Controls on large‐scale patterns of fluvial sandbody distribution in alluvial to coastal plain strata: Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation,Wasatch Plateau,Central Utah,USA

Current models of alluvial to coastal plain stratigraphy are concept‐driven and focus on relative sea‐level as an allogenic control. These models are tested herein using data from a large (ca 100 km long and 300 m thick), continuous outcrop belt (Upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation, central Utah, USA). Many channelized fluvial sandbodies in the Blackhawk Formation have a multilateral and multistorey internal character, and they generally increase in size and abundance (from ca 10% to ca 30% of the strata) from base to top of the formation. These regional, low‐resolution trends exhibit much local variation, but are interpreted to reflect progressively decreasing tectonic subsidence in the upper Blackhawk Formation and overlying Castlegate Sandstone. The trend may also incorporate progressively more frequent channel avulsion during deposition of the lower Blackhawk Formation. Laterally extensive coal zones formed on the coastal plain during shallow‐marine transgressions, and define the high‐resolution stratigraphic framework of the lower Blackhawk Formation. Large (up to 25 m thick and 1 to 6 km wide), multistorey, multilateral, fluvial channel‐complex sandbodies that overlie composite erosion surfaces occur at distinct stratigraphic levels, and are interpreted as fluvial incised valley fills. Low amplitude (<30 m) relative sea‐level variations are interpreted as the dominant control on stratigraphic architecture in the lower Blackhawk Formation, which was deposited up to 50 km inland from the coeval shoreline. In contrast, the high‐resolution stratigraphy of the upper Blackhawk Formation is poorly defined, and channelized fluvial sandbodies are poorly organized. Vertical and laterally offset stacking of a small proportion (<10%) of sandbodies produced ‘clusters’ that are not confined by ‘master’ erosion surfaces. Avulsion is interpreted to dominate the stratigraphic architecture of the upper Blackhawk Formation. This data‐driven analysis indicates that alluvial to coastal plain stratigraphic architecture reflects a combination of various allogenic controls and autogenic behaviours. The relative sea‐level control emphasized in sequence stratigraphic models is only rarely dominant.     

上扬子地区晚二叠世沉积演化及聚煤

位于上扬子板块的贵州、滇东、川南地区发育着丰富的晚二叠世煤炭资源,本文对该区晚二叠世地层、沉积环境和古地理进行系统研究,提出该区岩石地层划分对比方案,在沉积环境方面,提出本区三大相区、五种沉积体系和多种沉积相类型。分龙潭早期、龙潭晚期和长兴期。论述了研究区晚二叠世古地理演化。并对聚煤作用控制因素进行分析,认为煤层发育层位受幕式聚煤作用控制,煤层厚度则与下伏沉积物的沉积环境有关,聚煤有利部位为位于海陆交互相区的黔西地区,有利聚煤的沉积体系为三角洲-潮坪体系。     

豫西陕渑煤田山西组煤层形成环境和聚煤特征

本文以宏观沉积学研究方法为主，辅助进行室内岩矿签定，编制沉积断面图和各种等值线图，在此基础上讨论了山西组煤层的沉积环境。并对煤层与聚煤沉积环境间的关系进行讨论。研究结果表明，泥炭沉积前和沉积期的沉积环境是影响煤层厚度和煤质的主要原因，泥炭沉积后的沉积环境仅在局部地区影响煤厚分布，而后期构造对煤厚影响程度较小。     

淮北煤田刘店井田含煤岩系沉积特征及主煤层对比研究

通过对大量钻孔资料分析,运用沉积学、煤田地质学的基本理论和方法,分析了淮北煤田刘店井田二叠系下统山西组和下石盒子组的沉积环境和成煤演化史。研究表明,山西组和下石盒子组煤层都形成于三角洲平原环境,其中,山西组煤组形成于三角洲低速度的建设与高速度的建设的过渡时期;下石盒子组煤组形成于高速度建设型的三角洲平原环境。运用标志层、层间距、煤层顶底板岩石特征、煤质特征、微量元素地球化学特征等综合分析方法,对7、10煤层进行了对比判定。     

