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介绍了岩石力学参数的测量方法及岩石动、静弹性参数相关关系,最后用实际声波测井资料来分析计划岩石的力学参数。 相似文献
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Jia-wen Zhou Xing-guo Yang Hui-ge Xing Yu-feng Xue Gang He 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2014,32(4):1149-1158
During slope excavation, high stresses can become concentrated in the rock mass because of stress redistribution. Failure of the rock mass creates an excavation-damaged zone (EDZ) in the slope. The damage reduces the acoustic wave velocity in the rock mass. Results of field tests measuring acoustic wave velocity at the Jinping I Hydropower Station are used here to study the EDZ in a tall rock slope. Two acoustic testing methods were adopted in the field tests: single-hole acoustic testing (SAT) and cross-hole acoustic testing (CAT). The acoustic wave velocity was lower in the EDZ, and the depth of the EDZ increased with decreasing slope elevation. Statistical analysis shows that the acoustic wave velocity obtained by the SAT method is larger than that obtained by the CAT method, and the relative difference between the SAT- and CAT-derived velocities is lower for a high quality rock mass than for a low quality rock mass. The integrity ratio and severity of damage can also be determined by acoustic wave velocity test results, revealing that the integrity ratio and elastic modulus of a rock mass are reduced in the EDZ. 相似文献
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为提高复合片在软岩钻进中的效率及寿命,提出了改变复合片切削齿形状,运用新的布齿方式和新的保径设计,设计制造的Φ76 mmPDC钻头在软岩钻进中取得了良好的效果。详细介绍了该软岩钻头的结构设计及现场应用效果。 相似文献
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QFGZ型潜孔锤反循环跟管钻头的研制 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为实现在复杂地层用同步跟管钻进工艺钻凿直径较大的桩孔和水井,设计了一种气动潜孔锤反循环跟管钻进钻头。介绍了该钻头的结构组成、工作原理和设计特点。与常规设计相比,该新型钻头流道设计可以增强排渣效果,保持孔底干净,减少重复破碎,提高钻进效率;边齿数量较多,耐磨损能力强,有利于提高使用寿命。 相似文献
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Jiewei Zhan Jianping Chen Peihua Xu Wen Zhang Xudong Han Xin Zhou 《Mathematical Geosciences》2017,49(8):1021-1056
The clustering and classification of fracture orientation data are crucial tasks in geotechnical engineering and rock engineering design. The explicit simulation of fracture orientations is always applied to compensate for the lack of direct measurements over the entire rock mass. In this study, a single step approach based on the theory of finite mixture models, where the component distributions are Fisher distributions, is proposed for automatic clustering and simulation of fracture orientation data. In the proposed workflow, the spherical K-means algorithm is applied to select the initial cluster centers, and the component-wise expectation–maximization algorithm using the minimum message length criterion is used to automatically determine the optimal number of fracture sets. An additional advantage of the proposed method is the representation of orientation data using a full sphere, instead of the conventional hemispherical characterization. The use of a full spherical representation effectively solves the issue of clustering for fractures with high dip angles. In addition, the calculation process of the mean direction is also simplified. The effectiveness of the model-based clustering method is tested with a complicated artificial data set and two real world data sets. Cluster validity is introduced to evaluate the clustering results. In addition, two other clustering algorithms are also presented for comparison. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can successfully detect the optimal number of clusters, and the parameters of the distributions are well estimated. In addition, the proposed method also exhibits good computational performance. 相似文献
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An Integrated Study of the Dynamics of Electromagnetic and Acoustic Regimes During Failure of Complex Macrosystems Using Rock Blocks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kamel Baddari Anatoly D. Frolov Victor Tourtchine Fayçal Rahmoune 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(3):269-280
The development of the failure process in complex macrosystems using large rock samples subjected to biaxial compression has
been studied by means of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) and acoustic emission (AE). In order to increase the stage of macrofailure
development, a special procedure of rock loading was used to reveal regularities of nucleation and evolution of electromagnetic
and acoustic structures. The synchronised measurements of EMR and AE allowed the control of the stress–strain state in the
rocks and the structural developments of fracturing. Non-homogeneous distribution of the rock spatial crystalline structure
