Tectono-magmatic evolution of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous granitoids in the west central Lhasa subterrane,Tibet

There is ongoing debate as to the subduction direction of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean during the Mesozoic (northward, southward or bidirectional subduction). Arc-related intermediate to felsic intrusions could mark the location of the subduction zone and, more importantly, elucidate the dominant geodynamic processes. We report whole rock geochemical and zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic data for granitoids from the west central Lhasa subterrane (E80° to E86°). All rocks show metaluminous to peraluminous, calc-alkaline signatures, with strong depletion of Nb, Ta and Ti, enrichment of large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Cs, Rb, K), a negative correlation between SiO₂ and P₂O₅, and a positive correlation between Rb and Th. All these features are indicative of I-type arc magmatism. New zircon U–Pb results, together with data from the literature, indicate continuous magmatism from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (160 to 130 Ma). Zircon U–Pb ages for samples from the northern part of the west central Lhasa subterrane (E80° to E82°30′) yielded formation ages of 165 to 150 Ma, whereas ages of 142 to 130 Ma were obtained on samples from the south. This suggests flat or low-angle subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean, consistent with a slight southward decrease in zircon εHf(t) values for Late Jurassic rocks. Considering the crustal shortening, the distance from the Bangong–Nujiang suture zone, and a typical subduction zone melting depth of ~ 100 km, the subduction angle was less than 14° for Late Jurassic magmatism in the central Lhasa interior, consistent with flat or low-angle subduction. Compared with Late Jurassic rocks (main εHf(t) values of − 16 to − 7), Early Cretaceous rocks (145 to 130 Ma) show markedly higher εHf(t) values (mainly − 8 to 0), possibly indicating slab roll-back, likely caused by slab foundering or break-off. Combined with previously published works on arc magmatism in the central Lhasa and west part of the southern Qiangtang subterranes, our results support the bidirectional subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang Ocean along the Bangong–Nujiang Suture Zone, and indicates flat or low-angle southward subduction (165 to 145 Ma) followed by slab roll-back (145 to 130 Ma).     

西藏中拉萨地块晚侏罗世许如错花岗岩地球化学与岩石成因

西藏中部拉萨地块晚侏罗世花岗岩的岩石成因与源区性质目前尚未得到很好约束。本文报道了中部拉萨地块西段许如错岩体的寄主花岗岩和闪长质包体的锆石U-Pb年龄、元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素成分。许如错岩体寄主花岗岩年龄为155.1±0.7Ma,闪长质包体与寄主花岗岩同期(155.7±0.7Ma)形成。寄主花岗岩属I型偏铝质-弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石,富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,锆石εHf(t)值(-16.6~-6.6)指示其可能来源于拉萨地块古老下地壳物质的重熔作用。闪长质包体为准铝质钙碱性系列,锆石εHf(t)值(-8.9~-3.8)具有总体为负但明显高于寄主花岗岩εHf(t)值的特征,表明这些闪长质包体代表了幔源物质组成的加入。许如错晚侏罗世花岗岩可能形成于班公湖-怒江特提斯洋洋壳在中晚侏罗世向南俯冲于拉萨地块之下,引起幔源物质与中部拉萨地块古老基底重熔所产生的酸性岩浆发生岩浆混合作用形成的。     

