菱镁矿、蛇纹岩、碲金矿化学成分标准物质研制

当前我国尚无菱镁矿、蛇纹岩、高品位碲金矿化学成分标准物质,国外相应标准样品存在定值元素少,且主成分含量不成系列,不能满足地质行业对菱镁矿、蛇纹岩、碲金矿标准物质的迫切需求。该文研制了菱镁矿、蛇纹岩、碲金矿化学成分标准物质共12个,将采自典型矿区的样品按照常规球磨方式粉碎混匀,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)进行均匀性和稳定性检验,选择11家有资质的实验室,采取经典分析方法与现代仪器分析方法相结合的方式,选用2种以上不同原理的准确度高的可靠方法对该标准物质联合定值,依照JJF 1343—2012和一级标准物质技术规范,12个化学成分标准物质给出了30项主、微量元素的认定值和不确定度。其中,菱镁矿Mg O的含量范围为43.64%~81.26%,蛇纹岩Mg O的含量范围为23.73%~43.09%,高品位碲金矿Au的含量范围为19.6×10~(-6)~32.1×10~(-6)、Te的含量范围为51×10~(-6)~83×10~(-6),基本涵盖我国菱镁矿、蛇纹岩、高品位碲金矿的矿物类型,能够满足菱镁矿、蛇纹岩、碲金矿勘查、评价和开发的需求。     

西藏甲玛铜多金属矿床中新世埃达克岩特征

埃达克岩与Gu、Au等金属元素的富集关系密切,并对深部造山构造作用具有重要的指示意义。受到碰撞造山作用,在西藏地区发育了一条成矿潜力巨大的斑岩铜矿带,甲玛铜多金属矿床就位于该铜矿带的东段。对甲玛矿床中酸性侵入岩进行地球化学测试分析,结果显示:SiO_2(≥56%)、高Al_2O_3(≥15%)、低MgO(3%),Na_2O含量大于2.3%,K_2O含量大于2.1%,K_2O/Na_2O为0.6~1.2;稀土元素和微量元素结果显示高Sr(400×10~(-6)),低Yb(1.9×10-6)、低Y(15×10~(-6)),LREE富集,HREE亏损,无负Eu异常,具有埃达克岩地球化学特征,属于C型埃达克岩,为加厚下地壳或上地幔物质部分熔融所形成。     

远东拟沙丁鱼抗氧化肽对Caco-2细胞氧化应激损伤的影响

对远东拟沙丁鱼(Sardinops sagax)蛋白进行蛋白酶解和膜分离,得到分子质量100~3 000 u(F1)、3 000~10 000 u(F2)和大于10 000 u(F3)的多肽组分。在生化水平上测定各组分对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)、羟基自由基和过氧自由基清除能力;在细胞水平上,以H2O2对Caco-2细胞的毒性及细胞内抗氧化体系的影响为检测指标,筛选最适浓度的H2O2建立细胞氧化应激模型;在建立该模型的基础上,进一步检测蛋白多肽F1对氧化应激损伤细胞的修复功能。结果表明:组分F1对DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基和过氧自由基清除能力最强,清除率分别为56.03±0.14、86.26±0.32、38.34±1.70、54.85±0.75;100μmol/L的H2O2对细胞毒性作用较小,并可降低细胞中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总抗氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性和谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量,增加丙二醛(MDA)的含量,细胞氧化应激模型选择H2O2浓度为100μmol/L;在该模型条件下,F1对受损的Caco-2细胞中抗氧化体系中的GSH-Px、T-SOD、POD的活性和MDA、GSH的含量有一定恢复作用,可调节细胞中失衡的抗氧化体系。远东拟沙丁鱼多肽FI对细胞氧化应激受损有一定保护作用。     

