基于MIMIC算法和RPCA的混合蚁群优化算法

为提高连续域上蚁群算法的寻优性能,降低决策变量之间的相关性,设计一种基于MIMIC算法和RPCA的连续域上蚁群优化算法.本文首先介绍连续域上的蚁群算法;然后根据一些处理多变量相关性的方法,给出有效相关性的定义;接着提出一种基于MIMIC算法和RPCA的混合蚁群算法;最后,通过对标准测试函数进行优化求解实验,将所得结果与连续域上的蚁群优化算法相比较,可知该算法在寻优能力和收敛性方面都有明显的提高,是一种有效的优化算法.     

基于改进蚁群算法的移动机器人路径规划方法

针对蚁群算法收敛速度慢、效率低、容易陷入局部最优解的不足,本文提出一种自适应变化信息素总量的方式,使算法获得较快收敛速度.通过对启发函数的改进,增加蚁群搜索的目的性,降低陷入局部最优解的概率.仿真结果表明,改进的蚁群算法提高了搜索能力和收敛速度,验证了算法的有效性和优越性.     

基于粒子群优化的投影寻踪聚类模型及其应用

投影寻踪聚类分析是根据设计的投影指标函数,并在相关约束条件下进行问题优化分析的过程.给出了用于求解投影指标函数的粒子群算法,并将构造的模型应用于森林承载力评价.仿真实验结果表明:与基于遗传算法优化的模型比较,基于粒子群优化的模型简单、容易实现并且没有许多参数需要调整;在应用上,基于粒子群优化的模型可获得更优的解,并可预计模型在森林承载力评价中具有重要的应用价值.     

Nelder-Mead单纯形算法改进及在气象上的应用

Nelder-Mead Simplex (NMS) 算法是一种查找多元函数局地最小值的无微分算法,在现代科学计算中得到广泛应用,该文提出了一种对NMS算法的改进方法。改进后,大大简化了其计算过程,提高了该算法的收敛速度。利用改进后的算法对陆面过程参数进行了拟合计算,结果表明：改进的NMS算法对非线性公式具有非常高的拟合精度,可将其应用于气象学上非线性问题计算或非线性方程组求解。     

应用粒子群算法优化地位指数曲线模型参数研究

以优势高和地位指数的估测误差最小为目标函数,采用粒子群优化算法求解地位指数曲线模型的参数.结合实例与免疫算法比较,结果表明:粒子群优化算法求解的参数使模型的总体误差更小,精度更高,拟合效果更理想,更加科学合理,同时也提高了幼林的估算精度.研究的结果为森林经营中生长模型参数的求解以及相关研究提供了新的应用思路,也拓宽了粒子群优化算法在林业科学中的应用.     

一种基于进化策略的3D Var代价函数优化方法

数值天气预报准确性直接取决于好的预报模式和初始场;资料同化方法就是一种有效的求解初始场方法.鉴于进化算法在求解这些数值问题方面的优越性,将进化策略算法应用到变分同化方法中,即将三维变分方法中的代价函数作为进化策略算法优化的目标函数,应用进化策略算法优化此目标函数,均衡背景场和观测场,以求得最优分析场.以Lorenz-63和Lorenz-96模式为例,进行了理想个例试验,与传统三维变分方法进行对比.试验结果表明经优化后的误差与传统方法相比非常一致,从而验证了进化策略算法在资料同化问题中应用的可行性.     

Lipschiz-type的高阶非线性多智能体系统分布式优化算法研究

主要研究了具有Lipschiz-type非线性多智能体系统的分布式优化问题.在多智能体网络中,每个个体都拥有一个代价函数,整个多智能体网络的好坏由这些代价函数的和来进行评判.在整个过程中,每个目标仅知道局部的交互信息和其自身代价函数的梯度.为了实现协同优化的目标,提出了一个新的分布式优化算法,运用李雅普诺夫稳定性分析的方法可以证明该算法能够保证所有智能体实现协同优化.最后进行数值仿真,成功地验证了该算法的正确性和可行性.     

