北西侧,分支河道较密,南东侧分支河道较稀疏。主河道长约40km,横截面由南西向北东逐渐变宽,最宽处达4km。分支河道多数以NW向为主,少数为NE向,长度介于8~20km之间,宽度约为1~3km。古河道主要位于16~24m水深的闭合深度以外区域,对其中的砂体经过粒度筛选可作为将来进行人工抛沙的砂源。     

中高渗倾斜地层与水平地层中CO2地质封存的差异性对比

CO2地质封存是减少CO2向大气排放,缓解温室效应的有效手段之一。由于构造和成岩作用,倾斜地层在自然界中普遍存在,研究倾斜地层对CO2封存量及安全性的影响具有实际意义。依托新疆准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷某CO2地质封存示范工程,采用数值模拟方法,分析了中高渗CO2储层地层倾角变化对CO2地质封存过程的影响。结果表明:CO2注入将导致近井区域地层压力显著升高;中高渗倾斜地层与水平地层相比,在地层压力分布、CO2侧向运移距离、CO2注入速率和总封存量等方面均存在明显差异。相比于水平地层,由于地层倾角的存在,倾斜地层压力呈不对称分布,CO2侧向运移距离显著加大。倾斜地层中压力传递和消散过程与水平地层差异显著,受此影响,倾斜地层与水平地层CO2的总注入量差值随时间呈非单调性变化。在注入初期,倾斜地层CO2的总注入量小于水平地层,随着注入时间延长,倾斜地层CO2的总注入量逐渐接近并超过水平地层;注入20年后,相较于水平地层,倾斜地层倾角越大越有助于增加CO2的总注入量,这一研究结果与前人基于低渗倾斜地层的研究结论正好相反。地层倾角的存在会促进CO2向浅部运移,倾角越大,CO2向浅部含水层和大气泄露的风险越大。因此,在CO2地质封存场地选址中,应充分考虑倾斜地层对封存效率及安全性的影响。     

NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE TIDAL FRONT IN THE WESTERN YELLOW SEA

The formation and evolution of the tidal front in the western Yellow Sea are studied by means of a two-dimensional model in which wind and tide mixing, sun radiation and wind stress, and realistic topography are incorporated. In this numerical study, the schemes employed are stable for time step t= 900 s, so the model can be run for 4 months to simulate the front evolution. The authors examined the effects of mixing and atmospheric forcing on the tidal front under conditions of : mixing and solar heating without wind stress on the sea surface; mixing, solar heating and 50 hours of wind stress; mixing, solar heating and long time periodical wind stress, Results show that (1) the tidal front forms at the beginning of May, and strengthens with the increasing of heat input, (2) the temperature structure in the shallow well-mixed water is dominated by mixing, while in the front and deeper stratified regions, it is controlled by the joint effects of (mainly) mixing and advection, 0) the currents and front all     

利用层次分析法评价东营市浅层地热能适宜性

利用定性、半定量相结合的层次分析法(AHP),建立地埋管换热系统适宜性递阶层次结构模型,在野外试验、室内测试等基础数据的基础上,选取地下水埋藏深度、砂层厚度、成孔难易程度、地面沉降、热扩散率、比热容、综合热导率等7个评价指标,将东营市浅层地热能开发利用划分为适宜区、较适宜区。这是东营地区第一次利用实测数据开展浅层地热能适宜性评价,为今后的合理开发利用提供了科学依据。     

A three-dimensional nonlinear hydrodynamic model with variable eddy viscosity in shallow seas

Considerable scientific and practical interest exists in ascertaining the dynamic processes in shallow seas. This is especially true for China having a vast area of shallow seas. To simulate the observed data and study the dynamical mechanism of waves and currents in shallow seas a numerical model is developed in this paper. In view of the notable nonlinearity of shallow sea waves and currents, and in order to solve the current distribution in the vertical direction, and to examine the effect of variable eddy viscosity, the model proposed is a three-dimensional nonlinear one with variable eddy viscosity. The eddy viscosity can be considered as a physically acceptable arbitrary function of depth, which is realized in terms of a Sturm-Liouville System. The currents are expressed by using the eigenfunctions satisfying the Sturm-Liouville System just mentioned. A boundary-value problem (or an initio-boundary-value problem) of free surface elevation is derived. And then, the application of the proposed shallow sea model to nonlinear tides, ultra-shallow water storm surges and steady circulation is given, respectively. Finally, a generalized linear law between the bottom friction and the transport is derived. This paper was presented at the Joint Oceanographic Assembly (J.O.A.) held at Halifax, Canada, August 2–13, 1982, and included in “Poster Abstract” Vol. I.     

