四川邻水华蓥山大峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源体系及地学意义

华蓥山大峡谷地质公园是以峡谷、构造和岩溶地貌为代表的风景地貌类地质公园。本文以华蓥山大峡谷地质公园地质遗迹景观资源为基础, 以川东褶皱带构造单元、川东平行岭谷地貌单元和上扬子地层分区的部分地层区域为研究视角, 构建华蓥山大峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源体系——包括地质(体、层)剖面、古生物活动遗迹、地貌景观、水体景观以及环境地质遗迹5个大类、15个类共100多处地质遗迹景点; 通过对各类地质遗迹的特征进行分析, 对前人研究进行总结, 探讨了地质公园地质遗迹重要的地学意义。研究表明, 华蓥山大峡谷地质遗迹在地质构造、地层、岩溶学、水文地质学以及地貌学等领域具有重要的科学价值。     

攀枝花盐边县岩口旅游区岩溶地质景观特征及其旅游开发探讨

攀枝花盐边县岩口旅游区天洞、溶洞、暗河、石林等岩溶景观独特,与自然景观和人文景观结合紧密,具有重要的科学研究、艺术观赏价值。本文主要依据岩溶形成的地质背景、岩溶景观特征以及旅游资源的价值、区位条件等,提出在该区建立地质公园等旅游开发的一些措施。      

石林

云南石林世界地质公园位于云南省石林彝族自治县，占地总面积400km^2，是一个以石林地貌景观为主的岩溶地质公园。晚古生代这里为滨海-浅海环境，沉积了上千米的石灰岩、白云岩，为形成本区石林地貌奠定了基础。经受后期地壳运动的抬升作用成为陆地，多期次遭受地下水、地表水沿岩石裂隙进行溶蚀，最后形成了组合类型多样的石林地貌景观。     

四川雷波马湖地质公园景观资源

马湖地质公园以高山湖泊景观为主,马湖湖岸呈锯齿状,水域面积7.32 km2,为我国已知的第四大深水湖泊。此外还有岩溶洞穴、丹霞地貌、火山熔岩、金沙江峡谷地貌、三国文化遗址景观——孟获庙。构成了地质遗迹景观成因类型多样、组合独特、功能齐全、互补性强的综合性景观。该地质公园,具有重要的科考价值、美学价值、观赏价值和保护价值。     

四川省地质公园分展战略与对策思考

四川省地质遗迹与地质景观资源丰富，以恐龙化石产地及活动遗迹，高寒岩溶和温带－亚热带岩溶，古冰川与现代活动冰川，推覆构造及地震地质遗迹等独具特色，是我国西部地质遗迹与地质景观资料大省，当前应加速地质公园的建设与开发步伐，充分发挥其经济价值，社会价值和生态环境价值，实施可持续发展战略，带动地方旅游经济快速发展。     

新疆天山天池地质公园地质景观资源特征及初步评价

天山天池地质公园地质遗迹景观分布广,成因类型多样,有水体景观、地质地貌景观、典型地质剖面景观、古生物化石景观、地质灾害遗迹及防治工程、典型矿床及采矿遗址景观等六大类型,有湖泊、瀑布、古冰川遗迹、现代冰川、名山、火山岩石林等21种基本类型,有148个地质景点.以天山天池、马牙山石林、博格达现代冰川、第四纪古冰川遗迹等为导向性地质遗迹景观,集湖、瀑、雪峰、石林、森林、草地、激流、峡谷、冰川U谷、哈萨克风情于一体,融雄、奇、险、秀、俏、美、恬、淳等于一炉,其在亚洲版图的中心地带具有典型性、稀有性和极高的观赏性.     

云南石林岩溶发育的古环境研究

以地质地貌景观调查、填图为基础,应用区域地层、古地磁资料、植物和孢粉化石、岩石与古土壤的化学成分(含稀土元素)、古土壤粘粒硅铝比值、钙华、溶蚀率等资料,研究了石林岩溶各主要演化阶段的古环境特点。石林地区能保留有早二叠世晚期至第四纪的石林岩溶是源于该区特殊古地理环境演变所控制的不同古环境下的岩溶过程差异。按照岩溶与环境的关系,可将石林岩溶演化的漫长过程分别划分出有利于石林岩溶发育与有利于石林岩溶保存的不同时期。石林地区的石林岩溶经历了古热带湿热海岸边缘、古热带行星风系干旱环境、半干旱山地湖泊环境与热带低海拔湿热气候到高原亚热带干湿季风气候演变。石林地区是研究漫长地质时期的不同环境下石林岩溶发育与保存的较好地点之一。      

福建连城赖源岩溶景观特点及成因探讨

赖源景区是连城冠豸山国家地质公园主要园区之一,以发育岩溶峰丛、孤峰、溶洞及岩溶次生化学沉积等为主要特征。园区内有山地景观、溶洞景观和水体景观3种类型,岩溶发育系统完整,景观优美,其形成是船山—棲霞灰岩受水流溶蚀,机械侵蚀和重力崩塌等多种地质作用的结果。     

青海省青海湖国家地质公园主要地质遗迹类型及其地学意义

青海省青海湖国家地质公园是以湖泊水体景观为代表的地质公园,公园内地质遗迹和景观类型多样,集湖泊、河流、湿地、沙漠于一体,是一个地质科学内涵丰富、旅游资源多样的地质公园。长期的地质作用形成了复杂的构造、重要的地层记录,特别是新生代以来伴随喜马拉雅构造运动形成的多级夷平面、青海湖以及古湖岸线,对人类活动和环境的影响有着重要的地学意义。     

四川省地质公园发展战略与对策思考

四川省地质遗迹与地质景观资源丰富,以恐龙化石产地及活动遗迹、高寒岩溶和温带-亚热带岩溶、古冰川与现代活动冰川、推覆构造及地震地质遗迹等独具特色,是我国西部地质遗迹与地质景观资源大省.当前应加速地质公园的建设与开发步伐,充分发挥其经济价值、社会价值和生态环境价值,实施可持续发展战略,带动地方旅游经济快速发展.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861