气相色谱-质谱法分析香蕉叶挥发油化学成分

采用气相色谱 质谱法 (GC/MS)分析了香蕉叶中挥发油的化学成分 ,鉴定了 2 2个化合物 ,主要成分是十七烷、二十一烷、二十八烷、三十四烷、10 甲基 十九烷、3,7,11,15 四甲基十六烷、十五烷基环己烷等 ,占整个挥发性物质的 6 1.4 5% ;其次是 2 ,6 二叔丁基 4 甲基苯酚 ,占总挥发性物质的 14 .74 %。确认了C2 0 H42 同分异构体。     

东昆仑中段灶火沟花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其构造意义

东昆仑中段灶火沟花岗岩为一套石英闪长岩-英云闪长岩-花岗岩闪长岩-二长花岗岩的岩石组合。岩石具有连续的地球化学成分变化特征,SiO_2含量(质量分数,下同)为60.94%～74.14%,Al_2O_3含量为12.73%～16.22%,Na_2O+K_2O值为4.51%～7.61%,属中—高钾钙碱性的准铝质至弱过铝质I型花岗岩。岩石稀土元素总含量((106.62～182.76)×10~(-6))较低,平均值为144.25×10~(-6),总体表现出相对富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素、亏损高场强元素的特征,同时具有Ta、Nb、Ti负异常。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学分析表明,该套花岗岩形成于262～260 Ma,属中二叠世晚期。岩石地球化学特征表明,灶火沟花岗岩形成于大陆弧环境。结合区域地质背景可知,中二叠世晚期古特提斯洋已开始向北俯冲。岩石成因研究表明,幔源岩浆的底侵作用导致下地壳部分熔融,随后壳源熔体与幔源熔体发生不同程度的混合作用形成母岩浆,而后经历了一定程度的结晶分异作用,最终固结成岩。     

有机组分二次离子质谱特征及其裂解机理

二次离子质谱(SIMS)技术近年来被广泛用于分析煤和油气烃源岩有机组分化学成分和结构特征.在介绍SIMS质谱图解析方法的基础上,分析了有机组分二次离子组成特征;在综合研究有机组分SIMS质谱图特征的基础上,应用化学动力学原理对有机组分SIMS质谱裂解机理进行了探讨.结果表明:有机组分以芳香核为基本结构单元,且含有杂环并带有多种含氧基团和支链;有机组分SIMS质谱裂解由其复杂大分子结构中烷基苯不同化学键的解离能大小决定的;有机质结构中α碳和β碳之间的α—p键和支链碳的C—C键解离能最弱,有机化学结构中的α-β键和支链碳的C—C键容易断裂;与苯环相连支链中,(C6 H5) CH2—C2H5结构中的α-β键和支链碳的C—C键容易断裂而形成(C6H5)CH2-(91)、C2H5-(29)和CH3-(15)等碎片离子,这也是有机组分SIMS质谱图中最主要的碎片离子峰.     

微乳液介质—DBH-PF光度法测定食品中微量锗的研究

以阳离子型 O/ W CTMAB/ n- C5H11OH/ n- C7H16/ H2 O微乳液为介质 ,进行 Ge( IV) - DBH- PF的分光光度法测定 ,ε510 nm=2 .18× 10 5L· mol-1.cm-1,建立了高灵敏测定食品中微量锗的新方法 ,锗量在每 2 5m L 0～ 7.0μg范围内符合比尔定律 ,方法选择性好 ,试样无需萃取分离 ,可快速测定     

山东昌乐新生代玄武岩地球化学特征及地质意义

临朐昌乐火山岩盆地位于华北陆块东缘,以发育新生代玄武岩为特征。对临朐群尧山组玄武岩地球化学进行研究表明：SiO2含量为44.14%～45.69%, Al2O3含量为14.12%～14.76%,Na2O含量为4.12%～4.98%,K2O含量为0.95%～3.22%,A/CNK值在0.56～0.64之间,属超基性—基性岩类碱性玄武岩,具贫铝、富碱特征。大离子亲石元素Ba、K轻度富集, Rb元素显示相对亏损特征,高场强元素Nb、Ta表现为富集峰, Zr、Hf相对亏损,Ti富集,具地幔柱相关的碱性玄武岩特征;轻稀土总量（∑LREE）为188.84×10-6～283.41×10-6之间,重稀土总量（∑HREE）为18.76×10-6～24.14×10-6之间,δEu值为0.96～1.09,暗示岩浆源区没有斜长石残留。地球化学特征表明尧山组玄武岩形成于板内环境,其形成温度为1187.88～1215.70℃,形成压力大于等于3GPa,形成深度大于100km。     