贵州纳雍地区含煤地层龙潭组中上段三角洲沉积体系

贵州纳雍地区含煤地层龙潭组中上段形成于三角洲沉积体系,其中中段形成于潮汐影响的河控三角州沉积体系;上段形成于坝后河控三角洲沉积体系。每一种沉积体系的持续发展形成了一个沉积幕,分别包括4个成因单元。每个成因单元代表了该沉积体系在某一阶段内受海平面升降影响而沉积的一套完整的进积至后期废弃沉积。这些沉积由5种沉积相,即上三角洲平原;下三角洲平原;水下三角洲平原;三角洲间湾（或边缘）以及三角洲废弃相组合构成。两种不同类型的三角洲沉积体系聚煤作用有着根本的差别:受潮汐影响的河控三角洲沉积体系代表了龙潭组最活动的碎屑沉积部分,聚煤差,煤层普遍不可采;坝后河控三角洲沉积体系相对较稳定,聚煤好,煤层普遍可采。不同环境和相组合中聚煤作用也不同,本区以上三角洲平原和三角洲间湾（或边缘）环境聚煤最好。总之该三角洲沉积体系是我国海陆交替相含煤地层中沉积厚度大、聚煤最丰富的三角洲沉积体系之一。     

徐家围子断陷白垩系营城组四段层序地层及沉积相

松辽盆地徐家围子断陷白垩系营城组砂砾岩是深层天然气勘探的主要目标层位.营城组四段可以划分出2个三级层序,即营四下层序和营四上层序.营四下层序沉积期断陷深度大、分布范围小、分割性强,形成了相互独立的火山断陷湖,边界发育多个物源,主要发育冲积扇、扇三角洲以及泛滥平原3种沉积相;营四上层序沉积期为一个统一的大断陷,主物源为北东物源,沉积相的发育具有较强的分带性.利用层序地层学方法建立了等时地层层序格架,认为营四段沉积前的构造格局控制了湖盆不同层序沉积相的展布,徐家围子断陷周缘发育一系列沟谷,并沿轴向凸起东侧相继发育了辫状河-辫状三角洲、扇三角洲以及河流三角洲沉积体系.     

辽河东部凹陷驾掌寺—小龙湾地区沙三段上亚段沉积古地理及聚煤作用分析

利用钻探、测井及地震资料对辽河盆地东部凹陷驾掌寺—小龙湾地区沙河街组三段上亚段进行了沉积环境和聚煤作用分析,编制了各种单因素图件及古地理图,识别出冲积扇、三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和前三角洲以及滨浅湖等古地理单元。分析认为,研究区物源来自东侧东部斜坡带和西侧中央凸起,并在区内沉积中心—驾掌寺—小龙湾凹陷处汇集,在适宜的气候、缓和的构造背景、适中的沉降幅度、较少的碎屑输入条件下,有一定水体深度的三角洲平原分流间湾沼泽区是成煤的有利地带,巨厚煤层分布于小龙湾地区的小14井、小5井以及小31井一带。     

海拉尔盆地群下白垩统层序格架内聚煤特征与成煤模式

对内蒙古海拉尔盆地早白垩世含煤岩系的沉积充填序列、层序地层及聚煤规律进行研究,将扎赉诺尔群划分为6个3级层序及相应的体系域,6个层序分别对应于铜钵庙组、南屯组一段、南屯组二段、大磨拐河组一段、大磨拐河组二段和伊敏组,煤层主要发育在层序Ⅲ、Ⅵ的湖侵体系域;且煤层在层序格架内部,从辫状河冲积平原–上三角洲平原–下三角洲平原–湖泊环境,呈现有规律的变化。通过对层序Ⅲ、Ⅵ中各主采煤层的底部砂体厚度、煤层厚度及成煤期的古地理环境详细分析,概括出层序Ⅲ的主要成煤环境为湖泊周缘扇（辫状河）三角洲平原和湖滨带;层序Ⅳ主要聚煤环境为扇前、扇间浅水湖盆和浅水湖泊大面积淤积而成的泥炭沼泽。      

Sedimentology of Fraser River delta peat deposits: A modern analogue for some deltaic coals

