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通过HC600型全液压动力头便携式钻机在武山温家沟金矿区、文县筏子坝外围铜矿区进行NQ、BQ型金刚石绳索取心钻探的效果,分析了全液压动力头便携式钻机相对于立轴式钻机的优点、不足及其经济性,提出全液压动力头便携式钻机在陇东南山区的适用性及我国地质岩心钻机发展的趋向。 相似文献
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本文介绍了便携式全液压钻机在秦岭地区固体矿产地质钻探中的应用情况,简述了EP600系列钻机基本概况与钻探工艺,结合不同工区11个钻孔分析了地层岩石级别与钻进施工效率的关系。针对该钻机在钻进效率、功率损耗、施工能力等方面的问题,通过合理选择(改进)钻头、降低钻杆孔内摩阻力及采用轻型高强钻杆等有效措施或建议,初步取得了较好的试验效果。提出了便携式全液压钻机的适用条件和优势,该钻机在地层岩石可钻性级别7级以下的浅孔(孔深<350 m)中钻进效率高,在复杂地形环境中具有搬迁便捷、组装快、环境破坏少的特点,满足了生态环境保护政策和绿色勘查工作相关要求,钻探综合经济成本明显降低。对于尚未解决的问题,给出了合理工作建议,为下步更好地发挥便携式全液压钻机效能起到了积极的指导与借鉴意义。 相似文献
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钻机是地质勘查工作中获取岩心的必要装备。在绿色勘查的时代要求下,具有轻量化、小型化、模块化等特点的便携式钻机,因能适应更加艰险复杂的环境条件而格外受到勘察单位的青睐,现已在工程勘察钻探施工中逐渐推广应用。通过分析工程勘察对钻探设备的需求、便携式全液压钻机特点,总结了不同类型钻孔所需设备及其优势、配套器具及孔内事故处理工具的应用情况。介绍了一种新的孔内事故处理工具。介绍了多个在不同环境条件下,由便携式全液压钻机完成的典型钻孔。通过应用实践,分析总结了现有设备不足及其在智能化、钻进能力提升、配套器具应用等方面的发展方向。提出便携式全液压钻机是实施绿色工程勘察钻探的必要装备,同时需要精心组织和进一步配套先进技术,才能更高效地服务于地质勘探。 相似文献
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绿色勘查钻探施工广泛采用便携式全液压钻机,受便携钻机泥浆工艺、占地面积的影响,没有配套的泥浆净化设备,施工中存在浪费水资源、废弃泥浆没有环保处理的问题。综合分析各种泥浆净化方法,提出使用微型高频双层圆形振动筛净化泥浆的方案,效果较好,经济实用,符合绿色勘查要求。 相似文献
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本文从全液压动力头岩心钻机普及率不高的原因展开论述,从品牌知名度、技术成熟性、性能稳定性、部件可靠性、应用适应性等角度对全液压动力头岩心钻机选型进行了分析,提出了全液压动力头岩心钻机选型建议,为钻机的选择提供参考。 相似文献
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简要概述了全液压动力头岩心钻机目前的发展状况,分析了XD系列全液压动力头岩心钻机的特点、结构组成、性能参数以及钻机的应用情况。 相似文献
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西安市地下水开发利用中的环境问题及对策 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对西安市地下水开发利用中的环境问题进行了分析,指出地下漏斗、地面沉降、地裂缝以及地下水质污染是西安市存在的主要问题,地下水超采是引起以上问题最主要的因素,最后提出了回补地下水,充分利用非传统水资源,加强地下水开发利用规划等五项防治对策。 相似文献
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This paper examines environmental problems associated with Third World cities. It concentrates on environmental problems as they relate to health and living conditions, especially for lower income groups. After an outline of urban growth trends, these problems are discussed on three different geographic scales. At the regional level, the paper discusses how cities draw on a wider area for natural resources (and usually for labour) and have environmental impacts which stretch far beyond their boundaries, although the most pressing impacts tend to be on their immediate hinterland. At the city-wide level there are problems of disposing of household, human and industrial wastes and of associated problems of air and water pollution. At the level of the home or workplace there are problems of inadequate space and ventilation, inadequate infrastructure and basic services, and lack of provision for the safeguarding of human health. The final section discusses how governments might tackle the causes of these environmental problems on each of these scales. 相似文献
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K. Bouwer Prof. Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,11(4):307-312
The author outlines the relationships between geography and the study of environmental problems. After WW II when these problems were growing in number and complexity, many geographers turned to the quantitative study of spatial relations and processes, neglecting the ecological aspects of human life on earth. However, recently human and physical geography are turning again to an ecological point of view. In the study of environmental problems, a synthesis of the spatial and the ecological traditions in geography is possible. The spatial aspects of environmental problems and environmental management in a systems-theory framework are the central points in the contribution of geography to an interdisciplinary environmental science. 相似文献