subject to load leads to a mosaic distribution of EMR and AE characteristics. As a result, the crack scale effect may be observed
in the EMR and AE structure behaviours. The EMR and AE following the failure at different levels behave differently according
to the difference in the scale and type of cracks. Intense high-frequency EMR pulses were recorded during the initial stage
of microcrack generation occurring prior to major failure of material. This was not the case for AE. The nucleation and development
of the macroscopic progressive failure evolution caused an alternation in energetic and frequencial properties of electromagnetic
and acoustic events. It has been detected that the tensile cracks were more efficient than shear cracks in capacity of EMR
generation. The analysis of self potentials allowed reaching the maximum of registered anomalous variations in the stage of
microcracking interaction. This stage showed an increase in the EMR activity, which implies the nucleation of microcracks
in various regions of rock interfaces. The gradual accumulation of these defects led to weakening some parts of the rock along
with a disintegration of electric anomalies, increase of AE and a significant fluctuation in the rate of EMR. When crack concentration
attains its critical value, which results in the formation of dangerous macroscopic failure of higher level, AE shows an intense
activity as well as an EMR lower frequency. The hierarchical development of rock failure using the ratio of the average crack
size and the mean distance between cracks as a statistical concentration criterion is used to control the boundary of the
transition from small dispersed cracks accumulation to gradual crack merger and the formation of the main macrofailure. These
results could be transferred into larger scale levels to forecast dynamic events in the earth crust. 相似文献
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分析了动力头式钻机之钻塔在钻进过程中,所受回转钻具的反扭矩与给进架给进力而造成的翻转力矩作用下的受力情况。 相似文献
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水对不同岩石声波速度影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过分析不同成因类型岩石的声波速度,提出了水对不同岩石声波速度的影响,从岩石孔隙及隐微裂隙的发育程度及岩石的水理性质解释了在水的作用下岩石声波变化规律,利用这些规律可以初步判断岩石的隐微裂隙发育程度及水理性质。 相似文献
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介绍了在复杂地层科学深钻施工时遇到的困难和问题,主要包括破碎地层钻进问题和强缩径地层钻进问题,讨论了解决这些技术难题时采取的应对技术方案和措施,涉及取心钻进工艺方法和器具、钻机、泥浆体系以及极破碎、强缩径地层的特殊钻进、固井工艺和器具。 相似文献
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An Estimation of Rock Strength Using a Drilling Performance Model: A Case Study in Blacktip Field,Australia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents the results of a case study performed in Well BT-1 in the Blacktip field; an offshore field located in
northern Australia. An analytical model based on mud logging data was used to estimate a formation’s strength in Well BT-1.
The drilled well is vertical and the input data to the model included the rate of penetration, rotary speed, weight on bit
and torque values of the bit obtained from mud logging data. The final model was completed in several steps: estimation of
the bit constants from either lab or field data, backward calculation of rock strength using a drilling performance model,
smoothing of the estimated log to obtain the apparent rock strength log and classifying the formations into zones with similar
strength values. The results of a log-based approach carried out in Well BT-1 were used to do the modelling. The results presented
here indicate that the drilling performance model is able to predict the formation strength reasonably well. Based on the
results, care should be taken when the model is used for the intervals where the bit is worn and dull, since within these
intervals the model tends to over-estimate the rock strength. 相似文献
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Cai Zhongli 《岩土力学》1989,10(3):20-24
he research work on acoustic characteristics of rock and soil in laboratory in the past 20 years is reviewed in this paper. Some topics of this work are described and analysed. 相似文献
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汤家坪钼矿床是2006年探明的一处大型斑岩型钼矿床,前人用常规地质方法对该矿区基础地质工作和成矿规律研究已比较系统和完整,认为汤家坪钼矿床属于深源浅成斑岩型钼矿床,汤家坪花岗斑岩体为矿区钼矿的成矿母岩;但是没有从矿物学角度来应证这些成矿规律。本文从矿物学角度,采用分离单矿物进行化学分析、X射线衍射(XRD)及岩矿鉴定等技术,对汤家坪钼矿区的辉钼矿、黄铁矿、石英、长石4种矿物标型特征(化学组成、微量元素、晶体结构、晶胞参数、结构状态等)进行研究。结果表明:1该矿区辉钼矿全部是2H型多型变体,且成分中Re含量很低;辉钼矿的δ34S值为3.0‰,硫同位素变化范围小,接近于陨石硫,具深源硫的特点,硫来源于花岗斑岩。2黄铁矿微量元素以富含Mo、Co、Cu,贫Ni、Pb、Zn为标型特征,另外Au、Ag含量低,S/Se大于250000,与前人"S/Se大于250000~500000的地区不可能找到金矿"的结论相符。3石英富含Mo;成矿期石英脉中δ18O降低,表明成矿晚期有少量大气降水参与热液蚀变成矿。4长石富含Mo;轻稀土(La~Nd)含量大于中稀土(Sm~Ho)和重稀土(Er~Y)含量;钾长石的有序度、三斜度以及结构参数的值均较高,结构温度较低,表明该矿区钾长石为低温状态下的三斜对称的微斜长石,是热液作用的产物,岩体钾长石化对钼矿化最为有利。本研究应证了汤家坪钼矿床属于深源浅成斑岩型钼矿床,对于总结斑岩型钼矿成矿规律、找矿标志有重要意义。 相似文献