On the Recent lobe of the Fraser River delta peat accumulation has actively occurred on the distal lower dilta plain, the transition between upper and lower delta plains, and the alluvial plain.Distal lower delta plain peats developed from widespread salt and brackish marshes and were not influenced appreciably by fluvial activity. Lateral development of the marsh facies were controlled by compaction and eustatic sea level rise. The resulting thin, discontinuous peat network contains numerous silty clay partings and high concentrations of sulphur. Freshwater marsh facies formed but were later in part eroded and altered by transgressing marine waters. The peats overlie a thin, fluvial, fining-upward sequence which in turn overlies a thick, coarsening-upward, prodelta—delta front succession.Lower delta plain—upper delta plain peats initially developed from interdistributary brackish marshes and were later fluvially influenced as the delta prograded. The thickest peats occur in areas where distributary channels were abandoned earliest. Sphagnum biofacies replace sedge-grass-dominated communities except along active channel margins, where the sedge-grass facies is intercalated with overbank and splay deposits. The peats are underlain by a relatively thin sequence of fluvial deposits which in turn is underlain by a major coarsening-upward delta front and pro-delta sequence.Alluvial plain peats accumulated in back swamp environments of the flood plain. Earliest sedge-clay and gyttjae peats developed over thin fining-upward fluvial cycles or are interlaminated with fine-grained flood deposits. Thickest accumulations occur where peat fills small avulsed flood channels. Overlying sedge-grass and Sphagnum biofacies are horizontally stratified and commonly have sharp boundaries with fine-grained flood sediments. At active channel margins however, sedge-grass peats are intercalated with natural levee deposits consisting of silty clay. These levees reduce both the number and size of crevasse splay deposits.Coal originating from peats of the different environments of the Fraser delta would vary markedly in character. Peats of the lower delta plain will form thin lenticular coal seams with numerous splits and have a high ash and sulphur content. Peats from the lower to upper delta plain will be laterally extensive and of variable thickness and quality. Basal portions of the seams will contain numerous splits and have a high sulphur content whereas upper portions will be of higher quality. Peats from the upper delta plain—alluvial plain will form thick, isolated and laterally restricted coal seams characterized by low ash and sulphur contents.     

贵州省乐平世层序–古地理及聚煤规律

利用露头剖面及钻孔资料对贵州省乐平统（上二叠统）含煤岩系层序-古地理及聚煤规律进行研究。根据海相标志层向陆地方向延伸范围所反映的海平面规律,将贵州省乐平统划分为3个三级复合层序（CSⅠ、CSⅡ、CSⅢ）和相应的低位、海侵及高位层序组,层序CSⅠ相当于龙潭组下段中下部,层序CSⅡ相当于龙潭组下段上部及龙潭组上段下部,层序CSⅢ相当于龙潭组上段上部及长兴组。通过分析地层厚度、石灰岩含量、砂泥比、煤层厚度等参数变化规律,恢复3个层序的岩相古地理。贵州省乐平世海侵方向均来自研究区东部,物源来自西部的康滇高地,贵州省地区乐平统自西向东发育有陆相冲积平原、过渡相三角洲及潮坪-潟湖、海相碳酸盐台地以及深水盆地等古地理单元,总体上贵州省乐平世经历了CSⅠ的海侵、CSⅡ的海退及CSⅢ的持续海侵过程,在贵州西部地区,各古地理单元总体上有CSⅠ向陆、CSⅡ向海、CSⅢ又持续向陆的迁移规律。聚煤作用以CSⅢ最强,CSⅡ次之,CSⅠ较差。聚煤中心分布在过渡相三角洲平原及潮坪古地理单元,且有随区域性的海侵海退而迁移。CSⅠ的聚煤中心主要分布在发耳和纳雍地区,CSⅡ的聚煤中心主要分布在黔西南普安—六盘水及织金一带,CSⅢ的聚煤中心主要分布在六盘水、盘县及织金地区。这些聚煤规律分析结果可为煤炭及煤层气资源的勘探开发提供理论支持。      

华北地台东部石炭系—二叠系优质煤储层形成分布控制因素

优质煤储层在此指厚度大、分布广、储集物性好的煤层。沉积相对优质煤储层的形成和分布有重要控制作用。通过浅海和泻湖淤积填平发育起来的潮坪环境和三角洲环境是最有利的优质煤储层形成环境,煤储层厚度大、分布广。沉积环境对煤储层中的灰分含量和镜质组含量有重要影响,而灰分含量和镜质组含量又直接影响煤储层的储集物性。灰分充填了煤储层中的孔隙,其含量越高,储集物性越差;镜质组有利于割理的形成,其含量越高,储集物性越好。由于在灰分含量、煤岩显微组分等方面的差异,潮坪环境沉积的煤储层的储集物性优于三角洲的煤储层,下三角洲平原沉积的煤储层优于上三角洲平原沉积的煤储层。海平面变化对优质煤储层的形成和分布也有重要控制作用。高位体系煤储层富集,单层厚度大,横向分布相当稳定,尤其是高位体系域晚期,是形成优质煤储层最有利的层位。而水进体系域煤储层稀少,单层厚度小,横向分布不稳定,不利于优质煤储层形成。     

