超然于时代的写作——论曹聚仁二十世纪五六十年代的随笔散文

20世纪50年代和60年代是曹聚仁随笔散文写作的高峰期。这一时期,无论是内地还是港台,政治气氛都十分浓厚。而作为国共两党的联系人的曹聚仁疏离政治,可以自由地往来于大陆和港台之间,仍然保持与母体文化联系,从而使他在写作上保持一定的文化优势。曹聚仁在随笔写作中重在对所游之地、所读之书的文史挖掘,显示出深厚的文化底蕴。曹聚仁以随笔散文的方式传承着民族文化的血脉,独自守望着古老而深厚的民族文化,具有十分重要的意义。     

李四光教授与中国现代地理学的发展

本文简述李四光教授支持发展中国现代地理学特别是关于自然区划和冰川冻土研究的若干事例,借以表彰李先生宽广开拓的胸怀与对地理科学的热诚,纪念李先生百年诞辰。     

A PIONEER OF SOVIET PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

The tribute to Ivan Mikhaylovich Gubkin as written by M. I. Varentsov not only notes his contribution to Russian economic geology and to petroleum geology in particular but also his contribution to the Communist Party and the socialist government which it directs. The paper includes a discussion of his political philosophy. It stresses his insistence upon rigorous mental attack of geologic problems. It points out his realization that the solution of many practical geologic problems lies in a better understanding of the stratigraphic and tectonic framework (or geologic history) of major geologic regions such as geosynclines and platforms. [Much material of political nature is omitted in this abridged translation]. --WD. Lowry.     

从出走台湾到回归雨林的婆罗洲之子——马华旅台作家张贵兴小说精神流变的分析

张贵兴的早期小说曾受到台湾文坛热捧,但其创作中的异质风格与台湾文坛创作风气是不同的。从留台生文学的青涩模仿,到不同经验的书写实践,再到自成一脉的雨林书写,他用自己的笔墨展现出自己创作生涯中的不同的艺术实践过程,后期的南洋雨林魔幻世界的书写,集合象征、寓言和历史再现于一体,展现出一位旅台马华作家对原乡书写的不懈追求。     

Before the Scottish Survey: Alfred Harker the Geologist

The archival papers of the eminent petrologist Alfred Harker span his entire geological career of over 60 years. These are held by the Archive of the Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences (University of Cambridge). Harker was associated with the Department of Geology, the Woodwardian Museum and post-1904, the Sedgwick Memorial Museum. Importantly, his meticulously labelled notebooks provide an unprecedented insight into his development as a field and laboratory scientist. They chart Harker's beginnings as a fossil collector and observer of sedimentary stratigraphy on the North Yorkshire coast, his trips to Wales and Devon with the Sedgwick Club, and his later work in the English Lake District with his friend and colleague John. E. Marr. This paper examines in particular Harker's suite of 20 notebooks kept up until 1894, including his trip to Edinburgh in August 1892. This visit introduced the young scientist to the geology of Scotland for the first time. An overview of Harker's experience and contemporary contacts suggests some reasons why Sir Archibald Geikie later invited him to join the Scottish Survey staff in 1895.     

A petrologist in South Africa: Frederick Henry Hatch and the Witwatersrand Goldfield

The English geologist, Frederick Henry Hatch (1864–1932), today mainly recalled for a textbook on igneous petrology, emigrated to South Africa, where, in the years between 1892 and 1906, he became one of the pioneers of the geology of the Transvaal and the Witwatersrand Goldfield. This article reviews his life and, in particular, his work during this period which led to his becoming a mining geologist with connections to many of the world's goldfields, set against the political background of the Boer War which influenced the course of his work.     

William Smith's map brought alive by digital remastering

The geological mapping carried out by William Smith, which resulted in the publication of his famous map in 1815, was remarkable in many respects, not least because it relied on him being able to make consistent and accurate observations on the rock types he encountered during his fieldwork. This ability, gained from his many years studying rocks, allowed him to observe features with his own eyes (or at the very least, with the aid of a simple magnifying device) that others could not. We take a new look at William Smith's original stratigraphical sequences, and with samples collected from his classic field areas (many of which are around the city of Bath, Somerset, UK), demonstrate how spatial mineralogy mapping can be incorporated into the modern age of digital mapping.     