藏南太昭地区早侏罗世岩浆岩的形成机制和构造动力学过程

藏南地区冈底斯岩基是长期构造岩浆作用的产物,保存着与洋-陆俯冲和陆-陆碰撞作用相关的构造动力学过程的丰富记录,是揭示深部岩石圈物质组成及其长期演化特征的重要岩石探针。太昭地区发育高Na/K比花岗岩（组一）和低Na/K比花岗岩（组二）,另外,在距离太昭不远的巴松措地区发育一套辉长岩-闪长岩。本文以组二花岗岩为主要研究对象,开展与其他二套岩体的对比研究：（1）组二花岗岩的形成年龄为190~194Ma,与组一花岗岩为同期岩浆作用;（2）同位素组成方面,组二花岗岩的Nd-Hf同位素组成（ε_Hf（t）=-7.2~-2.5;ε_Nd（t）=-4.1~-3.7）略高于组一花岗岩,Sr同位素（⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr（t）=0.7061~0.7070）比值略低于组一花岗岩,而与巴松措中基性岩相近,这也暗示组二花岗岩的源区不同于组一花岗岩,是由受熔体交代的弧下地幔物质部分熔融作用产生的基性岩浆分离结晶的产物,而组一来源于中下地壳古老基性岩部分熔融;（3）地球化学组成方面,组二花岗岩的Al₂O₃、CaO、TiO₂、FeO^T、MgO、Sr、Sc等元素组成与SiO₂含量呈负相关关系,但Na₂O、Rb、Nb、Ta等元素组成与SiO₂含量呈正相关关系,表明组二花岗岩是较原始的基性岩浆经历角闪石和斜长石的分离结晶作用的产物,并且在岩浆向高硅演化阶段经历了钾长石的分离结晶作用。综合以上分析,本文认为太昭地区这两组花岗岩形成于新特提洋板片向北俯冲作用相关的构造背景。

     

拉萨地块措勤-隆格尔地区铁矿床成岩时代、岩石成因及构造环境指示

为深入了解中北部拉萨地块构造背景,利用LA-ICP-MS技术对洛布勒铁矿床成矿花岗闪长岩锆石进行了U-Th-Pb同位素测定,分析了隆格尔、洛布勒铁矿床侵入岩岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成.获得洛布勒花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为111.3±1.6 Ma(MSWD=0.61,n=9).隆格尔和洛布勒铁矿床侵入岩高硅(66.63%~69.02%和64.33%~64.82%)、富碱(全碱为5.91%~6.40%和5.81%~6.05%)、低A/CNK(0.91~0.97和0.94~0.95)、SiO2与P2O5含量负相关;稀土元素总量较低(∑REE为123.11×10^-6~148.83×10^-6和96.17×10^-6~101.92×10^-6),球粒陨石标准化配分模式图右倾,弱Eu负异常(0.70~0.82和0.79~0.81),富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Pb等,亏损Ba和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti等.隆格尔花岗岩全岩和斜长石(206Pb/204Pb)t为18.474和18.626,(207Pb/204Pb)t为15.657和15.722,(208Pb/204Pb)t为38.592和39.145,(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.704 757 6和0.707 047 3,(143Nd/144Nd)i为0.512 281和0.512 339,εNd(t)为-4.13和-2.99,tDM2为1.15 Ga和1.24 Ga;洛布勒花岗闪长岩(206Pb/204Pb)t比值为18.281,(207Pb/204Pb)t比值为15.616,(208Pb/204Pb)t比值为38.369,(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.706 551 4;(143Nd/144Nd)i为0.512 309,εNd(t)为-3.62,tDM2为1.20 Ga.结果表明,措勤-隆格尔铁矿床成矿侵入岩为中钾-高钾钙碱性岩I型花岗岩,为早白垩世晚期岛弧岩浆活动产物,岩浆源于地壳物质部分熔融,岩浆演化过程经历了壳幔岩浆混合和围岩混染.结合前人研究成果,通过对比白垩纪中北部拉萨地块和南部羌塘地块成矿事件的差异,提出中北部拉萨地块113±3 Ma岩浆活动和Fe(-Cu)成矿事件与向南俯冲的班公湖-怒江洋壳发生断离有关.     

西藏拉萨地体西北部革吉地区两期早白垩世岩浆作用——锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和地球化学特征

邦巴岩体位于拉萨地块西部革吉地区,由主体花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、闪长质包体及一系列近平行、南北向展布的花岗斑岩脉体组成。野外地质调查和LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明,革吉地区白垩纪的两期岩浆活动分别发生在131~132Ma和127Ma。早期岩浆作用形成主体花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及闪长质包体,具有以下特征:(1)明显富集K、Cs等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ti、Zr等高场强元素;(2)具有明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.49~0.61)及负Ce异常;(3)具负εHf(t)值(-3.2~-0.3)及古老的地壳模式年龄(1.210~1.399Ga);(4)初始Sr同位素比值为0.70424~0.71472,εHf(t)值为-5.70~-5.54。晚期岩浆作用形成花岗斑岩脉体,具有以下特征:(1)富集K、Cs等大离子亲石元素,强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素;(2)基本不具有负Eu异常或具有轻微的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.74~0.87);(3)具有更老的Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(1.226~1.576Ga)及更负的大范围变化的εHf(t)值(-6.1~-0.7)。晚期岩浆作用锆饱和温度(777~796℃)及轻稀土元素不饱和温度(794~812℃)均高于早期岩浆的锆饱和温度(661~762℃)及轻稀土元素不饱和温度(750~769℃)。上述特征表明,两期岩浆作用均为中拉萨地块古老基底部分与地幔物质混染部分熔融的产物,随着岩浆作用的持续进行,岩浆中的古老地壳组分增加,熔体温度也增加,可能与南向俯冲的班公-怒江洋壳回转驱动的地幔岩浆活动向北迁移有关。     

