塔克拉玛干沙漠土壤水分运动参数的计算

利用田间实测的一套土壤含水率对应基质势数据，根据Van Genuchten提出的水分特征曲线公式，用最小二乘法拟合了塔克拉玛干沙漠中部土壤的水分特征曲线方程。根据水分特征曲方程中的参数，采用Mualem提出的非饱和土壤导水率公式，推算了当地非饱和土壤导水率公式。并根据上述计算结果，推算了非饱和土壤扩散率和比水容量两个参数的计算公式。     

不同粒径沙土水分扩散率

应用水平土柱入渗法测定了科尔沁沙地典型沙质农田不同粒径沙土的水分扩散率。结果表明:不同粒径沙土湿润锋迁移速率的大小依次是0.50~0.25 mm、0.25~0.10 mm、原状土、<0.10 mm的沙土;土壤粒径与入渗性能呈正比关系,即粒径大,则入渗快,反之则小;湿润锋迁移速率与入渗距离符合幂函数关系,相关分析结果均达到了极显著水平;粒径<0.10 mm的沙土,当土壤容积含水量<0.415时,λ值随含水量的增加而缓慢降低,而当含水量>0.415时,λ值则随含水量的增加而迅速降低;随着土壤粒径的减小,土壤水分扩散率逐渐降低,其大小依次是0.50~0.25 mm、原状土、0.25~0.10 mm、<0.10 mm的沙土;土壤容积含水率与土壤水扩散率符合经验公式并呈指数曲线变化,相关分析结果具有极显著的正相关关系。     

堆肥对土壤主要营养元素可溶性的影响--以0.01MCaCl2作浸提剂

以土壤与不同比例堆肥混合培养试验为基础,研究了堆肥对土壤主要营养元素可溶性的影响。对试验结果的统计分析表明,在０．０１ＭＣａＣｌ２浸提液中的可溶有机全碳（ＴＯＣ）在堆肥比例１０％时急剧上升;ＮＯ３＾－和Ｋ随堆肥比例的增加而明显增加。ＴＯＣ在混合物培养７５ｄ前明显下降后又上升;ＮＯ３＾－随培养时间的变化无规律;Ｋ随培养时间而下降;Ｐ不受堆肥比例及培养时间的影响。     

水分、盐分和埋深对铃铛刺和疏叶骆驼刺种子萌发的影响

在塔里木河下游通过不同水分、盐分和埋深对铃铛刺(Halimodendron halodendron)和疏叶骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)种子萌发的影响进行了研究,结果显示:(1)水分显著影响铃铛刺种子的萌发(P＜0.001),随着土壤水分含量的增加,种子的萌发率呈现先增加后下降的趋势;水分对疏叶骆驼刺种子萌发的影响不显著(P＞0.05).(2)盐分极显著影响2种植物种子的萌发(P＜0.05),铃铛刺种子萌发率随盐(NaCL)浓度增加呈直线下降趋势(R2=0.935 1);疏叶骆驼刺种子的萌发率随着盐浓度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势(R2=0.845 8),即低盐浓度(0～0.2 mol/,L)促进骆驼刺种子的萌发,盐浓度＞0.3 mol/L,种子萌发开始受到抑制.(3)埋深明显影响豆科植物种子的萌发.两种植物种子发芽率随埋深的增加呈先增加后下降的趋势,当埋深为0和2 cm时均不萌发.     

层状土壤中砂层层位对潜水蒸发的影响

通过室内一维土柱实验,研究了夹砂层土体构型中砂层层位对潜水蒸发的影响,分析了其影响机理,进一步讨论了砂层位置和水分蒸发的定量关系。结果表明,砂层对于水分的蒸发既有促进也有抑制作用,在地下水埋深为50cm时,5cm厚的底砂层可使水分的蒸发强度增加10％-20％;砂层距水位的距离大于5cm时,砂层可抑制水分的蒸发,且当距离增加到35cm左右,其抑制率可达70％-80％;当砂层距水位的距离继续增大时,水分的蒸发强度基本保持不变。这主要是由砂层自身的导水率变化以及砂层与同剖面中其它土质导水率的相对大小发生变化而引起。累积蒸发量与砂层层位以及蒸发历时之间定量关系的建立为预测砂层对潜水蒸发的影响以及估算特定历时蒸发损失量最小的砂层层位提供了依据。     

水分胁迫及遮光处理对沙漠植物约书亚树(Yucca breviolia)幼苗光合特性的影响

以3年生约书亚树(Yucca brevi folia)幼苗为试材,选择不同水分胁迫(相对含水量≥75％(正常)、50％～60％(中度)和35％～45％(重度))及不同遮光处理(自然光、60％透光和20％透光)进行试验,对幼苗光合特性指标及叶绿素相对含量值(SPAD)进行研究.结果表明:(1)随着水分胁迫的加剧,约书亚树幼苗净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、水分利用效率(WUE)明显下降,但自然光下重度水分胁迫幼苗WUE值远高于其他处理.幼苗光饱和点(LSP)均表现为重度水分胁迫＞正常供水＞中度水分胁迫.(2)水分胁迫下,60％透光率处理的幼苗叶宽增加,Pn、蒸腾速率(Tr)及Gs明显提高,而20％透光率下幼苗各指标均显著降低.(3)相同光照条件下,随着水分胁迫的加剧,幼苗SPAD值明显下降;相同水分条件下,随着透光率的减小,幼苗SPAD值增大.因此,在约书亚树幼苗培育时,应适当增加水分胁迫以提高幼苗的水分利用效率及光饱和点,同时,适当的遮光环境(透光率在60％左右)也可提高幼苗的光合能力及SPAD值,确保约书亚树幼苗生长及在我国沙漠地区引种成功.     