The Karoo Basin of South Africa: type basin for the coal-bearing deposits of southern Africa

The coal-bearing sediments and coal seams of the Karoo Basin, Southern Africa are described and discussed. The Karoo Basin is bounded on its southern margin by the Cape Fold Belt, onlaps onto the Kaapvaal Craton in the north and is classified as a foreland basin. Coal seams are present within the Early Permian Vryheid Formation and the Triassic Molteno Formation.The peats of the Vryheid Formation accumulated within swamps in a cool temperate climatic regime. Lower and upper delta plain, back-barrier and fluvial environments were associated with peat formation. Thick, laterally extensive coal seams have preferentially accumulated in fluvial environments. The coals are in general inertinite-rich and high in ash. However, increasing vitrinite and decreasing ash contents within seams occur from west to east across the coalfields. The Triassic Molteno coal seams accumulated with aerially restricted swamps in fluvial environments. These Molteno coals are thin, laterally impersistent, vitrinite-rich and shaly, and formed under a warm temperate climatic regime.Palaeoclimate, depositional systems, differential subsidence and basin tectonics influence to varying degrees, the maceral content, thickness and lateral extent of coal seams. However, the geographic position of peat-forming swamps within a foreland basin, coupled with basin tectonics and differential subsidence are envisaged as the primary controls on coal parameters. The Permian coals are situated in proximal positions on the passive margin of the foreland basin. Here, subsidence was limited which enhanced oxidation of organic matter and hence the formation of inertinitic coals. The coals in this tectonic setting are thick and laterally extensive. The Triassci coals are situated within the tectonically active foreland basin margin. Rapid subsidence and sedimentation rates occurred during peat formation which resulted in the preservation of thin, laterally impersistent, high ash, vitrinite-rich, shaly coals.     

The geology and palynology of Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian strata in the Western Kentucky Coal Field

The Western Kentucky Coal Field is the southern tip of the Eastern Interior, or Illinois Basin. Pennsylvanian rocks in this area, which include conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale, limestone and coal, were deposited primarily in coastal-deltaic settings at a time when western Kentucky was located close to the equator. This paper discusses temporal changes in regional sedimentation patterns and coal-forming floras of Lower and Middle Pennsylvanian strata in the Western Kentucky Coal Field.Lower Pennsylvanian strata of the Caseyville Formation are characterized by paleovalley-filling sedimentation patterns and extabasinal quartz pebbles. Caseyville Formation coals are characteristically thin and discontinuous and were strongly influenced by subsidence within underlying paleovalleys, and the dissected lower Pennsylvanian paleotopography. Caseyville coals are commonly dominated by Lycospora, but can also have variable palynofloras, which probably reflects variable edaphic conditions and edge effects within small, patchy paleomires. Tradewater Formation strata show increased marine influences and tidal-estuarine sedimentation, especially in the middle and upper parts. Coal beds in the lower part of the Tradewater typically are thin and discontinuous, although some economically important beds are present. Coals become thicker, more abundant and more laterally persistent towards the top of the formation. Palynologically, lower and middle Tradewater Formation coals are dominated by Lycospora, but begin to show increased amounts of tree fern spores. Middle and upper Tradewater coals are thicker and more continuous, and contain high percentages of tree fern spores. In addition, cordaite pollen is locally abundant in this interval.Carbondale and Shelburn (Desmoinesian) strata are much more laterally continuous, and occur within classic cyclothems that can be traced across the coal field. Cyclothems have long been interpreted as being eustatically driven, and glacio-eustacy controlled not only sedimentation but also the formation of Desmoinesian paleomires. Palynologically, Carbondale and Shelburn coals are either dominated by Lycospora or have heterogeneous palynofloras. Palynologic and coal-quality data suggest that hydrologic base level may have been the primary control on Desmoinesian paleomires, rather than paleoclimate, as the coals display rheotrophic, rather than ombrotrophic characteristics.     