Petrogenesis of Late Jurassic granitoids and relationship to polymetallic deposits in southern China: The Huangshaping example

ABSTRACT

Southern Hunan Province, located in the Cathaysia Block where the Shi–Hang zone and Nanling belt meet, is characterized by extensive Mesozoic magmatism and coeval polymetallic mineralization. The Huangshaping W–Mo–Pb–Zn–(Cu) deposit is representative in this area. However, the petrogenesis of the granitoids associated with the Huangshaping deposit, and their relationships with mineralization, remain undetermined. In this paper we focus on zircon U–Pb dating, whole-rock geochemistry, and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic compositions in order to further our understanding of these issues, as well as their regional implications. The Huangshaping granitoids are characterized by two pulses of intrusive activity: a first-stage quartz porphyry and a second-stage felsite and granite porphyry, our new data show that the quartz porphyry and felsite formed at 160.5 ± 1.3 and 156.6 ± 1.4 Ma, respectively, representing a period of Late Jurassic magmatism. Granitic enclaves within the quartz porphyry crystallized at 160.2 ± 1.6 Ma, and zircons and apatites from the enclaves exhibit Hf isotopic and geochemical compositions that suggest a Palaeoproterozoic lower crustal melt as one end-member of the magma that formed the quartz porphyry, whereas another likely end-member was coeval mantle-derived magma, as indicated by the geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopes. However, both the felsite and granite porphyry were probably derived from the melting of metamorphic basement rocks in the upper crust. The felsite clearly formed as a result of the rapid ascent and cooling of magma, whereas the granite porphyry underwent fractional crystallization. The magma sources and evolution of the granitoids, as well as their association with the Huangshaping mineralization, suggest that melting of upper crustal components controlled the W–Mo and Pb–Zn mineralization, whereas dehydration of a subducted slab provided the Cu mineralization in southern Hunan Province.     

西藏波密花岗岩体的年代学、地球化学特征及其意义

波密岩体位于西藏东南部,处于班公湖-怒江蛇绿混杂岩带与印度河-雅鲁藏布蛇绿混杂岩带之间,整体呈NW向延伸,面积约29km²。本文对波密花岗岩体进行了系统的岩石学、地球化学及同位素年代学研究。结果显示,波密岩体主要以黑云母石英闪长岩与黑云母花岗闪长岩为主,两个花岗闪长岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为113.1±2.3Ma和113.4±2.1Ma。花岗岩类SiO₂介于64.11%~66.63%,K₂O+Na₂O=6.36%~7.54%,全碱含量较高,属于高钾钙碱系列。稀土元素含量为114.9×10^-6~182.8×10^-6,分配曲线均呈右倾趋势。另外,A/CNK为0.80~0.95,波密岩体有高K,高Si,低P的特点,大离子亲石元素(Rb、K)富集,高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti)亏损,属于偏铝质I型花岗岩。2件样品37个测点的锆石ε_Hf(t)值不均一,几乎全为负值(-13.72~-0.08),反映岩浆可能源于古老地壳;地壳模式年龄(t_DM^C)集中于891~2047Ma之间。综合分析波密岩体地球化学及锆石年龄数据,均与中冈底斯及弧背断隆带中早白垩世的岩体特征相似。因此本文推断波密岩体的成因为中冈底斯早白垩世带状岩浆大爆发事件在东部的延续。     

