1989年1月18日太阳白光耀斑的光学特征

我国首次获得１９８９年１月１８日太阳白光耀斑的二维多波段光谱扫描、及同步的色球Ｈα单色光和准同步的光球黑子照相观测资料。对部分资料分析表明，该白光耀斑为多块结构，寿命长，主核位于光球磁纵场中性线上或附近，顺色球磁纵场演变，同暗条激活和谱斑密切相关。     

1989年1月18日白光耀斑的研究

本文利用色球Ｈα单色光序列照相资料，Ｈα光谱扫描资料，黑子精细结构照相资料和日面纵向磁场观测资料，分析了１９８９年１月１８日ＷＬＦ所在活动区ＮＯＡＡ／ＵＳＡＦ：５３１２的磁场结构，黑子结构及该ＷＬＦ的演化特征，求出了视向速度场，并以理论计算的Ｈα谱线轮廓作为诊断工具，探讨了该ＷＬＦ可能的能量传输机制和动力学过程。     

关于太阳白光耀斑连续发射起源的讨论

白光耀斑研究近年来获得较大进展，对其连续发射起源机制目前流行三种解释．一是耀斑形成过程中所产生的色球凝聚[1-3]，二是非热粒子注入大气致氢原子非热激发和电离[4-6]，三是色球强加热所引起的对大气深层的辐射反加热[7]．这三类解释具有一个共性，即除了自身直接对连续谱     

太阳6659号活动区的白光耀斑

1991年6月6日我们在太阳6659号活动区观测到了一个白光耀斑.这个白光耀斑伴有强烈的H_α、X射线和射电微波发射.我们对这次自光事件作了初步的分析研究,并对它的总能量作了粗略估计.     

由多频射电爆发探讨太阳白光耀斑的起源问题

从射电运动Ⅳ型爆发的特征和多频射电爆发开始时序的分析可以看出这个伴生的白光耀斑和射电爆发同是由低日冕的加速电子激活,可能通过非热电子沉降能量于色球层,产生了色球层压缩波,又经二步能量传输过程过程中在上光球导致ＷＬＦ。通过对共生事件的分析,并与已知的二类ＷＬＦ的观测特征作了比较,提出该ＷＬＦ可能属于二类的混合型,并提出了ＷＬＦ可能存在射电辐射的必要条件。     

1974年9月10日白光耀斑研究

本文详细分析了１９７４年９月１０日白光耀斑的光谱资料，并利用Ｎｏｎ－ＬＴＥ理论计算了它的半经验大气模型和辐射损失。由光谱测量得到：（１）连续辐射强度在巴耳末系限（３６４７）附近发生跳跃。在极大时刻，巴耳末跳跃可达约１１％；（２）该耀斑有强而宽的巴耳末谱线发射，其高项巴耳末谱线轮廓的全半宽随主量子数ｎ而变化，在８＜ｎ＜９达到极小；（３）连续辐射极大时刻同微波爆发极大相一致，比Ｈａ耀斑极大时刻提前几分钟。这三个特征很可能是Ⅰ类白光耀斑的典型特征。     

1991年10月24日白光耀斑的高时间分辨率多波段光谱分析

本分析了南京大学太阳塔１９９１年１０月２４日用多波段光谱仪观测到的高时间分辨率（５ｓ）的一个２Ｎ／Ｘ２．１级白光耀斑光谱，对耀斑谱线轮廓，连续发射强度，Ｘ射线和射电爆发资料进行了综合对比，分析表明，该耀斑属Ｉ类白光耀斑，具有如下特征：（１）在白光耀斑的脉冲相期间，各波段光谱线心强度，连续辐射，谱线半宽以及线翼红不对称性与硬Ｘ射线高能波段的爆分同时达到极大；（２）Ｈα谱线在连续发射极大时半宽达１０     

由多频射电爆发探讨太阳白光耀斑的起源问题

从射电运动Ⅳ型爆发的特征和多频射电爆发开始时序的分析可以看出这个伴生的白光耀斑（ Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ） 和射电爆发同是由低日冕的加速电子激活,可能通过非热电子沉降能量于色球层, 产生了色球层压缩波, 又经二步能量传输过程在上光球层导致 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ。通过对共生事件的分析, 并与已知的二类 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ的观测特征作了比较, 提出该 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ 可能属于二类的混合型, 并提出 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ 可能存在射电辐射的必要条件     

2004年1月8日活动区10537内耀斑和相关CME的分析研究

利用色球Hα线心像、TRACEUV和SOHO/EITEUV单色像、SOHO/LASCO白光日冕观测、SOHO/MDI光球磁图以及Nobeyama射电观测,对2004年1月8日日面边缘δ位形黑子群AR10537内发生的一个M1.3耀斑及相关的CME进行了初步的分析。该耀斑除了位于反极性磁场区域、覆盖部分黑子半影的两个主耀斑带外,还伴随有一个明显的远距离耀斑带,这表明有扰动能量沿大尺度日冕结构从耀斑源区向外传播。这一远区增亮处随后有EITdimming出现,表明色球蒸发导致的物质损失可能是产生日冕dimming的重要因素。另外,位于远距离耀斑带南面的一个大宁静暗条在耀斑发生后有部分消失,这可能与该耀斑导致的大尺度日冕磁场重构有关。该耀斑爆发与LASCO观测到的一个快速partialhaloCME在空间和时间上具有密切的关系,它们极可能是相同磁场过程在日冕的不同表现,故我们将此耀斑及与之伴随的日冕dimming认证为这一CME的日面源区。     