气相色谱-质谱法分析香蕉叶挥发油化学成分

采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC／MS)分析了香蕉叶中挥发油的化学成分，鉴定了22个化合物，主要成分是十七烷、二十一烷、二十八烷、三十四烷、10-甲基-十九烷、3，7，11，15-四甲基十六烷、十五烷基环己烷等，占整个挥发性物质的61．45％；其次是2，6-二叔丁基4-甲基苯酚，占总挥发性物质的14．74％。确认了C20H42同分异构体。     

胶东玲珑矿田石英脉型金矿床中流体包裹体特征研究

玲珑矿田含有两种类型金矿床,一是蚀变岩型金矿床,二是石英脉型金矿床。该文重点研究玲珑金矿田西山矿区石英脉型金矿床中流体包裹体的特征。石英脉型金矿床分布在玲珑帚状构造之中,含金石英脉受"帚状构造"的断裂和节理控制,有300余条。流体包裹体显微观察研究表明,玲珑石英脉型金矿新鲜花岗岩和钾化花岗岩主要含有H2O包裹体,其次有少量H2O-CO2包裹体;(黄铁)绢英岩通常含较粗粒石英集合体,石英中有丰富的H2O,特别是H2O-CO2包裹体;金矿体(含金石英脉)含有明显数量的H2O-CO2包裹体;特别是存在较大的三相H2O-CO2包裹体。不同期次(世代)石英中H2O和H2O-CO2包裹体的大小、形态、相对含量和丰度变化较大。     

Heavy metals in sediments of Yellow Sea and East China Sea: Chemical speciation,distribution, infl uence factor,and contamination

Metal species and the degree of environmental pollution are related to the hydrogen sulfi de(H 2 S), an important product of early diagenesis that can react with metals to form stable compounds. To investigate the eff ects of H 2 S to metals and evaluate metal environment eff ect in the sediments of the East China Sea(ECS) and Yellow Sea(YS), geochemical characteristic and spatial distribution of nine heavy metals and H 2 S profi le were studied. Higher H 2 S content and lower metal content was observed in the sediments 10 cm in depth in the North Yellow Sea and the west coast of South Korea. The pollution load index( I pl) indicates that the southern coast of Shandong Peninsula underwent moderate pollution( I pl =1) of heavy metals and no heavy metal pollution appeared in other areas( I pl 1). To some extents, the ecological risk of Cd and As enrichment was moderately severe in all stations. The chance of heavy metal combination to be toxic in ECS and YS during summer was 21%. In addition, correlation between H 2 S content and metals in both solid and porewater phases was obvious, corroborating important eff ect of H 2 S on metal distribution. Moreover, H 2 S could aff ect the spatial distributions of heavy metals in porewater directly and be indicative of potential biological eff ects of combined toxicant groups in the study region.     

DISTRIBUTION OF DISSOLVED AND PARTICULATE TRACE METALS IN ANOXIC SEAWATER, SAANICH INLET, B . C. CANADA

This paper discusses the spatial and seasonal distribution character of dissolved and paniculate trace metals in the anoxic seawater of Saanich Inlet, B.C., Canada. The study showed that concentration of dissolved and paniculate trace metals in anoxic seawater is closely related to (1) the concentration of H2S and the depth of the O2-H2S interface, (2) the exchange of seawater in Saanich Inlet with outside seawater, (3) biotic action, and (4) the flushing event. The study was based in part on the ratio between trace metals and nutrients. There was a steep change in the concentration of dissolved trace metals at the O2-H2S interface. The concentration of dissolved trace metals in the H2S-controlled zone was dependent on the H2S there. The suspended matter in Saanich Inlet comes from the Hero Strait seawater, phytoplankton production and resuspension of flushed-up sediments. The concentration of particulate trace metals was rather low in Saanich Inlet and tended to increase with depth. The total concentra     

