东黄海日本鲐灯光围网渔场重心年际变化及其与环境因子关系

根据1998—2011年我国大型灯光围网渔船在东黄海捕捞日本鲐的生产数据,利用最短空间距离法对鲐其渔场重心进行聚类分析,对渔场重心的聚类结果,利用灰色关联度分析方法,分析海表温度(Sea Surface Temperature,SST)、海平面高度(Sea Surface Height,SSH)和叶绿素a质量浓度(ρChl-a)与渔场重心的关联程度。结果表明:环境因子对渔场重心的影响程度从高到低依次为SST、SSH、ρChl-a,环境因子与渔场重心在纬度上的关联性比经度密切。     

东、黄海鲐鱼群体遗传差异的RAPD分析

利用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术分别分析了五岛西部日本鲐、东海西部日本鲐和澳洲鲐三群体的样本,共产生226个分子标记,其中143个为多态性标记,多态百分率达到63.3%,每条引物产生的平均标记数为7.29。五岛西部日本鲐、东海西部日本鲐和澳洲鲐群体内遗传相似度分别为0.949、0.877和0.936,而群体间遗传距离依次为:五岛西部日本鲐-东海西部日本鲐(0.2357)<东海西部日本鲐-澳洲鲐(0.3030)<五岛西部日本鲐-澳洲鲐(0.3528),五岛西部日本鲐与东海西部日本鲐个体在UPGMA系统树独立聚类为两个类群,初步支持东、黄海的日本鲐存在东海西部和五岛西部的两个种群的观点。Shannon多样性指数表明,其遗传多样性大小依次为东海西部日本鲐、澳洲鲐、五岛西部日本鲐。     

基于气候和环境因子的近海鲐鱼资源评估

【目的】研究环境与气候因子对鲐鱼的生长、繁殖和补充的影响。【方法】根据我国东、黄海鲐鱼灯光围网渔业捕获量、捕捞努力量建立剩余产量模型,尝试用6月产卵场(127°30′E、29°30′N)的平均海表温(SST)、Nino 3.4区海表温度距平值(Nino-SSTA)、太平洋中高纬年代际振荡(PDO)和南方涛动指数(SOI)4个因子对剩余产量模型进行优化,分析SST、Nino-SSTA、PDO和SOI对东、黄海鲐鱼资源量和最大可持续产量的影响。【结果】经过Pearson相关性分析,发现PDO对CPUE残差无影响,对SST、Nino-SSTA和SOI有影响。选取相关性较高的SST、Nino-SSTA对模型进行优化,发现优化后的模型对鲐鱼渔获量的拟合效果比优化前显著增强。【结论】6月份产卵场SST、Nino 3.4区海表温度距平值对鲐鱼资源变化有明显的影响,建议在渔业管理中应根据各年环境因子的情况确定最大可持续产量,合理制定管理策略。     

基于模型流的资源环境模型复合语言与应用

资源环境领域的研究对象常被抽象为若干子模型复合而成的复杂模型,如何有效地集成这些子模型成为资源环境模型集成的主要内容。随着各种地学相关问题的日益复杂和多样化,传统的建模语言与友好易用的图形建模等集成建模方式已无法满足大规模高复杂的模型构建需求。本文在已有的相关理论基础上,针对复合模型构建的灵活性和复杂性之间的矛盾,将模型复合模式的本质抽象化,提出资源环境"模型流"的形式化语言描述,实现了模型流建模环境。应用实例表明,基于模型流的模型构建方式采用简洁的符号表示,避免了繁琐的图形构建环节,可快速灵活地构建高复杂度模型。模型流的提出为模型复合的调度性能优化和智能自动化集成等进一步的研究奠定了基础。     

基于GIS的渔业环境因子制图算法及其分析比较

介绍了在地理信息系统(CIS)中渔业环境因子等值线(面)专题图的基本算法，比较分析了不同算法输出的结果。分析表明，Kriging算法更能准确地反映渔业环境要素的时空分布的特点和变化趋势。     

基于GIS的渔业环境因子制图算法及其分析比较

介绍了在地理信息系统 (GIS)中渔业环境因子等值线 (面 )专题图的基本算法 ,比较分析了不同算法输出的结果。分析表明 ,Kriging算法更能准确地反映渔业环境要素的时空分布的特点和变化趋势。     