沙质土壤水分运动参数研究

利用土壤水动力学原理,在室内测定了沙质土壤水分特征曲线、饱和导水率和非饱和导水率。在沙地葡萄园,建立观测场,埋设中子管和负压计,观测水分和吸力变化,基质吸力随土层加深而减小,10 cm处全年最大为126 cm水柱(12.4k Pa),30 cm处全年最大为116 cm水柱(11.4k Pa)。4月份吸力最大,土壤最干燥,7月份吸力最小,土壤最湿润。     

中国陆地区域气象要素的空间插值

在区域农田生态系统生产力模拟模型研究中，空间插值可以提供每个计算栅格的气象要素资料。然而，在众多的气象要素空间插值方法中，并没有一种适合每一个气象要素的普适的最佳插值方法。本文以全国７２５站１９５１～１９９０年整编资料中的旬平均温度和计算得来的６７５站的月乎均光合有效辐射日总量（ＰＡＲ）为数据源，选用了距离平方反比法（ＩＤＳ）、梯度距离平方反比法（ＧＩＤＳ）和普通克立格法（ＯＫ）等３种插值方法，进行了方法选取的探讨。交叉验证结果表明：３种方法中，温度插值的平均绝对误差（ＭＡＥ）的排序为ＩＤＳ＞ＯＫ＞ＧＩＤＳ，其值分别为２．１５℃、１.９０℃和 ｌ．３２℃；在作物生长季节（４－１０月），ＭＡＥ分别 ２０℃、１．９℃和 １.２℃ ，表明ＧＩＤＳ在温度插值方面更具实用价值；对于ＰＡＲ，ＭＡＥ的排序为ＯＫ＞ＧＩＤＳ＞ＩＤＳ，其值分别为 ０．８３ＭＪ／ｍ２、０７１ＭＪ／ ｍ２和 ０．４６ＭＪ／ｍ２，说明复杂的方法并不必然具有更好的效果。对这２个气象要素的空间分布特征分析表明：温度和ＰＡＲ的经、纬向梯度和高度梯度均具有明显的季节性变化特征；温度的纬向梯度有近似正弦曲线的较强的季节变化，表现为夏季高，而冬、春季低；温度的高度梯度年     

沙生植物水分特征曲线及水分关系的初步研究

应用植物水分特征曲线(PV曲线)研究了油蒿(Artemisia ordosica)和柠条(caragana korshimskii)的各种水分状况参数及其相互关系。结果表明:油蒿和柠条在干旱环境中具有相似的水分生理特点,水势降低、束缚水与自由水比值增大、组织体积弹性模量减小。在充分吸胀植物组织逐渐失水初期,水势的迅速降低主要是由于压力的降低引起的;当组织失去膨压(压力势△ψ_r,=0)后,渗透势成为水势的主要部分。植物失水临界状态的水分状况不是固定不变的,临界水势和水分饱和亏缺随干旱条件发生变化是植物响应沙地水分亏缺的特征之一。在对干旱环境的适应途径方面,油蒿具有高水势、高蒸腾的耐旱特征,细胞壁坚硬、弹度小,通过维持较高膨压保持水分;柠条具有低水势、低蒸腾的耐旱特征,细胞壁较柔软、弹性大,具较强耐脱水能力。     

科尔沁沙地樟子松水分来源贡献率的稳定同位素模型估计(英文)

利用稳定同位素技术测定降水、土壤水、植物茎干水的同位素组成,结合多元线性混合模型(IsoSource)确定科尔沁沙地东南部樟子松人工林内樟子松的根系吸水范围以及各水源的水分贡献率。通过连续观测强降水事件前后樟子松水分来源的变化,探究降水对樟子松水分利用的影响。结果表明樟子松茎干水与20cm以下土层的土壤水同位素组成最为接近,樟子松的水分吸收主要集中在这一层(最大取样深度80cm)。IsoSource模拟结果与观测结果一致,土壤水分条件较好时,大约60%以上的水分来自于20-80cm土层;当这一深度土壤含水量降低时,樟子松将会更多地依赖更深层的土壤水分。樟子松根系分布的最大深度远小于地下水位,因此很难利用到地下水。2009年7月13日14.4mm的降水前后,樟子松茎干水同位素组成的变化表明,降水结束后36小时樟子松可以感应到降水对表层20cm土壤水分的补充,这一土层的水分贡献率在接下来的24小时内迅速降低。不同水分条件下水分来源的多样性表明樟子松能较好地适应沙地生境。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Guidelines to Authors

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,