An approach to determination of phenolic compounds in seawater using SPME-GC-MS based on SWCNTs coating

Phenolic compounds have become one kind of the important pollutants of the marine environment. Single-walled Carbon nanotubes, as one-dimensional nano materials, have light weight and perfect hexagonal structure of connections, with many unusual mechanical, chemical and electrical properties. In recent years, with the research of carbon nanotubes and other nano materials, the application prospect is also constantly discussed. In this paper, homemade single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) coating was used for establishing an analytical approach to the determination of five kinds of phenolic compounds in seawater using SPME-GC-MS. Optimal conditions: After saturation was conducted with Na Cl, and p H was adjusted to 2.0 with H_2SO_4, the extract was immersed in a water bath at 40 for GC℃-MS determination through 40-min agitating extraction at 500 rmin~(-1) and 3-min desorption at 280℃. The liniearities ranged between 0.01-100 μg L~(-1), and the determination limits ranged between 1.5-10 ngL~(-1). The relative standard deviation(RSD, n = 5) was less than 6.5%. For the phenolic compounds obtained from the spiked recovery test for actual seawater samples, the rates of recovery were 87.5%-101.7%, and the RSDs were less than 8.8%, which met the requirements of determination. Due to its simplicity, high efficiency and low consumption, this approach is suitable for the analysis of trace amounts of phenolic compounds in marine waters.     

Characterization of a novel deep-sea microbial esterase EstC10 and its use in the generation of (R)-methyl2-chloropropionate

A novel esterase Est C10 from B acillus sp. CX01 isolated from the deep sea of the Western Pacific Ocean and the functionalities of Est C10 was characterized. At present, the reports about the kinetic resolution of racemic methyl 2-chloropropionate were quite rare. So we developed deep-sea microbial esterase Est C10 as a novel biocatalyst in the kinetic resolution of racemic methyl 2-chloropropionate and generate( R)-methyl 2-chloropropionate with high enantiomeric excess(99%) after the optimization of process parameters such as p H, temperature, organic co-solvents, surfactants, substrate concentration and reaction time. Notably, the optimal substrate concentration(80 mmol/L) of esterase Est C10 was higher than the kinetic resolution of another esterase, Est12-7(50 mmol/L). The novel microbial esterase Est C10 identified from the deep sea was a promising green biocatalyst in the generation of( R)-methyl 2-chloropropionate as well of many other valuable chiral chemicals in industry.     

THE DISCOVERED DEEP BURIED LAKE ICE IN SOURCE REGION OF THE HUANGHE RIVER

The 4.45 m-thick pure ice lens have been discovered firstly at depth from 19.81 -24.26 m in the bore No.6, which locates in north bank of the Ngoring Lake. In source region of the Huanghe (Yellow) River, 14C dating, X -ray diffraction, pollen analysis, micropalaeontology, chemical components, environmental isotope 2H, 3H, 18O and freezing point of the ice and water samples from the bore have been tested and microorganism in the ice have been also appraised with microscope. Combined with the research on geomorphy and Quaternary around the lake, the ice lens are determined as a kind of deep-buried lake ice, formed in 35,030-45,209 yr.B.P., and annual mean air temperature was about -10℃ during that time.     

