陕西金堆城—黄龙铺地区含钼花岗岩类稀土元素地球化学研究

本文从稀土元素地球化学角度,对金堆城—黄龙铺地区花岗岩类形成机制及其与钼矿化关系进行研究。结果表明:花岗岩类地质体起源于地壳岩石的深熔作用,其中金堆城花岗斑岩是岩桨体系内部热重扩散效应的产物,而石家湾斑岩体只是老牛山岩基的分枝脉。成岩方式制约着斑岩型钼矿床的规模和品位。岩桨期后热液蚀变可造成原岩稀土总量和轻稀土元素含量降低,但重稀土元素保持相对稳定,因此,岩石稀土元素地球化学可成为评价含钼岩体的重要标志。     

广丰盆地早白垩世火山-侵入杂岩稀土元素地球化学特征及成因探讨

江西广丰早白垩世盆地火山-侵入杂岩稀土元素地球化学特征表明,本区火山-侵入杂岩可能是一套具有成因联系的岩石系列,杂岩中基性岩可分出稀土特征不同两类岩石,中酸性岩石亦可分出稀土特征不同两类的岩石,其中(橄榄)玄粗岩与钾长斑岩、橄辉粗玄岩与花岗斑岩稀土元素标准化曲线和稀土元素特征参数具有相似性。这些信息对揭示本区早白垩世基性岩浆的底侵作用具有重要的启迪意义。     

广西大容山-十万大山岩带中花岗岩类特征及成因

大容山-十万大山花岗岩带由花岗岩、花岗斑岩和少量混合花岗岩、酸性火山岩组成,它们共同构成一个原地半原地→中深成侵入→浅成侵入→喷出相的完整花岗岩类成因系列。这些岩石在矿物组成、化学成分、微量和稀土元素以及同位素组成上十分相似,都来源于上部地壳,属陆壳转生型花岗岩,其源岩是由角闪岩相到麻粒岩相的变质沉积岩。     

大别造山带白马尖花岗岩体的钕，锶同位素地球化学研究

大别造山带白马尖花岗岩体属燕山期侵入岩，为中生代大别山区岩浆活动的产物，为碰撞后花岗岩，锶，钕，同位素数据及稀土元素数据表明，白马尖花岗岩体为壳幔混合型，1．2－1．7Ga的钕模式年龄为其源岩的平均地壳存留年龄，北大别花岗岩类岩石的物质来源并不一致。     

金堆城钼矿区两类不同花岗岩的关系及其成因的研究

本文证实了金堆城钼矿区存存两种不同类型花岗岩,上地壳太华群和熊耳群的重熔形成老牛山、水仙台等改造型花岗岩体.而下地壳及上地幔分熔形成金堆城等与钼矿有关的同熔型花岗斑岩,两类花岗岩在成因上直接联系.此外还探讨了东秦岭A型俯冲与本区花岗岩成因的联系     

陕西金堆城斑岩型钼矿床地质地球化学特征

金堆城钼矿床的成矿母岩是燕山中晚期花岗斑岩类.该岩类为高硅富钾富含H2O、F、Cl等挥发分的壳源花岗岩类, 是区域内含Mo等成矿元素较高的熊耳群安山玢岩类和高山河组石英岩类花岗岩化的产物.岩体和矿体主要受北西向断层控制.矿体中心部位形成气化高-中温以2H型为主的辉钼矿,边部形成中温2H 3R型辉钼矿,造就了斑岩型钼矿床.     

陕西金堆城花岗岩类主要造岩矿物特征及其岩石学意义

本文依据大量测试数据,对金堆城地区花岗岩类主要造岩矿物学特征同钼迁移富集成矿关系进行了探讨。研究结果表明:异常晶胞条纹长石和正长石以及富重稀土和具明显负铕异常的黑云母是含钼花岗岩类标型矿物,并且可作为花岗岩类岩石发育地区寻找隐伏钼矿体的指示性矿物。钾钠长石和斜长石的结构状态和成分不仅可以提供有关花岗岩类成因演化的信息,其矿物本身亦可成为钼的载体矿物。岩浆期后,强烈的热液蚀变作用可造成钾钠长石和斜长石分解,并且引起钼的释放,从而形成高品位钼矿石。     

湖南塔山岩体岩石学、地球化学、U-Pb年代学特征及其形成构造背景

塔山岩体处于阳明山-塔山-大义山东西向构造—岩浆带中部,是南岭成矿带的重要组成部分,出露面积约200km~2。该岩体为岩浆多期次侵入形成的中深成复式岩体,整体剥蚀程度较低,可划分为5个侵入期次,从早期到晚期,各侵入期次岩体的岩石学及重矿物特征呈现出规律性变化。塔山岩体富硅、富铝,属铝过饱和钙碱性酸性花岗岩类,其Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti显著亏损,并具有明显的铕负异常及轻稀土元素分馏明显而重稀土元素分馏不明显的特征。塔山岩体第2侵入期次和第3侵入期次岩体的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素年龄分别为(218±3)Ma和(215±3)Ma,属于晚三叠世。岩石学、地球化学特征表明塔山岩体为地壳部分熔融形成的S型花岗岩,源岩主要为上地壳泥质岩石。微量元素和稀土元素特征显示岩浆形成与板内挤压造山运动停止时挤压剪切应力释放导致的压力下降、岩石升温、熔点降低有关,岩浆成岩过程既受部分熔融也受分离结晶作用控制。地球化学判别显示塔山岩体为印支晚期伸展构造环境下形成的后碰撞花岗岩。     

招远黄埠岭金矿岩石地球化学特征?