思念裴文中院士

裴文中教授是我国地质学界前辈中最富传奇色彩的杰出科学家之一 ,因发现周口店“北京人”而享誉科学界。他的聪明才智和对科学的执着追求 ,终于把伟大的科学发现带给了科学界和广大民众。他的业绩和关心贫苦的精神深深影响了他的同事和学生也影响了同时代的中国地质学家。为纪念这位伟大的第四纪地质学家、古脊椎动物学家和史前考古学家逝世 2 0周年 ,作者怀着无限崇敬的心情 ,通过日常接触和交往中的一些小故事 ,介绍了裴文中教授的人格魅力 ,他留下的这些精神财富无疑是对我们为社会和科学事业做出更多贡献的巨大推动力。在这篇纪念短文中 ,作者希望大家从裴文中教授之所以在其科学生涯中取得成就 ,和在中国地质学界受敬仰的点点滴滴中得到启示。     

科学家的人文关怀--读80年前德日进第一次来华时的书信

文章通过读德日进1923～1924年第一次来华工作期间的书信，介绍了德日进思想中的几个重要侧面：其宗教思想中的“上帝”及“现世”；学术研究应跨学科综合进行；精神生活的首要地位以及如何看待东西方文化的异同。     

Comment on ‘Testing earthquake prediction methods: “The West Pacific short-term forecast of earthquakes with magnitude MwHRV ≥ 5.8”’ by V.G. Kossobokov

In his paper Kossobokov investigates the efficiency of our short-term forecast for two western Pacific regions. Although we agree with the basic results of his evaluation that the forecast statistics is much better than a random guess, we have reservations about his definition of earthquake prediction, some of his tests, and his interpretation of the test results. We distinguish between deterministic earthquake predictions and statistical forecasts. We argue that some techniques used by Kossobokov may not be appropriate for testing our forecasts and discuss other testing methods, based on the likelihood function. We demonstrate that Kossobokov's null hypothesis may be biased, and this bias can influence some of his conclusions. We show that contrary to Kossobokov's statement, our algorithm predicts mainshocks when they are preceded by foreshocks.     

Spatial contestation? – The theological foundations of Carl Schmitt’s spatial thought

Carl Schmitt’s work on the political is extensively used as an intellectual point of departure in contemporary academic debates about political contestation. More precisely, Carl Schmitt’s friend versus enemy-distinction is invoked as an essential figuration of political contestation. At the same time, the past few years have seen the attention paid to the spatial thought of Carl Schmitt increase. However, references to the work of Carl Schmitt fail to take the embeddedness of his theories in a complex theological–political–spatial triangle into account. This article aims at joining these readings of Schmitt with regard to the current debate about contestation and space by analyzing the idiosyncratic connection between Carl Schmitt’s Catholic faith, especially in the figure of the katechon, his theory of the political and his conceptualization(s) of space. The underlying logic of his worldview becomes explicit by reviewing his concepts of (a) the nomos, (b) land and sea, (c) the Großraumordnung, as well as (d) the Partisan, which form the benchmarks of his work between the 1930s and the 1960s. Against this background we analyze the value of Schmitt’s work for the ongoing debate about contestation and space. Our core argument is that his understanding of the spatial–political nexus and his metaphysical worldview stand in contrast to contemporary conceptualizations of spatial–political relationships.     