制造网格中资源的区间转化与多目标优化选择方法

针对制造网格资源检索问题,提出了用区间方法描述制造资源与制造任务能力参数的思想,同时给出了能力参数从区间形式转化为确定值形式的具体转化规则.结合多目标优化思想,构造了基于距离的目标函数和遗传算子.采用基于非支配解的快速排序方法产生一组非支配解供用户选择.最后给出一个典型事例,验证该算法的有效性.     

基于改进粒子群算法的机器人几何参数标定研究

为了提高机器人末端绝对定位精度,提出了基于改进粒子群算法（IPSO）的机器人几何参数标定方法.首先,为避免当机器人相邻两轴线平行或接近平行时,模型存在奇异性,建立了串联机器人MDH模型;其次,针对机器人几何参数标定特点,提出用改进粒子群算法优化标定机器人几何参数,其中粒子初始位置和速度由拟随机Halton序列产生,采用浓缩因子法修改粒子飞行速度,建立了用IPSO标定机器人几何参数目标函数数学模型,确立了用该算法优化标定几何参数的具体步骤.通过对ER10L-C10工业机器人仿真与实测标定,结果证实：采用该方法能够快速标定机器人几何参数,经标定后的机器人末端绝对定位精度有大幅提高.该算法简单,鲁棒性强,易于在工业机器人标定中推广应用.     

权重平衡有向网络下分布式约束优化的连续时间算法设计

本文研究权重平衡有向网络下分布式约束优化问题的求解,其中网络的全局目标函数是由每个智能体的局部目标函数的和构成,全局的约束是由每个智能体的局部约束的交构成.为了分布式求解该问题的最优解,首先引入智能体的局部共轭函数将其转换为Fenchel对偶问题.其次,从Fenchel对偶问题出发,提出一类基于奇异摄动系统的分布式连续时间算法.在局部目标函数和其梯度分别满足强凸和Lipschitz（李普希兹）连续的情况下,结合凸分析方法和Lyapunov（李雅普诺夫）稳定性理论,结果表明所提算法能够获得原问题和对偶问题的最优值.最后,数值仿真进一步验证了所提算法的有效性.     

EXPERIMENTS TO TRACK STORMS USING MODERN OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS

Storm identification and tracking based on weather radar data are essential to nowcasting and severe weather warning. A new two-dimensional storm identification method simultaneously seeking in two directions is proposed, and identification results are used to discuss storm tracking algorithms. Three modern optimization algorithms (simulated annealing algorithm, genetic algorithm and ant colony algorithm) are tested to match storms in successive time intervals. Preliminary results indicate that the simulated annealing algorithm and ant colony algorithm are effective and have intuitionally adjustable parameters, whereas the genetic algorithm is unsatisfactorily constrained by the mode of genetic operations. Experiments provide not only the feasibility and characteristics of storm tracking with modern optimization algorithms, but also references for studies and applications in relevant fields.     

基于遗传算法的暴雨强度公式参数的优化

遗传算法是模型参数优化的一种有效方法。将遗传算法应用于北京市郊区不同重现期的暴雨强度与降雨历时关系式中参数的优化,并与传统回归法和优选回归法的优化效果进行了分析比较。实例计算结果表明：遗传算法用于暴雨强度公式中的参数估计精度高于传统回归法和优选回归法的参数估计精度。该方法具有直观、简便和实用特点。     

Meta-heuristic ant colony optimization technique to forecast the amount of summer monsoon rainfall: skill comparison with Markov chain model