东海近岸海域赤潮与环境因子的关系

【目的】探讨东海沿海赤潮发生与环境因子的关系。【方法】对2003-2016年东海11个赤潮监控区的调查与监测数据进行统计分析,并采用Spearman秩相关系数法研究了赤潮与环境因子关联关系。【结果】东海近岸海域赤潮发生与水温、pH与溶解氧呈显著正相关关系,与活性磷酸盐、硝酸盐等无机营养盐呈显著负相关关系。【结论】赤潮发生时水温一般为25～33℃,pH为8～9,溶解氧5～10 mg/L,营养盐处于极低值水平。     

南麂列岛浅海区鱼种组成、分布与环境因子的关系

根据2013年11月、2014年2、5、9月在南麂列岛国家海洋自然保护区浅海区域的渔业资源调查资料,研究南麂列岛浅海区域的鱼类种类组成及数量分布,并对其与水文环境因子之间的关系作定量分析。结果表明,南麂列岛浅海区域鱼类有92种,隶属15目、49科、74属,鱼类种数春季(55种)冬季(45种)秋季(44种)夏季(34种),其中优势种为龙头鱼(Harpodon nehereus)、六指马鲅(Polynemus sextarius)、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys)、凤鲚(Coilia mystus)、棘头梅童鱼(Collichthys lucidus)和绿鳍鱼(Chelidonichthys kumu)等6种。鱼类生物量各季节由高到低依次为夏季(825.87 kg)冬季(160.05 kg)秋季(139.14 kg)春季(124.94kg)。典范对应分析认为,底层盐度和水深是影响调查海域鱼类种类组成和数量分布的主要环境因子。     

基于环境因子的西北太平洋秋刀鱼剩余产量模型建立

根据1995-2014年西北太平洋秋刀鱼渔业渔获量、单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)、其产卵场的表温(sea surface temperature,SST)及太平洋年代气候振动(Pacific Decade Oscillation,PDO),分别以PDO因子纳入和不纳入,建立基于SST因子的剩余产量模型,分析SST与PDO对秋刀鱼资源的影响。结果显示,3月产卵场132°30′E、35°30′N的SST与CPUE关系密切,可作为表征资源丰度的因子;加入PDO的影响后,SST与CPUE的关系更加密切。研究表明,秋刀鱼资源量和持续产量的变动受捕捞努力量、产卵场SST和PDO控制。建议在渔业管理中应根据各年海洋环境状况来确定最大可持续产量,并实时调整管理方案。     

青海省国土资源厅赴日本国『水资源与环境』考察纪实

黄河“东西贯九州，南北串百川”，被尊为“四渎之宗”、“百泉之首”。她发源于青藏高原，流经黄土高原，到华北平原，在山东东营市注入渤海．全长5464km．流域面积75万km^2．是西北和华北地区的重要水源。     

A THREE-DIMENSIONAL THERMOCLINE MODEL FOR THE YELLOW SEA AND NORTHERN EAST CHINA SEA

A time-dependent, three-dimensional finite difference model is presented for simulating the stratifiedYellow Sea and northem East China Sea. The mode is forced by time-dependent observed wind, surfaceflux of heat, and tidal turbulence. With this model, momentum and temperature distribution can be computed,and an approximation for the sub-grid scale effects is introduced by the use of mass and momentumexchange coefficients. The vertical exchanges are quite dependent on these assumed coefficents, whichare complicated functions of the turbulence energy of tide and wind, of the stratified strength and otherfactors. This model was applied to describe the mechanics of the variations in strength and thickness ofthe thermocline covering almost the whole Yellow Sea and northern East Chna Sea in summer. Comparisonsof the computed output with obtained survey data led to some important conclusions.     