青藏高原南部拉萨地块中新世超钾质岩石中的锆石记录

幔源岩浆上升的过程中捕获的锆石为揭示深部地壳"隐藏"的岩浆作用事件提供了宝贵机会。本文对采自南部拉萨地块学那地区的超钾质脉岩中的锆石进行了U-Pb年代学、微量元素和Hf同位素研究。研究结果表明,学那超钾质岩石中的锆石主要展示出4个主要的年龄峰值,分别是:<100Ma、300~400Ma、450~500Ma以及700~850Ma。这些锆石高U/Yb比值、低Y含量的特征暗示起源于大陆地壳。而新生代-中生代(<100Ma)和晚古生代(300~400Ma)的岩浆活动在南部拉萨地块上广泛发育,这表明南部拉萨地块新生地壳物质对学那超钾质岩浆活动的贡献。但是超钾质脉岩中早古生代和元古代(450~500Ma和 700~850Ma)锆石捕掳晶的存在则证实印度大陆地壳物质的加入。此外,从大约55Ma左右开始,锆石颗粒的(Dy/Yb)_N比值开始逐渐增高,ε_Hf(t)值则从+10~+5迅速下降至-10~-25。考虑到南部拉萨地块新生地壳的同位素组成特征,超钾质脉岩中的这些锆石颗粒可能记录了印度-亚洲陆陆汇聚过程中地壳的显著加厚以及俯冲的印度大陆地壳物质对南部拉萨地块后碰撞岩浆作用的贡献。     

中部拉萨地体南侧吉瓦地区早白垩世则弄群火山岩的发现及意义

西藏尼玛县吉瓦地区措勤-多瓦后陆拗陷带内分布的火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为120.3~126.5Ma左右,重新厘定为早白垩世则弄群,否定了前人归属为上新世乌郁群(N2wy)及始新世帕那组(E2p)的认识。岩石以酸性火山岩为主,中基性火山岩为辅,酸性岩类主要为火山碎屑岩类和熔岩类,典型岩石类型为流纹质熔结凝灰岩和流纹岩等,中基性岩主要为玄武安山岩,安山玄武岩等,杏仁构造普遍发育。研究区大量的流纹质熔结凝灰岩的出现反映了吉瓦地区的火山岩主要为陆相火山喷发形成。地球化学特征显示轻稀土富集,负Eu异常明显,富集K、Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素。酸性火山岩具有A型花岗质岩浆岩特征,基性岩具有板内玄武岩亲缘性,这一特征可能与班公湖-怒江洋壳岩石圈南向俯冲过程中发生的板片断离有关。中部拉萨地体南侧早白垩世火山岩的发现,使班公湖-怒江洋壳南向俯冲在晚侏罗世-早白垩世的岩浆活动在原来的基础上向南延伸70~80km,火山岩地层时代的重新归位对研究冈底斯带早白垩世地球动力学背景及建立地质年代学格架提供了新的约束资料,具有重要的科学意义。吉瓦地区早白垩世则弄群火山岩可能受到了班公湖-怒江特提斯洋壳向南、雅鲁藏布江洋壳向北的双向俯冲制约。     

Geology and biostratigraphy of the Jurassic and lower cretaceous series to the north of the Lhasa Block (Tibet,China)

Abstract

— The Lhasa Block (s.l.) is bounded to the South by the Tertiary Yarlung Zangbo suture zone and to the North by the terminal Jurassic/earliest Cretaceous Bangong Nu Jiang suture zone. Several tectonostratigraphic units have been recognized in the central-northern part of the Lhasa Block. These are from bottom to top : 1) a thick turbiditic series with a few lenses of allodapic limestones which have yielded an Aalenian — Bajocian foraminiferal assemblage. This series is tectonieally overlain by the Donqiao ophiolite; 2) the continental to shallow marine late Malm to lowermost Cretaceous Zigetang Formation which disconformably overlies the Donqiao ophiolite and 3) continental red detrital rocks or marine Early/Late Aptian boundary to Early Albian foraminifera-rich bedded limestones in which some volcanic rocks are locally interbedded.

We discuss the palaeogeographical distribution and biostratigraphical meaning of some foraminifera (Gutnicella cayeuxi (LUCAS), Palorbitolina fen<ícu/o?(Bl .LMKNBACIl), Praeorbitolina cormyi SCHROEDER and Palor-bilolmoides hedini CHREREHI and ScilKOKDK.lt) and their bearing on the radiometric age of the Aptian-Albian boundary.     