Effects of iron electrovalence and species on growth and astaxanthin production of Haematococcus pluvialis

To increase the cell concentration and the accumulation of astaxanthin in the cultivation of Haematococcus pluvialis, effects of different iron eleetrovalencies (Fe2+-EDTA and Fe3+-EDTA) and species (Fe-EDTA, Fe(OH)32x and FeC6H5O7) addition on cell growth and accumulation of astaxanthin were studied. Results show that different iron electrovalencies have various effects on cell growth and astaxanthin accumulation of H. pluvialis. Compared with Fe3+-EDTA, Fe2+-EDTA stimulate more effectively the formation of astaxanthin. The maximum astaxanthin content (30.70 mg/g biomass cell)was obtained under conditions of 18 μmol/L Fe2+-EDTA, despite the lower cell density (2.3x105 cell/ml)in such condition. Fe3+-EDTA is more effective than Fe2+-EDTA in improving the cell growth. Especially,the maximal steady-state cell density, 2.9x105 cell/ml was obtained at 18 μmol/L Fe3+-EDTA addition. On the other hand, all the various species of iron (EDTA-Fe, Fe(OH)32x, FeC6H5O7) are capable to improve the growth of the algae and astaxanthin production. Among the three iron species, FeC6H5O7 performed the best. Under the condition of a higher concentration (36 μmol/L) of FEC6H5O7, the cell density and astaxanthin production is 2 and 7 times higher than those of iron-limited group, respectively. The present study demonstrates that the effects of the stimulation with different iron species increased in the order of FeC6H5O7, Fe(OH)32x/x and EDTA-Fe.     

Weathering, shock metamorphism and type distribution patterns of 98 ordinary chondrites from the Grove Mountains, Antarctica

Petrography and mineral chemistry of ninety-eight ordinary chondrites from Grove Mountains (GRV), Antarctica, were presented and their.weathering effect, shock metamorphism and type distribution patterns were discussed in this study. Among them, six are unequilibrated ordinary chondrites, including 3 H3 and 3 L3; and 92 meteorites are equilibrated ordinary chondrites, including 24 H-group (13 H4, 10 H5, 1 H6), 64 L-group (2 L4, 44 L5, 18 L6) and 4 LL-group (3 LL4, 1 LL5). Most GRV chondrites (>90%) displayed minor weathering effect (W1 and W2). About half of the meteorites experienced severe shock metamorphism. They commonly contain shock-induced melt veins and pockets. These heavily shocked meteorites provide us with natural samples for study of high-pressure polymorphs of minerals. In addition, the Grove Mountains collection seems to have more abundant unequilibrated and L group ordinary chondrites compared to the US Antarctic meteorite collection which were mainly found along the Transantarctic Mountains.     

基于无人机遥感的滨海盐碱地土壤空间异质性分析与作物光谱指数响应胁迫诊断

在已集中连片改造为农田的盐碱地上,开展无人机遥感作物土壤空间异质性分析与光谱指数响应胁迫诊断对于提升盐碱地利用效率、创造更多经济效益与生态价值具有重要意义。本研究以山东省东营市黄河三角洲典型滨海盐碱地集中连片旱作农田的主要作物——高粱和玉米为研究对象,利用固定翼无人机获取400 hm²滨海盐碱地多光谱遥感数据,并结合地面195个采样点的3个土层（0~10 cm、10~20 cm、20~40 cm）的土壤属性数据,对该研究区域内作物生长的土壤环境因子进行空间异质性分析与光谱指数响应胁迫诊断。基于土壤属性数据,利用反距离加权插值法,绘制该研究区域内土壤盐分、pH、有机质、全氮和速效氮共5个指标含量的水平与垂直空间分布图。插值结果显示,5种土壤属性指标存在显著水平和垂直空间异质性。基于随机森林模型,采用递归特征消除法,结合土壤指标对光谱指数的重要性值,探讨影响作物生长的主要土壤环境胁迫因子。结果表明,5种土壤属性因子均会对玉米和高粱生长造成影响,但主要胁迫因子分别为土壤速效氮含量（10~20 cm）和3个土层的盐分含量。本研究为大面积农情胁迫监测提供了一项有效的地面与航空协同监测方案,为盐碱地旱作农田管理与决策提供了理论依据和技术支持。