鄂尔多斯盆地中部上三叠统瓦窑堡组层序—古地理与聚煤规律*

为研究鄂尔多斯盆地中部上三叠统瓦窑堡组层序地层格架下的沉积演化与聚煤规律,利用野外露头、钻孔以及测井资料,识别出瓦窑堡组共发育5种岩石类型及17种岩相类型。以区域不整合面、地层颜色突变面和河道下切谷冲刷面等层序地层界面,将瓦窑堡组划分为3个三级层序SQ1、SQ2和SQ3,确定了每个层序的沉积范围、岩相组合及沉积体系。采用单因素作图法,综合考虑沉积相等多因素确定沉积单元边界,恢复了三级层序的沉积格局。瓦窑堡期沉积单元主要为曲流河、冲积平原沉积、三角洲平原、三角洲前缘和湖泊,自SQ1期至SQ3期,冲积平原、三角洲沉积逐步向湖域推进,滨—浅湖范围逐渐萎缩。三角洲平原的发育为聚煤作用提供了有利场所,形成了具有一定工业价值的煤层。从SQ1期到SQ3期,聚煤作用主要发生于湖侵体系域,且随着聚煤作用逐渐增强,泥炭堆积速率与可容空间增加速率逐渐达到平衡,煤层总厚度和单层煤层最大厚度逐渐增大。该研究成果可为鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统瓦窑堡组煤炭资源潜力预测和富油煤形成机理研究提供地质依据。     

克鲁伦凹陷大磨拐河组沉积体系演化与赋铀性

克鲁伦凹陷下白垩统大磨拐河组是海拉尔盆地寻找可地浸砂岩型铀矿的目的层。大磨拐河组主要发育冲积扇、扇三角洲和湖相 3种沉积体系。根据沉积环境和沉积物特征 ,可将冲积扇划分为扇根、扇中和扇端 3种亚相 ;扇三角洲划分为上扇三角洲平原、下扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘和前扇三角洲亚相。凹陷北缘发育两个扇体 ,扇三角洲体系和冲积扇体系之间在不同时期可相互转化。区内的陆源粗碎屑沉积岩为铀的富集创造了有利条件 ,扇三角洲和冲积扇的主河道和分流河道是最有利于铀聚集的部位。     

华亭矿区延安组沉积环境分析

华亭矿区延安组形成于河流、湖泊三角洲-湖泊沉积体系,其中以湖泊三角洲平原占优势,其沉积相有河流相、冲积扇相、湖泊三角洲相、湖泊相.煤系沉积初期,以河流及冲积扇沉积为主,沉积中期则以湖泊三角洲沉积为主,晚期以湖泊环境为主,延安组各煤层大多是在湖泊三角洲平原上泥沼化形成的.     

Controls on peat accumulation in the Permian Vryheid Formation in a part of northern Natal,South Africa

The early Permian Vryheid Formation is a fluviodeltaic tongue of sediment deposited on the passive northern margin of an asymmetric, intracontinental linear trough (Karoo basin). In the study area these strata attain a maximum thickness of about 270 m, comprising three informal lithostratigraphic members (Lower zone, Coal zone and Upper zone).The Coal zone is characterized by arkosic, coarse to very coarse, pebbly sandstones and subordinate fines arranged in upward-fining sequences, many of which are coal-capped. These units are interpreted as distal outwash fan deposits.Sedimentation patterns in the Upper and Lower zones are dominated by superimposed upward-coarsening sequences representing repeated wave/fluvially-dominated fan delta progradation.Peat accumulation in the cool, seasonal climate which prevailed during Vryheid Formation sedimentation was slow. Significant peat thicknesses were deposited only in areas of low basin/compaction subsidence in the Coal zone during a period of general stability. Extensive upper delta plain and alluvial plain peats formed on broad platforms created by abandonment of braided channel systems. The thickest peats accumulated in raised swamps where vegetation-stabilized contemporaneous channels promoted a high water table. Peat erosion by later channel activity was slight since channel widening rather than stream-bed erosion prevailed. Coals thin, split and contain more ash near loci of contemporaneous channel activity. Upper delta plain coals were not marine-influenced. Some lower delta plain coals also formed on broad abandoned deltas and are likewise extensive. Rapid compaction subsidence rates attracted channel activity or marine incursions and the seams are thin. Peats also accumulated in restricted emergent interdistributory bays during delta construction. These coals are thin, discontinuous, marine-influenced and contain numerous clastic partings.     