拉萨地块南缘晚白垩世角闪辉长岩、花岗斑岩副矿物微量元素特征对成岩成矿的指示

拉萨地块南缘记录了新特提斯洋俯冲到印度-欧亚大陆碰撞及碰撞后的岩浆作用,其中晚白垩世的岩浆作用对研究印度-欧亚大陆碰撞前成岩成矿作用具有重要的意义。本文以拉萨地块南缘100Ma的角闪辉长岩和68Ma花岗斑岩的锆石、磷灰石、榍石为研究对象,利用背散射、阴极发光(CL)、电子探针(EPMA)和LA-ICP-MS原位微区分析等方法,查明锆石、磷灰石、榍石的主、微量元素特征,进一步反演岩石源区性质、结晶历史及结晶条件,并对岩体含矿性进行评价,有助于探讨冈底斯成矿带晚白垩世岩浆成因机制和成矿潜力。研究结果表明,角闪辉长岩锆石初始饱和温度为598～626℃,锆石Ti结晶温度为645～758℃,磷灰石饱和温度为690～819℃,榍石Zr温度为602～778℃;磷灰石具有中等-弱的负铕异常(δEu=0. 67)、富集LREE,早期高温阶段锆石的结晶主要受到磷灰石结晶影响,随着温度降低,受到少量榍石结晶的影响;角闪辉长岩中的锆石在低的Hf、温度较高时却具有较高的Th、U含量显示岩浆源区受到更多俯冲板片出溶流体的影响,磷灰石具有较高的(La/Sm)N值以及Sr含量低于主岩,显示岩浆源区均一、熔体富Cl特征。花岗斑岩的锆石初始饱和温度为704～736℃,锆石Ti温度为630～799℃,磷灰石饱和温度为846～891℃,结合锆石的Ce/Sm、Yb/Gd以及磷灰石较大的负铕异常(δEu=0. 29),显示花岗斑岩中的锆石从高温到低温阶段都受到磷灰石和榍石的共同结晶影响,磷灰石的结晶受到斜长石影响;花岗斑岩中大部分锆石Ti结晶温度高于其初始饱和温度,磷灰石Sr-Ap/Sr-WR为0. 78～1. 45,具有较高的F/Cl(32. 87～67. 60)、低的(La/Sm)N,指示花岗斑岩岩浆源区不均一,受到多期岩浆熔体的脉冲式灌入并加入了更多镁铁质的岩浆熔体,其熔体具有低的Cl。此外,花岗斑岩锆石具有较高的Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+)、磷灰石具有较高的SO_3、熔体中更富S,指示花岗斑岩具有高的氧逸度和成矿潜力。本文研究结果表明结合锆石、磷灰石和榍石微量元素特征可有效指示岩浆岩的源区组成、结晶历史、结晶条件以及成矿潜力,为岩石学的研究提供了一个新的思路。     

西藏北部双湖地区海相侏罗纪磁性地层研究

西藏北部双湖地区海相侏罗纪磁性地层采样剖面包括菊花山下侏罗统剖面和那底岗日中、上侏罗统剖面,采集样品共1231件。磁性地层采样工作是在实测地层(岩石地层和生物地层)剖面后进行的。采样使用国产手提式气压钻机,钻取的岩心直径为25 mm,长度为20～50 mm,用磁罗盘定向器定向取心。采样间距一般为0.5～5 m,但重要界面附近间距达到 5 cm。分析表明双湖地区海相侏罗系碳酸盐岩的天然剩磁普遍较高,一般达到6.7×10~(-3)～3.8×10~(-2)A/m。大多数样品在热退磁到500～600℃区间时,剩磁衰减了100％,表明岩石中所含磁性载体力磁铁矿。系统研究表明双湖地区晚三叠世与早侏罗世之间缺失一个NAUNESKI反向极性带,界面的时间缺失量约为2 Ma,野外表现为不整合接触关系。中、下侏罗统之间为假整合接触关系,沉积间断时间约为320 ka。     

