利用地理信息系统（GIS）进行综合信息矿产资源预测

介绍了用地理信息系统进行综合信息矿产资源预测的方法，以及一些特殊问题的处理“定量数据库”的建立等。     

高放废物处置库预选场地地学信息库的建立

本文以高放废物处置库预选场地甘肃北山玉门镇地学信息库的建立为例,详细阐述了地理信息系统在高放废物地质处置中的应用,并在此基础上分析了其应用前景,为不同层次的管理、科研人员提供了全新思路;介绍了将地理信息系统技术引入图件和资料管理的优点。     

地理信息系统(GIS)支撑下的综合信息成矿预测--以云南省易门铜矿区为例

在地理信息系统(GIS)技术的支撑下,运用各种数学地质方法,系统研究了云南省易门铜矿区的各种控矿因素和找矿标志与铜矿化之间的关系,建立了综合信息定量找矿模型,在此基础上进行成矿预测,圈定找矿远景区及找矿有利地段,为进一步找矿工作提供依据.     

基于GIS的矿产预测地质解译空间信息集成

利用我国海量地质标准基础数据库中的数字地质图和矿产图,通过基于GIS的地质解译空间集成地质信息,将其用于综合信息矿产预测。以地质解译系统对内蒙大兴安岭南段1∶20万成矿预测的应用为案例,阐述地质信息的空间提取与集成过程：首先在建立地质字典库实现地质空间信息共享的基础上,通过矿化密集区对地质模型的分类图层进行空间分析,建立地质成矿空间信息库和图库;然后,基于典型矿床圈定模型单元,通过模型单元与地质成矿空间信息库和图库的空间分析,建立地质找矿模型;最后,基于地质单元对地质成矿空间信息库和图库的二次空间集成,完成预测模型的地质空间信息提取与集成。将本方法应用在银矿案例的综合信息矿产预测靶区评价上,得到可供进一步查证的新增靶区比已知靶区增加了近5倍。     

基于GIS的地质异常空间结构分析方法

地理信息系统(GIS)在地学中的优势主要体现在4个方面：数据获取、数据管理、空间分析和输出功能。本文利用GIS对地质异常分析的敏感性和有效性，把GIS技术与地质异常理论相结合，一方面对地质异常理论的概念、研究方法进行了阐述，另一方面以胶东矿集区为例，对基于GIS的地质异常的空间结构分析的方法进行了探讨。研究表明，基于GIS的地质异常空间结构分析方法是研究地质异常的科学、有效的方法，是利用GIS进行找矿预测的关键。     

计算机综合信息矿产预测系统研究

综合信息矿产预测方法的计算机化涉及到大量的大容量不规则图形、图像和具有模糊性与不完备性的信息的处理,本文讨论了用计算机技术实现综合信息矿产预测的方法途径,并提出了初步的总体设想,部分或全部解决了这些问题.     

资源危机矿山综合信息成矿预测

本文在阐明了资源危机矿山综合信息成矿预测基本概念和特点的基础上，探讨了资源危机矿山综合信息成矿预测基本方法问题，初步建立了资源危机矿山综合信息成矿预测的系统方法，并介绍了资源危机矿山综合信息成矿预测系列图件的编制方法。     

基于GIS的区域化探异常综合信息管理系统

区域化探异常作为一种有效的找矿手段,是多源地学信息综合分析解释中不可缺少的基础资料,历来受到地质工作者的高度重视.然而,新疆地域辽阔,区域化探异常繁多,资料分散,对区域化探异常的管理和深入研究极为困难,特别是对如此多的区域化探异常如何进行分析研究、综合利用已是各级管理部门的当务之急.笔者根据上述需求,结合管理部门的要求,利用地理信息系统(GIS技术)[1],对区域化探异常的管理、分析、利用进行了研究,开发完成了“新疆区域化探异常综合信息管理系统”,简称“XJHT-GIS”. 1 系统开发的技术要点和关键 “XJHT-GIS”开发…     

辽西八家子-吴家屯多金属矿田综合信息矿产预测

随着找矿难度的日益加大和各种矿产预测理论的不断完善,应用综合信息矿产预测理论方法圈定靶区、寻找隐伏矿体越来越广泛且效果明显.在广泛收集、研究前人工作成果的基础上,重新厘定八家子-吴家屯多金属矿田综合信息找矿模型,并将其转换成地质变量,在已构置的网格单元中依据综合变量进行赋值.以GIS为平台进行空间分析和叠加,采用综合信息矿产预测的理论与方法,开展矿田的综合信息矿产预测,得到4个综合信息得分高值区（即靶区）,对矿田的进一步找矿具有一定的指导意义.     

综合信息矿产资源评价数据库构建

众所周知地理信息系统(GIS)为矿产资源评价提供了强有力的工具．其中多源地学数据库的构建是衡量具有专业特色的评价系统优劣的指标之一,在某种意义上．也会直接影响到所开发的评价系统的应用效果。基于此认识,以综合信息矿产资源评价理论为指导,通过对矿产资源数据构成的研究,及数据库构建的基本原则、方法要求,对数据获取、数据库系统设计、数据输入、管理及输出进行讨论,提出了基于GIS的矿产资源评价数据库构建的一般方法。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

The Tendencies of the Development of the Mineral-Resources Sector at the Turn of the Century

Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.     

Causes of the famine among the rural population of the Sahelian zone of the Sudan

Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

On the consistency of proposed models for the Pyrenees with the structure of the eastern parts of the belt

The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。