黄埠岭矿区广泛分布玲珑花岗岩，并发育煌斑岩脉，局部有少量胶东群变质岩残留。岩石化学成分和稀土元素特征显示、花岗岩在钾化、红化和黄铁绢英岩化蚀变过程中伴随有SiO₂、TiO₂、Al₂O₂、FeO、MnO、MgO、CaO、Na₂O、K₂O等组分和稀土元素的显著转移。岩石微量元素特征显示，玲珑花岗岩是Au的重要来源。由于煌斑岩和变质岩也受到成矿流体的作用，因此其物质成分及含量与胶东其它地区同类岩石相比有显著差异。黄埠岭金矿形成于燕山晚期，与煌斑岩侵位时代接近。     

从稀土元素和岩石化学成分的对应分析探讨新疆东准噶尔花岗岩类演化

从花岗岩类岩石的稀土元素与岩石化学成分的对应分析结果出发，论述了新疆准噶尔地区花岗岩类稀土元素与岩石化学成分的相互关系，以及该区花岗岩类演化与锡的成矿作用。     

从榴辉岩与围岩的关系论苏鲁榴辉岩的形成与折返

位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨

通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液的研究

通过烧杯搅拌实验对混凝剂处理钻井废泥浆液进行研究,从混凝剂适应p H值范围、混凝效果、沉降速度三方面研究比较,找出一种较为理想的混凝剂,并分析了影响混凝剂性能的主要因素,确定了混凝剂的最佳投放剂量。      

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

黄河源区水环境变化及黄河出现冬季断流的原因

自1954年有水文观测资料以来，黄河曾在青海省玛多县黄河沿水文站发生过3次断流。本文在分析黄河源区水环境特征及其影响因素的基础上指出，鄂陵湖、扎陵湖的环湖融区调节能力低，当遇到连续干旱、冬季其调节水量不足以维系黄河径流时便会发生断流，这是断流的主因。湖水位降低、开采沙金、过度放牧等自然和人为因素也会对黄河发生断流产生影响。鄂陵湖口附近黄河上修建的水电站开始蓄水，提高了两湖及环湖融区的调节能力，今后黄河冬季出现断流的可能性将大为降低。     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the     

天山南坡科其喀尔冰川表碛区小气候特征研究

利用天山南坡科其喀尔冰川3号观测站2009年全年的气象观测资料,分析研究了科其喀尔冰川表碛区的小气候特征. 结果表明：总辐射和净辐射夏秋季较高、冬春季较低;反射辐射和地表反照率反之. 与其他地区不同,该区主要受积雪物理性质和下垫面状况的影响,冬春季地表反照率日变化表现为由大到小的变化过程,夏秋季表现为倒U型. 温度年变化表现为夏秋季高、冬春季低,最高月均值出现在8月,为9.4℃,最低月均值出现在1月,为-9.6℃. 受山谷风和冰川风的影响,全年的风向以西北风和西北偏西风为主,风向的日变化以11：00为界发生转向. 受降水和冰川消融等的影响,比湿夏秋季月均值较大,冬春季月均值较小.     

The evolution of the magmatism in the external zones of the Betic Cordilleras during the mesozoic

Abstract

The Mesozoic igneous rocks from the External Zones of the Betic Cordilleras extend for some 300 km along the Subbetic Zone. They are poorly differentiated basic rocks which, altogether, correspond to a transitional series containing tholeiitic and sodium-alkaline terms. They crop out as small ophite stocks and dykes intruded into middle- and upper-Triassic rocks, or as submarine flows and sills interlayered with Jurassic materials.

Geological and radiometric evidence points to an upper-Triassic-Liassic age for the ophite-generating magmatism, while the fissure volcanism began locally in the early-Liassic and extended throughout the Dogger. It reached its climax in the Tithonian and ceased abruptly in the lowermost Cretaceous.

The magmas that generated the two groups of rocks originated within the mantle. During the ascent through a continental crust they were contaminated by deep-crust granitoid rocks and by the assimilation of pelites from the basement. The chemical composition and fractional-crystallization differentiation trends of the ophites belong to the tholeiitic series, while those of the middle-uppermost Jurassic magmas to the sodic-alkaline series. This magmatic evolution may be attributed to a geodynamic change from distensive in the Triassic to transtensive from the middle-Jurassic onwards.