森林生态与生物多样性信息学研讨会召开

正2016年10月16日,森林生态与生物多样性信息学研讨会在中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所召开。会议旨在为干旱区从事森林样地建设的科研人员搭建一个交流的平台,促进干旱区森林生态及生物多样性信息学研究领域的发展。本次研讨会由中国科学院生物多样性委员会主办,中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重     

森林生态与生物多样性信息学研讨会召开北大核心CSCD

2016年10月16日,森林生态与生物多样性信息学研讨会在中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所召开。会议旨在为干旱区从事森林样地建设的科研人员搭建一个交流的平台,促进干旱区森林生态及生物多样性信息学研究领域的发展。     

森林生物多样性价值核算的现状及面临的问题

<正> 生物多样性是近年来出现频率很高的一个词语,它是指包括植物、动物和微生物在内的全部物种。生态系统和这些物种所在的生态系统的生态学过程。一般认为,生物多样性包括物种多样性、遗传多样性和生态系统多样性三个层次。它是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础,也为人类提供了不可缺少的生物资源。对生物多样性的价值核算,则是近年来的事情,是在人类为生存创造了巨大的物质     

生物多样性

Q948.152007043094黄河源区“黑土滩”退化草地群落类型多样性及其群落结构研究=Studies on communities diversity and their structure of“black-soil-land”degraded grasslandinthe headwater of YellowRiver/马玉寿,尚占环…∥草业科学.—2006,23(12).—6~11表9参15(姚则     

生物多样性

Q958.15 2003043095不同污染程度湖泊底栖动物群落结构及多样性比较二肠m-parative srudy on rhc eol、inlun,ty strueture and biodiversltyo王z、bentl飞05,n飞ako of dlfferent pollutlon stat。/熊金林.梅兴国…声湖泊科学.一2003 .15(2).一160一168 首次对湖北梁子湖水系污染程度不同的4个湖泊的底栖动物群落结构和物种多样性进行了周年研究,结果表明,底栖动物种类数、物种多样性与湖泊受污染程度呈负相关系,密度与污染程度大体上呈相关.通过对软体动物、寡毛类及摇蚊类密度和生物量在不同湖泊之间的差异分析,表明湖泊水体污染导致了…     

生物多样性

S812.82006010227宁夏毛乌素沙地退化草原恢复演替过程中物种多样性与生产力的变化=Changes of productivity and species diversity inresume succession on the degraded steppe of Maowusu sands inNingxia/王占军,蒋齐…∥草业科学.—2005,22(4).—5~8图2表2参8(薛小芸)BeQ     

生物多样性

5154.1 2004042879入傻生物在我国的地理分布及危害二Tha distributi二anddamages ofi~sive species in China廓误,徐来祥//国土与自然资源研究一2004(2)一82一83 人侵我国的有害杂草约有%种,引起较大的经济损失的人侵软体动物、植物病虫害、哺乳动物等在80种以上,地理分布范围较广.生物入侵正成为威胁我国本地自然资源、农林牧渔业生产、生物多样性、生态环境的重要因素.对人侵生物的分布和危害防治的深人研究是十分必要的.参17(作者)Cha《汐58.8 2004042880湖北道观河水库大型底栖动物的群落结构及物种多样性二The cornmunity strueture…     

九段沙湿地生物多样性和保护管理对策

九段沙湿地是长江中最年轻的冲击型河口型湿地,是东亚陆地、长江口和东海三大生态系统的交汇处,又是东亚——澳大利亚鸟类迁徙的重要通道。分析了九段沙湿地的价值及保护管理中面临的问题,提出了湿地生态保护和资源利用、保护区执法管理、建立湿地保护基金等具体的保护对策。     

中国老挝跨境生物多样性保护区的林地变化(英文)