兴县地区山西组三角洲沉积及聚煤作用

立足于野外露头、钻井资料研究,结合室内薄片分析、微量元素测试等,运用沉积学、沉积地球化学等理论和方法,在鄂尔多斯兴县地区下二叠统山西组中,识别出了三角洲平原和三角洲前缘2种亚相及分流河道、泥炭沼泽、天然堤、决口扇、水下分流河道、分流间湾和河口砂坝7种微相,并发现研究区山一段主要发育三角洲平原亚相,山二段主要发育三角洲前缘亚相,且整体上山西组沉积期区内具有三角洲逐渐向南推进的沉积特征.研究区的聚煤作用研究表明,山西组煤层均形成于短期基准面上升的晚期,8#、7#、6#煤的聚煤作用主要发生在三角洲前缘分流间湾充填淤浅的泥炭沼泽环境,5#煤形成于三角洲平原泥炭沼泽环境;山二沉积段中富煤地带多与砂岩富集带相吻合,山一沉积段中煤层的厚度则与砂砾岩含量呈现负相关性.     

Late Cambrian microbial build-ups,Llano Area,Central Texas: A three-phase morphological evolution

Although Late Cambrian microbial build-ups were recognized in the Point Peak Member of the Wilberns Formation in Central Texas (USA) nearly 70 years ago, only a few studies focused specifically on the build-ups themselves. This study focuses on the interpretation of the regional (15 measured sections described in literature representing an area of 8000 km²) and local (field and drone photogrammetry studies in a 25 km² area from within south Mason County) microbial build-up occurrence, describes their growth phases and details their interactions with the surrounding inter-build-up sediments. The study establishes the occurrence of microbial build-ups in the lower and upper Point Peak members (the Point Peak Member is informally broken up into the lower Point Peak and the upper Point Peak members separated by Plectotrophia zone). The lower Point Peak Member consists of three <1 m thick microbial bioherms and biostrome units, in addition to heterolithic and skeletal/ooid grainstone and packstone beds. One, up to 14 m thick, microbial unit associated with inter-build-up skeletal and ooid grainstone and packstone beds, intercalated with mixed siliciclastic–carbonate silt beds, characterizes the upper Point Peak member. The microbial unit in the upper Point Peak member displays a three-phase growth evolution, from an initial colonization phase on flat based, rip-up clast lenses, to a second aggradation and lateral expansion phase, into a third well-defined capping phase. The ultimate demise of the microbial build-ups is interpreted to have been triggered by an increase of water turbidity caused by a sudden influx of fine siliciclastics. The lower Point Peak member represents inner ramp shallow subtidal and intertidal facies and the upper Point Peak member corresponds to mid-outer ramp subtidal facies. Understanding the morphological architecture and depositional context of these features is of importance for identifying signatures of early life on Earth.     

青海木里聚乎更天然气水合物潜在区中侏罗世岩相古地理特征

青海聚乎更矿区不仅赋存丰富的煤炭资源,同时也是全球陆域中纬度高海拔地区天然气水合物的首要发现地,同时也是我国非常规天然气(煤层气和页岩气)勘探开发的潜在热点地区,且天然气水合物勘探的层位主要为中侏罗世含煤岩系。通过对青海聚乎更矿区中侏罗世含煤地层野外露头、钻孔岩心、测井等资料整理分析的基础上,对研究区内中侏罗世含煤岩系沉积时期的沉积环境及古地理进行了分析。以定量和定性分析相结合的方法对研究区岩相古地理进行重建。以钻孔沉积相分析为基础,结合单因素分析多因素综合作图法及研究区目的层段沉积相断面图分析,最终恢复各段沉积期的岩相古地理格局。木里组下段岩性主要为细砾岩、含砾粗砂岩及粗砂岩等粗粒岩性,分析认为木里组下段主要发育辫状河沉积;木里组上段随着水体的不断加深,发育形成 了研究区主采的下1、下2煤层,该段主要以三角洲沉积为主,同时研究区西南区域发育滨浅湖沉积;江仓组上段沉积时期,水体进一步加深,成煤环境逐渐变差,发育形成多套薄煤层,以三角洲沉积为主,西南区域的滨浅湖沉积范围进一步扩大;江仓组上段是发现水合物的主要层段,其岩性主要以油页岩、暗色泥岩等为主,含有典型的湖泊沉积的瓣鳃类化石,为湖泊沉积。总体上,聚乎更矿区在中侏罗世经历了辫状河、三角洲平原、三角洲前缘、滨浅湖、半深湖-深湖的持续变深的演化过程。