Experimental study on the dam-break hydrographs at the gate location

When studying the dam-break flow phenomenon, the basic hydrodynamic features of the dam-break flow at the gate location should be verified primarily. In this study, laboratory experiments were performed in a rectangular and horizontal flume with the same initial water head setting on the dry and wet downstream bed conditions. Water surface elevation was extracted through image analysis and validated by comparing with the data measured using a wave gauge. Temporal variation of the water surface elevation at the gate location, quantified in terms of high-speed video recorded images, can be divided into three stages, the sharp decreasing stage, the relatively steady stage, and the gradually decreasing stage. Applicability of several classic analytical solutions of the dam-break problem at the gate location was validated using present experimental data. Ritter’s solution is effective for the dry bed condition while Stoker’s solution could be applied to the wet bed case, and both are only applicable during the steady stage. Lin’ solution reproduces the gate-site hydrographs well during both the relatively steady and the gradually decreasing stages, especially for the condition under which the down-upstream water depth ratio is smaller than 0.138.     

南海北部莺-琼盆地典型重力流沉积特征与物源体系

简述了莺-琼盆地横向沉积分布、纵向沉积序列、动态沉积过程,以及浅海重力流的沉积特征与形成机制。南海北部莺歌海盆地黄流组发育了浅海背景下的大型重力流沉积,琼东南盆地发育了半深海沉积环境下的陵水组、三亚组、梅山组海底扇。其中浅海重力流沉积的主要特征体现在：(1)沉积规模大小不等,且展布形态存在较大差异;(2)海平面变化造成沉积特征的复杂性和多变性;(3)浅海重力流沉积通常不具备扇体亚相分异;(4)浅海重力流的水道沉积砂体迁移快、堆积厚,表现为水道富集且多期次叠加。莺-琼盆地物源演化与对比揭示了源-汇过程及不同物源输入的动态时空变化,主控因素包括物源供给、相对海平面变化、差异沉降、古地貌(古坡折及坡度)等。     

Debris flow susceptibility assessment using a probabilistic approach: A case study in the Longchi area,Sichuan province,China

The Longchi area with the city of Dujiangyan, in the Sichuan province of China, is composed of Permian stone and diorites and Triassic sandstones and mudstones intercalated with slates. An abundance of loose co-seismic materials were present on the slopes after the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, which in later years served as source material for rainfall-induced debris flows or shallow landslides. A total of 48 debris flows, all triggered by heavy rainfall on 13th August 20l0, are described in this paper. Field investigation, supported by remote sensing image interpretation, was conducted to interpret the co-seismic landslides in the debris flow gullies. Specific characteristics of the study area such as slope, aspect, elevation, channel gradient, lithology, and gully density were selected for the evaluation of debris flow susceptibility. A score was given to all the debris flow gullies based on the probability of debris flow occurrence for the selected factors. In order to get the contribution of the different factors, principal component analyses were applied. A comprehensive score was obtained for the 48 debris flow gullies which enabled us to make a susceptibility map for debris flows with three classes. Twenty-two gullies have a high susceptibility, twenty gullies show a moderate susceptibility and six gullies have a low susceptibility for debris flows.     

风振影响下乔木坡地暴雨型浅层滑坡演化机制

强对流或台风等极端天气下乔木坡地发生浅层滑坡灾害往往是暴雨和强风共同作用的结果。以皖南山区一处暴雨型浅层滑坡——畈章组滑坡为例, 通过现场调查和气象资料的分析表明, 除暴雨外风荷载也有可能促进滑坡的启动。为揭示该滑坡启动与破坏后这一完整运动过程的演化机制, 首先基于无限斜坡模型分析了实际降雨条件下的滑坡稳定性, 然后对取自于滑坡体内乔木根系周围和滑动面附近的两种土样利用DPRI型环剪仪, 分别开展了不排水循环剪切试验和自然排水残余剪切试验。结果表明: ①降雨入渗引起滑动面孔隙水压力的上升, 并导致稳定性的降低是畈章组滑坡启动的直接原因; ②乔木根系周围的饱和土在风振作用产生的动剪切荷载下易形成高的超孔隙水压力, 并导致浅表层的局部失稳滑动, 增加了畈章组滑坡整体破坏的可能性; ③滑动面土体的残余强度具有强烈的"正速率效应", 从而控制了畈章组滑坡启动后不会表现出高速远程的运动特征, 与现场调查结论一致。研究结果可以为暴雨协同风振作用下富乔木坡地浅层滑坡的预警预报研究提供参考。