Forecasting summer monsoon rainfall with precision becomes crucial for the farmers to plan for harvesting in a country like India where the national economy is mostly based on regional agriculture. The forecast of monsoon rainfall based on artificial neural network is a well-researched problem. In the present study, the meta-heuristic ant colony optimization (ACO) technique is implemented to forecast the amount of summer monsoon rainfall for the next day over Kolkata (22.6°N, 88.4°E), India. The ACO technique belongs to swarm intelligence and simulates the decision-making processes of ant colony similar to other adaptive learning techniques. ACO technique takes inspiration from the foraging behaviour of some ant species. The ants deposit pheromone on the ground in order to mark a favourable path that should be followed by other members of the colony. A range of rainfall amount replicating the pheromone concentration is evaluated during the summer monsoon season. The maximum amount of rainfall during summer monsoon season (June—September) is observed to be within the range of 7.5–35 mm during the period from 1998 to 2007, which is in the range 4 category set by the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The result reveals that the accuracy in forecasting the amount of rainfall for the next day during the summer monsoon season using ACO technique is 95 % where as the forecast accuracy is 83 % with Markov chain model (MCM). The forecast through ACO and MCM are compared with other existing models and validated with IMD observations from 2008 to 2012.     

Parameterization and Application of Storm Surge/Tide Modeling Using a Genetic Algorithm for Typhoon Periods

A genetic algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of the two-dimensional Storm Surge/Tide Operational Model (STORM) to improve sea level predictions.The genetic algorithm was applied to nine typhoons that affected the Korean Peninsula during 2005-2007.The following model parameters were used:the bottom drag coefficient,the background horizontal diffusivity,Smagorinski’s horizontal viscosity,and the sea level pressure scaling.Generally,the simulation results using the optimized,mean,and median parameter values improved sea level predictions.The four estimated parameters improved the sea level prediction by 76% and 54% in the bias and root mean square error for Typhoon Kalmaegi (0807) in 2008,respectively.One-month simulations of February and August 2008 were also improved using the estimated parameters.This study demonstrates that parameter optimization on STORM can improve sea level prediction.     

混合递阶遗传径向基网络及其在副热带高压预报中的应用

采用遗传算法与径向基网络结合的方法建立了副热带高压特征指数的预报优化模型.针对径向基网络结构和初始参数难以客观确定的不足,引入混合递阶遗传算法同时优化网络结构和参数.该优化方法结合了递阶遗传算法和最小二乘法的优点,具有较高的学习效率.将混合递阶遗传径向基网络用于副高数值预报产品的预报试验和效果比较,结果表明:混合递阶遗传算法优化的径向基网络模型具有较好的收敛效果和泛化能力,对副高指数的预报效果有较明显的改进和提高.     

多维非高斯系统最小熵控制

针对多维非高斯系统提出了最小熵控制方法,控制的目标是使系统的非高斯输出概率密度函数跟踪一个已知的联合概率密度函数.首先,根据系统模型和辅助映射,构建了系统状态、跟踪误差与扰动输入之间的泛函算子模型,然后基于梯度算法设计了递归的次优控制律,最后通过仿真验证了最小熵控制算法的有效性.     

Algorithm Studies on How to Obtain a Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbation (CNOP)

The conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP), which is a nonlinear generalization of the linear singular vector (LSV), is applied in important problems of atmospheric and oceanic sciences, including ENSO predictability, targeted observations, and ensemble forecast. In this study, we investigate the computational cost of obtaining the CNOP by several methods. Differences and similarities, in terms of the computational error and cost in obtaining the CNOP, are compared among the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm, the limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (L-BFGS) algorithm, and the spectral projected gradients (SPG2) algorithm. A theoretical grassland ecosystem model and the classical Lorenz model are used as examples. Numerical results demonstrate that the computational error is acceptable with all three algorithms. The computational cost to obtain the CNOP is reduced by using the SQP algorithm. The experimental results also reveal that the L-BFGS algorithm is the most effective algorithm among the three optimization algorithms for obtaining the CNOP. The numerical results suggest a new approach and algorithm for obtaining the CNOP for a large-scale optimization problem.