共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 53 毫秒
1.
2.
美国海洋保护区国家管理体系及其对我国的启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从美国海洋保护区的立法基础、管理机构和职能分工、纳入国家管理体系的资质要求和流程等方面探析美国海洋保护区的国家管理体系。结合我国海洋保护区管理工作中存在的问题,提出完善我国海洋保护区的法律法规、建立健全海洋保护区综合管理网络体系、完善海洋保护区监督协调机制等对策建议,以期进一步提升我国海洋保护区管理的系统性和规范性,完善我国海洋保护区的管理体系,从而更好地保护我国的海洋生态,实现海洋资源的更有效利用,推进我国海洋生态文明建设的发展。 相似文献
3.
5.
6.
为全面发展我国海洋事业和加快我国海洋强国建设,文章概述海洋战略情报的定义、作用及其重要性,分析目前我国发展海洋战略情报存在的局限性,并具体介绍青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室发展海洋战略情报的优势和举措。研究结果表明:海洋战略情报涉及众多海洋学科领域,对于我国加快建设海洋强国具有重要意义;面对目前我国海洋战略情报发展中存在的问题,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室在定位和体制机制等方面具有独特优势,近年来通过编译国际海洋战略报告、实施蓝色智库重点项目和筹建海洋战略研究中心等举措,加快海洋战略情报研究工作,为满足国家战略需求提供服务。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
从保护对象及其生境的保护与管理角度出发,构建了基于概率和损失度的海洋保护区生态风险的综合评价方法。以滨州贝壳堤岛与湿地自然保护区为例,通过历史数据、遥感资料分析,筛选风暴潮、海岸侵蚀、海水污染、围填海、海冰、溢油等6种风险源,利用层次分析法确定权重并计算综合风险概率;根据贝壳堤、滩涂、养殖池塘等9种生境的自然生态、社会经济属性及生境的脆弱度,计算各生境的综合损失度;在地理信息系统(GIS)技术支持下,完成保护区生态风险的综合评价,对不同级别的风险区提出管理对策。对发展我国海洋保护区生态风险评价方法以及保护区范围科学选划调整等管理工作都有参考价值。 相似文献
10.
威海在发展海洋经济方面有着天然优势和巨大潜力,如何更好地挖掘、利用传统优势,更好地转型、再造新优势,推动海洋经济发展走在前,是威海面临的一项重大课题。文章从大海洋概念入手,系统、科学地分析了威海在海洋空间与资源开发利用、海洋科技创新驱动、海洋经济发展机制模式等方面的历史和现状,提出了推进海洋经济高质量发展的过程中面临的过程性、结构性问题,并深入地剖析了问题出现的原因。文章立足于海洋发展的全过程,创新性地从宏观和微观两个层面,提出符合威海实际、切实可行地巩固传统优势、塑造新优势和打造海洋经济发展新格局的对策建议。 相似文献
11.
珠江口滨海湿地退化现状、原因及保护对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2007年和2008年秋季对珠江口滨海湿地进行了环境现状综合调查,结果表明,珠江口滨海湿地退化主要表现在4个方面:天然湿地面积减少、湿地生产力不断下降、湿地环境状况持续恶化和湿地景观破碎化。珠江口滨海湿地退化的原因主要为滩涂开发与围填海、污染物排放、养殖污染、海平面上升、过度捕捞、海砂开采和港口码头建设以及水土资源开发等因素。滨海湿地保护与利用对策主要有:制定有关滨海湿地保护的法律法规和湿地保护与利用规划;加强人才队伍建设和滨海湿地有关技术研究;建立滨海湿地动态监测体系;加大滨海湿地保护区建设的力度;加强宣传和教育。 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
The broad acceptance and collective commitment of countries to the tasks involved in the implementation of Agenda 21, Chapter 17, have profound implications vis-à-vis the interplay between coastal zone management (CZM) and national development planning (NDP). It appears that in many countries, CZM has evolved in isolation from the mainstream of national development processes. The paper examines various forms and elements for the effective integration of CZM into NDP. 相似文献
15.
We study the processes of global self-regulation of Earth’s biota (GAIA-theory) by applying the method of adaptive balance of causes proposed by the authors. By using, as an example, the Daisy World model constructed by this method, we reveal the phenomenon of preservation of the mean temperature of Earth’s surface due
to the presence of the vegetation cover. We develop an integral model of global natural, social, and economic processes in
which the World Ocean is one of the factors regulating the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The decrease in the
amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere caused by the GAIA-effects increases the number of hurricanes and floods on the Earth. As a result, the levels of ecological and social hazards
for the mankind become much higher. To eliminate these threats, it is necessary to intensify the processes of self-organization
of the society realized via the improvement of education, development of science, and global regulation of the competition
for natural resources. We present the results of numerical experiments performed by using the model demonstrating possible
scenarios of global development with regard for the processes of self-organization of the society.
__________
Translated From Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 3, Pp. 62–80, May–June, 2007. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
19.
New Zealand's brief history of human habitation has led to widespread and often irreversible change in the biophysical environment. Most of the wetlands were drained and de-forestation led to major gully and channel erosions and high amounts of sediment yield in the estuarine and marine environments. The scale of land-based effects on marine species is indeterminable. The legislation for managing the land–sea interface is widely acknowledged as having fallen short of its full potential. After the 2008 general election the new government commenced review of this legislation while consideration was given to ‘unlocking New Zealand's energy potential’ as a key component to an export-led economic recovery. The government is promoting oil, gas and mineral exploration on land and at sea. The government is also enacting boundaries that extend continental shelf jurisdiction. These developments may lead to further progress on an integrated system that covers all aspects of marine management that began in 2000. In any case, New Zealanders face important decisions regarding the tradeoffs between further resource utilisation and environmental protection. This article contributes to the discussion on integrated management to maintain a balance between utilisation and protection and does not reflect the view of the Ministry of Fisheries. 相似文献
20.
保护地球生物资源的国际性公约——《生物多样性公约》对遗传资源作出指引性的规定。海洋遗传资源作为其中的一类,可以存在于国家管辖范围外水体及海床、底土。处于不同空间位置的海洋遗传资源如果适用不同的法律制度,需要明确水体、海床与底土界线划分。从《联合国海洋法公约》、《生物多样性公约》、《名古屋议定书》和《波恩准则》关于海洋遗传资源的规定来看,现行国际法框架下针对此问题可以有多种方案,且部分规定存在非适用性的问题。面对未来,需要从海洋遗传资源界定、惠益分享方式等方面设计具体制度,确保国家管辖范围外海洋遗传资源为全人类共享。 相似文献