基于遥感水质的夏季东海鲐鱼渔情预报研究

根据2007~2009年7~9月渔汛期间我国鲐鱼灯光围网在东海的生产数据,利用海表温、叶绿素浓度、悬浮物浓度和透明度等遥感水质数据,分别将作业网次比例和单网次产量(CPUE)作为适应性指数,利用算术平均数(AM)和几何平均数(GM)分别建立基于海表温、叶绿素浓度、悬浮物浓度和透明度的综合栖息地指数模型。结果表明,AM栖息地指数模型和GM栖息地指数模型拟合效果较好(P<0.01),在HSI大于0.5的海域,2007~2009年7~9月平均作业网次比例在65%以上,各月平均CPUE均高于19.82 t/net。研究认为,AM模型稍优于GM模型。利用2010年7~9月生产数据及遥感水质数据对AM模型进行验证,分析认为,87%以上的作业网次和产量分布在HSI高于0.5的海域,CPUE为14~17 t/net,且较稳定,波动较小。研究认为,基于遥感水质数据的AM栖息地指数模型能较好地预测东海鲐鱼渔场。     

基于GIS的东黄海渔场影响因子分析

利用地理信息系统(GIS)技术、结合近年对东黄海海洋渔业资源与环境的调查资料,对东黄海渔场的渔业资源变化的主要影响因子进行空间分析与叠加,得到该渔场的资源分布与水温、初级生产力、饵料、底质等因子的时空分布专题图,经过相关分析,即可掌握当前该渔场资源的概况。     

Age and Growth of Chub Mackerel （Scomberjaponicus） in the East China and Yellow Seas Using Sectioned Otolith Samples

Although chub mackerel (Scomberjaponicus) is a primary pelagic fish species,we have only limited knowledge on itskey life history processes.The present work studied the age and growth of chub mackerel in the East China and Yellow Seas.Agewas determined by interpreting and counting growth rings on the sagitta otoliths of 252 adult fish caught by the Chinese commercialpurse seine fleet during the period from November 2006 to January 2007 and 150 juveniles from bottom trawl surveys on the spawn-ing ground in May 2006.The difference between the assumed birth date of 1 st April and date of capture was used to adjust the agedetermined from counting the number of complete translucent rings.The parameters of three commonly used growth models,the vonBertalanffy,Logistic and Gompertz models,were estimated using the maximum likelihood method.Based on the Akaike InformationCriterion (AIC),the von Bertalanffy growth model was found to be the most appropriate model.The size-at-age and size-at-maturityvalues were also found to decrease greatly compared with the results achieved in the 1950s,which was caused by heavy exploitationover the last few decades.     

Identification and characterization of a new IgE-binding protein in mackerel (Scomber japonicus) by MALDI-TOF-MS

As fish is one source of the ‘big eight’ food allergens,the prevalence of fish allergy has increased over the past few years.In order to better understand fish allergy,it is necessary to identify fish allergens.Based on the sera from fish-allergenic patients,a 28 kDa protein from local mackerel (Scomber japonicus),which has not been reported as a fish allergen,was found to be reactive with most of the patients’ sera.The 28 kDa protein was analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry).Mascot search in NCBI database (Date: 08/07/2010) showed that the top protein matched,i.e.triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) from Xiphophorus maculatus and Poecilia reticulata,had a mowse (molecular weight search) score of 98.In addition,TPI from Epinephelus coioides also matched this mackerel protein with a mowse score of 96.Because TPI is con-sidered as an allergen in other non-fish organisms,such as lychee,wheat,latex,archaeopotamobius (Archaeopotamobius sibiriensis) and crangon (Crangon crangon),we consider that it may also be an allergen in mackerel.     

The suspended sediment concentration distribution in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea

The distribution of the suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea (BYECS) is studied based on the observed turbidity data and model simulation results. The observed turbidity results show that (i) the highest SSC is found in the coastal areas while in the outer shelf sea areas turbid water is much more difficult to observe, (ii) the surface layer SSC is much lower than the bottom layer SSC and (iii) the winter SSC is higher than the summer SSC. The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) is used to simulate the SSC distribution in the BYECS. A comparison between the modeled SSC and the observed SSC in the BYECS shows that the modeled SSC can reproduce the principal features of the SSC distribution in the BYECS. The dynamic mechanisms of the sediment erosion and transport processes are studied based on the modeled results. The horizontal distribution of the SSC in the BYECS is mainly determined by the current-wave induced bottom stress and the fine-grain sediment distribution. The current-induced bottom stress is much higher than the wave-induced bottom stress, which means the tidal currents play a more significant role in the sediment resuspension than the wind waves. The vertical mixing strength is studied based on the mixed layer depth and the turbulent kinetic energy distribution in the BYECS. The strong winter time vertical mixing, which is mainly caused by the strong wind stress and surface cooling, leads to high surface layer SSC in winter. High surface layer SSC in summer is restricted in the coastal areas.