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文章介绍了黑宝山-木耳气盆地的经济地理秦件,地质环境背景,阐述了盆地的主要环境地质问题。第一环境地质问题即自然环境中存在的与地质有关的各种问题,它是由内动力地质作用和外动力地质作用引起的;区内主要有冻土。第二环境地质问题即由于人类各种工程、经济活动而引起昀与地质环境有关的问题;如水土流失、矿井塌陷、地表水、地下水及土壤污染等。论述了各环境地质问题产生的地区,分析了各主要问题的特征,形成条件及危害。 相似文献
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中国南方岩溶石山地区不同岩溶类型的地下水与环境地质问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
依据碳酸盐岩的出露形式、岩性和层组类型、大地构造等,将南方岩溶环境系统划分为裸露型、埋藏型、覆盖型和断陷盆地型,其中裸露型又可分为连续型和间互型.简要叙述了连续性、间互型、埋藏型和覆盖型岩溶区的大地构造、岩性和岩层组合方面的特征,结合多个典型点最新的研究成果,重点介绍了连续型岩溶区的地表水缺乏、污染、内涝和石漠化问题,提出修建水窖、封山育林等措施缓解缺水和治理石漠化;同时介绍了间互型岩溶区的地表、地下水污染、缺水、石漠化问题,提出依托高位隔水层溶洼成库、寻找蓄水构造打井、封山育林等治理措施;最后介绍了埋藏型岩溶区的缺水、石漠化和塌陷问题,指出打井、恢复植被等治理措施. 相似文献
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离散单元法同拉格朗日元法及其在岩土力学中的应用 总被引:67,自引:2,他引:67
离散单元法是一种适合于节理岩体的数值分析方法,拉格朗日元法则特点适用于解决大变形的问题。本文叙述了离散单元法和拉格朗日元法的基本原理以及有关参数的选择问题。文中还举出两种方法在岩土力学中的应用范围。 相似文献
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L. I. Chetverikov 《Mathematical Geology》1991,23(1):33-40
This paper considers the present state of mathematical geology. Three directions are recognized: applied, theoretical, and mathematical. Applied mathematical geology includes formal use of mathematics to solve problems and computer processing of data. Success is achieved by a correspondence of mathematical methods used to the nature of geological data. This correspondence can be demonstrated by purely mathematical means. Theoretical mathematical geology uses mathematics as a language of geology; however, a number of methodological problems must be solved: formalization of initial geological concepts and creation of a strict conceptual basis, substantiation of initial principles of mathematical simulation, creation of theoretical geological models, problems of elementary and coincidence in geology, and methodological substantiations of possibilities of any mathematical model to approximate geological models. The essense and significance of these problems are considered. The main task of mathematical geology is to prove its correspondence to the nature of the geological objects studied, geological data obtained, and geological problems solvable. Finally, the main problems of mathematical geology are not so much mathematical as geological and methodological. 相似文献
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Andrew B. Vistelius 《Mathematical Geology》1989,21(8):921-932
Summary Our experience has shown that any laboratory of mathematical geology can do significant work if its staff is composed of geologists who are able to critically assess geological ideas, are able to see new features in routine observations, and understand clearly what scientific problems they should solve, and why these problems can be solved with a mathematical approach more efficiently than through purely geological methods. The staff should include mathematicians who can solve nontrivial mathematical problems and are ready to seek problems that require joint participation with geologists. Both disciplines should collaborate benevolently with mutual interest, without any pressure, and develop a mutually understandable geologico-mathematical language. They should understand that obtaining such a language requires tremendous patience. Daily contacts and discussions on current problems are necessary as a forum for exchange of ideas. In our laboratory, seminars are organized as such forums. Lectures for this seminar ideally involve sufficiently broad problems with non-trivial results in mathematics and geology that provide educational aspects. Abstracts of lectures for this seminar which were delivered during winter 1984–1985, are published here to provide an indication of seminar contents. 相似文献
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介绍了在复杂地层科学深钻施工时遇到的困难和问题,主要包括破碎地层钻进问题和强缩径地层钻进问题,讨论了解决这些技术难题时采取的应对技术方案和措施,涉及取心钻进工艺方法和器具、钻机、泥浆体系以及极破碎、强缩径地层的特殊钻进、固井工艺和器具。 相似文献