This paper analyzed forest land use change in Trans-Boundary Laos-China Biodiversity Conservation Area which is called Namha National Biodiversity Conservation Areas (Namha NBCAs), with 1992 and 2002 TM (ETM). Based on GIS and statistical methods, the intensity, state index of land use change and transfer matrix were used to study spatiotemporal land use change in the region. The results showed that the area of forest land decreased greatly, also the area of bamboo and grassland decreased. The other way round, the area of unstocked forest, slash and burn and rice paddy land increased. As a whole, the intensity of forest land change was higher, but others were lower. From the transfer matrix, most of the forest land changed into unstocked forest and urban area, some to slash and burn. The grassland and bamboo were mainly transferred to forest and unstocked forest. The unstocked forest land mostly came from forest land and grassland. It was showed there were three main causes of the land use change namely: opium poppy cultivation, rubber plantation and also ecotourism activities and finally some policies were developed in order to address the land use change in the study areas.     

武夷山自然保护区多样性保护与科学管理

<正> 福建武夷山国家级自然保护区(以下简称武夷山自然保护区)位于福建、江西两省六县(市)的交界处,地理位置为东经117°27′-117°51′,北纬27°33′-27°54′,总面积56527公顷,其中核心区29272公顷、缓冲区12395公顷、实验区14860公顷,分别占总面积的51.8％、22％和26.2％。区内     

Forest land use change at Trans-Boundary Laos-China Biodiversity Conservation Area

This paper analyzed forest land use change in Trans-Boundary Laos–China Biodiversity Conservation Area which is called Namha National Biodiversity Conservation Areas (Namha NBCAs), with 1992 and 2002 TM (ETM). Based on GIS and statistical methods, the intensity, state index of land use change and transfer matrix were used to study spatio- temporal land use change in the region. The results showed that the area of forest land decreased greatly, also the area of bamboo and grassland decreased. The other way round, the area of unstocked forest, slash and burn and rice paddy land increased. As a whole, the intensity of forest land change was higher, but others were lower. From the transfer matrix, most of the forest land changed into unstocked forest and urban area, some to slash and burn. The grassland and bamboo were mainly transferred to forest and unstocked forest. The unstocked forest land mostly came from forest land and grassland. It was showed there were three main causes of the land use change namely: opium poppy cultivation, rubber plantation and also ecotourism activities and finally some policies were developed in order to address the land use change in the study areas.     

Characterizing Non-Industrial Private Forest Landowners' Forest Management Engagement and Advice Sources

Non-industrial private forestland (NIPF) owners have options for engagement by following management strategies that reduce wildfire risk on their forestlands. Forest management engagement is a broad term with underlying categories and management implications. To better understand these categories, we examine interview data on the engagement of forest landowners from a case study of private forestland owner perspectives in northeast Oregon, USA. NIPF landowners outline two types of forest management engagement, one for property and one for community-focused forestland management. NIPF owners describe actions for engagement in public forestland management and how these actions differ from engagement in private management. Additionally, NIPF owners establish barriers to engagement in both public and private forestland management. Our findings can be used to better identify unengaged private forestland owners in the U.S. West, informing the design and implementation of extension and outreach for NIPF owners.     

Working Together for Resource-based Recreation and Tourism, Sustainable Management and Biodiversity

There are opportunities for more effectively integrating resource‐based recreation and tourism with goals for primary production and nature conservation across a range of landscapes and land tenure types. ‘Naturalness’ sought for recreation and tourism, like biodiversity, is not confined to the conservation estate, and the ‘recreation estate’ extends into private land. Although it may be argued that ongoing privatisation of land ownership reduces public opportunities for recreation, diversity in ownership, at least at the regional level, enhances the overall spectrum of recreational opportunities. Diversification into recreation and tourism on private land may also help protect biodiversity through such processes as ‘sympathetic management’, as well as by making production land‐use systems more economically robust.     