西藏曲水碰撞花岗岩的混合成因：来自成因矿物学证据

西藏曲水碰撞花岗岩地处冈底斯构造-岩浆带中部,呈东西向平行雅鲁藏布缝合带分布.该岩体以花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩为主,其次为石英二长闪长岩.岩体内普遍发育微粒镁铁质包体.对花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩及微粒镁铁质包体的成因矿物学研究结果显示：（1）斜长石发育环带且边缘和核部偏基性,幔部酸性;（2）斜长石斑晶边缘常含有角闪石、黑云母等暗色矿物包体;（3）钾长石X射线结构分析显示自核部向边缘温度呈现逐渐升高的特点;（4）长石矿物中普遍含有较高的Cr、Ni、Co元素,明显不同于壳熔花岗岩;（5）角闪石、黑云母矿物MgO含量高于典型壳熔花岗岩;（6）包体中发育针状磷灰石和角闪石,显示为岩浆淬冷的结果.上述特征不可能用正常岩浆分异作用来解释,而更可能是壳-幔岩浆混合作用的结果.采用矿物温压计所得到的结果也符合混合后的岩浆演化特征.     

Petrogenesis of I-type granitoids from the Melrose Stock,east-central Nevada

The Melrose Stock in the Dolly Varden Mountains of east-central Nevada is one of the many Mesozoic intrusion s in the Basin and Range Province. It consists of monzonites, quartz monzonites, granodiorites, and granites sharply intruding Mississippian to Triassic units. Phenocrysts of plagioclase (An₃₈–An₂₄) with oscillatory zoning and albitic rims, hornblende ± diopside, and biotite are common. Coexisting phases include orthoclase, quartz and accessory magnetite, apatite, titanite, ilmenite, and allanite. Mineral compositions suggest that the intrusion was emplaced at ～720 ± 40°C and 1.8–2.3 kbar.

All rocks are metaluminous to slightly peraluminous, defining a calcalkalic trend in which the monzonites and syenites are shoshonitic. Rare earth element patterns indicate that all studied rock types are comagmatic. Harker plots show curvilinear trends with some kinks consistent with fractionation, and mixing/assimilation. Major-element modelling and petrographic evidence suggest three stages of fractionation/mixing: Stage 1 marked by the fractionation of diopside and plagioclase; Stage 2 by fractionation of plagioclase, hornblende ± orthoclase ± biotite, accompanied by mixing through convection; and Stage 3 by fractionation of biotite, hornblende, plagioclase, and orthoclase.

Mineralogic, petrographic, and major- and trace-element data demonstrate that all rocks are I-type granitoids, suggesting a significant mantle contribution. Spider diagrams show troughs for Ti, P, and Nb, indicating magma genesis in a subduction-zone setting. Discrimination diagrams classify all rocks as late orogenic. Magma was therefore generated from mantle metasomatized by subduction, differentiated to a monzonitic magma, and emplaced in the thinned continental crust during a period of extension late in the cycle of Elko orogeny.     

西藏措勤曲洛地区新发现侏罗纪地层

在西藏措勤县曲洛乡门缸错地区发现了侏罗纪地层,详细描述了实测的侏罗系剖面,将该套地层暂时命名为曲洛组。讨论了该组的岩石组合特征和沉积环境,认为主要为一套海陆过渡三角洲—滨岸泻湖相沉积。根据曲洛组中的双壳化石、古植物及孢粉组合特征将这套地层的时代确定为早侏罗世。措勤地区下侏罗统的发现为区域地质构造演化研究和矿产资源勘查提供了新资料。     

西藏措勤曲洛地区新发现侏罗纪地层

在西藏措勤县曲洛乡门缸错地区发现了侏罗纪地层,详细描述了实测的侏罗系剖面,将该套地层暂时命名为曲洛组。讨论了该组的岩石组合特征和沉积环境,认为主要为一套海陆过渡三角洲—滨岸泻湖相沉积。根据曲洛组中的双壳化石、古植物及孢粉组合特征将这套地层的时代确定为早侏罗世。措勤地区下侏罗统的发现为区域地质构造演化研究和矿产资源勘查提供了新资料。     