Solar Flare Activity and Variability of Electric Current Helicity

1 INTRODUCTIONRecently Bao, Zhang, Ai, and Zhang (1999), using Huairou vector magnetograph data,have shown that the average current helicity (h.) or the curreflt helicity imbalance ph of activeregions change rapidly after so1ar flares. Up'an the onset of flares it tends to decrease for a fewhours and then to increase again, whereas ifQ some cases the flare promotes an increase in thecurrent helicity The observations led to tbe fol1owing conclusions: (1) raPid and substantialchanges of c…     

1989年1月14日耀斑和纵向电流的关系

本文比较了Krall方法和势场方法判断横场方向的优劣,得出后者比前者有更高的准确率。并且对AR_(5312)活动区1989年1月14日的耀斑和纵向电流密度之间的关系进行了分析,结果为H_β初始亮点和光球纵向电流密度极大值之间有对应关系。     

Positively Drifting Structures During the 18 March 2003 Solar Flare

We analyze the high-frequency drift radio structures observed by the spectrometer at Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) over the frequency range of 4.5 – 7.5 GHz during the 18 March 2003 solar flare. The drifting structures take place before the soft X-ray maximum, almost at the maximum of hard X-ray flux at 25 – 50 keV. For the first time, the positive drift in this kind of radio structures is detected in such a high frequency range. Their global drifting rate is roughly estimated as 3.6 GHz s⁻¹. They appear in four groups, lasting in total for less than 6 s, and have a broad bandwidth of more than 2 GHz but a smaller ratio of the bandwidth of the drifting structures to mean frequency than that of the lower frequency range. The lifetime of each individual burst in this event can be derived by using the high temporal resolution of the spectrometer at PMO and has an average value of 36.3 ms. Since the negative drifting structures observed in the 0.6 – 4.5 GHz frequency range were interpreted to be a radio signature of a plasmoid ejected upward (moving out of the Sun), the present observation may imply that it is possible for a plasmoid to move downward during a solar flare. However, for a confirmation of this suggestion direct radio imaging observation would be needed.     

The Solar Optical Telescope of Solar-B (Hinode): The Optical Telescope Assembly

The Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) aboard the Solar-B satellite (Hinode) is designed to perform high-precision photometric and polarimetric observations of the Sun in visible light spectra (388 – 668 nm) with a spatial resolution of 0.2 – 0.3 arcsec. The SOT consists of two optically separable components: the Optical Telescope Assembly (OTA), consisting of a 50-cm aperture Gregorian with a collimating lens unit and an active tip-tilt mirror, and an accompanying Focal Plane Package (FPP), housing two filtergraphs and a spectro-polarimeter. The optomechanical and optothermal performance of the OTA is crucial to attain unprecedented high-quality solar observations. We describe in detail the instrument design and expected stable diffraction-limited on-orbit performance of the OTA, the largest state-of-the-art solar telescope yet flown in space.     

A Pair of Conjugate Current Ribbons Coinciding with the Double-ribbon Flare

Using the vector magnetograms observed by SDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory)/HMI (Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager), the current distribution and evolution associated with an X9.3 flare occurred in the active region AR12673 on Sept. 6, 2017 are studied in detail. The results show that there is a pair of electric current ribbons with opposite directions and the magnitude of 0.4 A/m${}^2$, which can be called a pair of conjugate electric current ribbons. This pair of conjugate electric current ribbons exist before, during, and after the flare; their positions are almost coincident with the two bright ribbons of the flare, and their shapes are also extremely similar with them. The light curve of the total electric current intensity on Sept. 6 shows that the electric current intensity enhanced sharply during the strong X9.3 flare eruption, and this phenomenon persisted for several hours. The results of this study strongly support the model of QSL (Quasi-Separatrix Layer) 3D magnetic reconnection.     

与耀斑双带重合的一对共轭电流带

利用SDO (Solar Dynamics Observatory)/HMI (Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager)观测到的矢量磁图,研究了与活动区AR12673上爆发的一个X9.3级耀斑(2017年9月6日)的相关电流分布和演化.结果显示,在该活动区的磁中性线两边存在一对方向相反的电流密度约为0.4 A/m~2的长电流带,可称其为一对共轭电流带.这对共轭电流带在耀斑发生之前、期间以及之后一直存在;并且观测到,该耀斑的两个亮带的位置几乎刚好与两个电流带重叠,它们的形状也极其相似. 9月6日电流总强度演化曲线表明,电流强度在X9.3级强耀斑爆发期间出现快速增加的现象,这种现象持续了几个小时.这一研究结果有力支持了磁准分界面(Quasi-Separatrix Layer, QSL) 3维重联模型.