森林管理中涉及的生态因素

对生态学基本原理应用于森林管理的必要性和可行性进行了论述和探讨.进行可持续的林业管理必须维护水、土质量,保护生物多样性,同时还要从景观尺度上进行森林规划并注意全球气候变化所带来的一系列问题.总之,可持续的管理政策应该全面应用现有的生态学知识以尽可能保护各种森林资源.     

中国湿地可持续经营认证的SWOT分析

湿地可持续经营认证可以提高湿地的经营水平,实现湿地资源保护与利用的有机统一。采用SWOT方法对中国开展湿地可持续经营认证的优势(S)、劣势(W)、机遇(O)和挑战(T)进行分析,为制定和实施湿地可持续经营认证提出相应的方法与途径。SWOT分析结果表明:目前在中国存在湿地资源丰富、各级政府高度重视湿地保护等优势,但我国在湿地可持续经营认证方面存在市场需求有限、管理水平低等劣势。这些优势和劣势给湿地可持续经营认证的推进带来了巨大的挑战与机遇。开展湿地可持续经营认证,需要充分评估湿地环境的基本状况、自我修复与维持能力以及人为生产经营管理过程的有效性和合理性,同时对湿地产品的品质与安全性进行检验认证,建议尽快启动湿地可持续经营认证工作。     

Carbon Sequestration Potential of the Forest Ecosystems in the Western Ghats,a Global Biodiversity Hotspot

Global warming with the burgeoning anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (400 parts per million from 280 ppm CO₂ emissions of pre-industrial era) has altered climate, eroding the ecosystem productivity and sustenance of water, affecting the livelihood of people. The anthropogenic activities such as burning fossil fuel, power generation, agriculture, industry, polluting water bodies and urban activities are responsible for increasing GHG footprint of which 72% constitute CO₂. GHG footprint needs to be in balance with sequestration of carbon to sustain ecosystem functions. Forests are the major carbon sinks (about 45%) that aid in mitigating global warming. The current research focusses on the carbon budgeting through quantification of emissions and sinks in the forest ecosystems and changes in climatic conditions of Western Ghats. This would help in evolving appropriate mitigation strategies toward sustainable management of forests and mitigate impacts of global warming. The land-use land-cover (LULC) dynamics are the prime driver of climate change due to the loss of carbon sequestration potential as well as emissions. The Western Ghats are one among 36 global biodiversity hotspots and forests in this region sequester atmospheric carbon, which aid in moderating the global climate and sustaining water to ensure water and food security in the peninsular India. Assessment of LULC dynamics using temporal remote sensing data shows the decline of evergreen forest by 5% with an increase in agriculture, plantations and built-up area. The interior or intact forests have declined by 10%, and they are now confined to protected areas. The simulation of likely changes indicates that the region will have only 10% evergreen cover and 17% agriculture, 40% plantations and 5% built-up. Quantification of carbon reveals that the WG forest ecosystem holds 1.23 MGg (million gigagrams or Gt) in vegetation and soils. The annual incremental carbon is about 37,507.3 Gg, (or 37.5 million tons, Mt) and the highest in the forests of Karnataka part of WG. Simulation of the likely changes in carbon content indicates the loss of 0.23 MGg (2018–2031) carbon sequestration potential under business as usual scenario. The conservation scenario depicts an increase in carbon sequestration potential of WG forests with the protection. Sequestered carbon in WG is about INR 100 billion ($1.4 billion) at carbon trading of INR 2142 ($30) per tonne. Large-scale land-cover changes leading to deforestation has contributed to an increase in mean temperature by 0.5°C and decline in rainy days, which necessitates evolving prudent landscape management strategies involving all stakeholders for conservation of ecologically fragile WG. This will enhance the ability of forests to sequester atmospheric carbon and climate moderation, with the sustenance of ecosystem goods and services.

     

加拿大林木种苗基地建设与管理

<正> 一、加拿大林业概况 加拿大位于北美北部,国土总面积997万平方公里,人口3100万,全国划分10个省2个特区。加拿大森林资源十分丰富,有林地面积418万平方公里,森