西藏南木林县格张地区早白垩世火山岩岩石成因

西藏南木林县格张地区在构造上位于中冈底斯带南部(即中拉萨地块南部)的革吉—申扎弧后盆地。以格张地区出露的火山岩为研究对象,进行岩石学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、元素地球化学和Lu-Hf同位素地球化学分析研究。结果显示,格张地区火山岩主要为一套酸性火山碎屑岩夹少量的火山熔岩,岩石组合为流纹质含角砾晶屑凝灰岩和流纹质(含角砾)晶屑熔结凝灰岩夹少量流纹岩和玄武岩。火山岩中发育典型的岩浆锆石。对1件流纹岩和1件流纹质晶屑熔结凝灰岩样品中的锆石进行U-Pb LA-ICP-MS定年分析,分别获得的年龄为(133±1.7) Ma和(128±1.5) Ma,表明火山岩形成于早白垩世(K1)时期。火山岩主量元素在质量分数上表现为高SiO2(69.4%~75.8%)、高K2O(2.93%~5.58%)、富Al2O3(12.7%~14.6%)、低TiO2(0.20%~0.34%)、低Na2O(0.05%~2.5%)、弱过铝质过铝质(A/NK为0.92~1.83,A/CNK为1.06~3.59)、高钾钙碱性系列的钾质火山岩特征。稀土元素配分模式呈现为轻稀土元素强烈富集的右陡倾斜型,其(La/Yb)N为12.3~22.0,具明显的负铕异常(Eu/Eu*=0.47~0.62)。微量元素普遍表现出Rb、Th、K等元素的正异常和Ba、Ta、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素的负异常。火山岩的εHf(t)值主要集中在-12.4~-7.2,两阶段地壳Hf模式年龄tDM2主要为1.5~1.7 Ga,相当于念青唐古拉群(AnZNq)的地质时代。格张地区早白垩世火山岩应为中部拉萨地块基底的念青唐古拉群(AnZNq)部分熔融的结果,并伴有少量幔源物质的加入,形成于因班怒洋板片南向俯冲所产生的陆缘弧构造环境。     

Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian Basalts in the Central Lhasa Subterrane, Southern Tibet: Implications for the Evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean

Basalts from the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian are extensively developed in the central Lhasa subterrane, southern Tibet. Studying the petrogenesis of these rocks may have implications for the late Paleozoic arc magmatism along the central Lhasa subterrane uncovering more of the evolution of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean and its dynamic mechanism. Basalt samples from the Luobadui Formation in the Leqingla area, NW of Linzhou City in the central Lhasa subterrane, southern Tibet exhibit arc-like geochemical signatures in a subduction-zone tectonic setting characterized by high Al2O3 and low TiO2 contents, fractionated REE patterns with low Nb/La ratios and high LREE concentrations, and negative HFSE anomalies. Based on their higher Th/Ce, Nb/Zr, and lower Ba/Th, Pb/Nd ratios, slightly negative to positive εNd(t) values, and the relatively high Sr-Pb isotopic compositions, these samples were probably derived from partial melting of a depleted mantle source of garnet + spinel lherzolite, metasomatized by subducted sediments around 297 Ma. Modeling of the trace elements indicates that these basalts experienced fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene and minor plagioclase during magma ascent and eruption. It is proposed that these Late Carboniferous–Early Permian basalts are associated with the northward subduction of the Sumdo Paleo-Tethys Ocean seafloor along the southern margin of the central Lhasa subterrane.     

Geochronology,Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting of the Late Jurassic I-type Granites in the North Qinling Orogenic Belt,Central China

The North Qinling Orogenic Belt(NQOB) is a composite orogenic belt in central China. It started evolving during the Meso–Neoproterozoic period and underwent multiple stages of plate subduction and collision before entering intra-continental orogeny in the Late Triassic. The Meso–Cenozoic intra-continental orogeny and tectonic evolution had different responses in various terranes of the belt, with the tectonic evolution of the middle part of the belt being particularly controversial. The granites...     

滇中禄丰地区侏罗系磁性地层学研究

通过云南中部禄丰地区侏罗系磁性地层学研究,建立了滇中侏罗系磁极性地层柱,为国内及该地区侏罗系地层单元的时代划分与对比提供了基础资料。依据磁性地层学研究的结果,修订了滇中侏罗系的顶界和上、中侏罗统的界线,建立了中、下侏罗统和侏罗系—三叠系界线数据。经对比发现,滇中侏罗系古地磁极与扬子地块侏罗系古地磁参考极之间有较大差异,反映滇中地块自侏罗纪以来曾向南发生了明显移动,产生过顺时针旋转。