侯德封——新中国第四纪科学研究的创始人、倡导者和支持者

侯德封院士 (1900～1980)是新中国一位杰出的地质学家和地球化学家 ,他是中国第四纪科学研究的创始人、倡导者和支持者。在他任中国科学院地质研究所所长时 ,成立了第四纪地质研究室。在 50年代初他就提出化学地理这一概念 ,为后来第四纪地球化学的发展奠定了基础。他是一位兼蓄并容的地质学家 ,对地质学各分支学科都予关注和支持。侯德封先生一生培育了许多地质学科的新方向和新机构 ,他培育了几代中国地质和地球化学家 ,是一位令人尊敬的新中国地质研究的领导人。     

简谈李四光教授追求真理的精神

本文主要表彰李四光教授在科学研究上追求真理的精神,并略述他治学的方法和态度。文中举两个实例来说明问题,一个是他在壮年时期进行(竹蜓)科的研究和取得的重大成就,一个是他一生从事中国第四纪冰川遗迹的实地调查和室内研究。     

福田繁雄图形设计对首饰设计的指导性探索

作为世界平面设计大师,福田繁雄被认为是最具创新能力、最有个性的平面设计师,他的大量平面设计作品在国际上有着较高的地位。在他的平面作品中,简洁的视觉语言、玩味十足的幽默感以及用线、面等简练的表现手法构成了其独特的作品风格,给人以强烈的视觉冲击,充分地显示了他驾驭空间和图形语言的能力。笔者通过对福田繁雄的作品和创作手法进行分析,在设计元素的提取及创作手法中进行借鉴,总结出适用于开拓首饰设计思维的方法及设计理念,创作出具有时代风格及个人艺术表现力的设计作品,以此．来满足现代社会人们不断提高的消费需求,为首饰设计开辟新的发展空间。     

John Dewey’s metaphysical ground-map and its implications for geographical inquiry

John Dewey was the most significant and influential thinker associated with the American philosophy commonly known as pragmatism. Drawing on Dewey’s writings as well as the work of Deweyan scholars, I endeavor to explain Dewey’s unique contribution to philosophical discourse and how his overlooked scholarship can inform geographical inquiry. After an introduction, I provide a background understanding of Dewey and his context as well as the use of his philosophy in geography and sociology. I then turn to an exposition of Dewey’s metaphysics which are the heart of his philosophy. My discussion breaks his metaphysics into four parts: nature and continuity, contingency and change, situated sociality, and transaction. The subsequent section argues for Dewey’s distinction and value by arguing a particular implication of Dewey’s work for geography—a reconceptualization of place—and more general propositions about what a Dewey-informed geography would, at minimum, entail. A brief conclusion summarizes the Deweyan vision in the context of geographical inquiry.     

V.I. Vernadskiy,founder of radiogeology

The life of V. I. Vernadskiy is reviewed at the time of his 100th anniversary. He is considered a father of radiogeology, having devoted most of his adult life to the study of radioactive materials. — J.J. Finney     

尹赞勋教授和第四纪研究

尹赞勋教授是我国杰出的地质学家,他一生工作涉及地质学的许多分支学科。除了在古生物地层学领域的突出贡献外,他还是我国第四纪研究的先驱和开拓者。他回国后早期的研究工作很多是第四纪研究课题,如１９３２年对大同火山的研究。这些成果至今仍是我国第四纪地质的重要文献。晚年他再次赴大同火山区考察(１９７５年),以第四纪研究为他毕生最后一次野外工作。尹赞勋先生关心和支持中国第四纪研究委员会的成立和它的活动,他倡导中国第四纪研究人员与国外交流,扩大国际影响,中国第四纪能在今天走向世界,得益于尹赞勋先生的教诲。     

Agricola and Italy

Agricola's stay in Italy in his young years (1524–1526) played a crucial role in his education as a humanist and scholar. In the course of his visits to the most prestigious centers of Italian Renaissance culture and stays in Bologna and Venice, Agricola was deeply influenced by the new learning, conveyed through universities and diffused by print-shops. References to Italy in Agricola's later writings, although dispersed and casual, appear quite incisive and reveal a deep insight in his cultural as well as human experience.     

回忆父亲生活和工作中的几个片断

从家人的角度回忆了裴文中的青少年时代、参加周口店的发掘和研究工作、热爱自己的事业以及晚年等生活和工作中的几个片断。介绍了裴文中在周口店最初工作的几年发现中国猿人第一个头盖骨和石器的过程;记述了晚年生病的情况。