四川木里地区找寻岩金矿的几点体会

四川木里地区矿产资源丰富,尤其是金矿资源。目前已发现了梭罗沟大型岩金矿床、耳泽岩金矿床等。由于该地区特殊构造位置及有利的成矿条件,具有良好的找寻岩金矿前景。本文是通过总结在木里地区从事岩金找矿、普查、勘探、开采10多年工作基础上,总结出了在该地区岩金的找矿标志及找矿方法。     

北山地区岩浆活动与金矿成矿作用关系探讨

北山地区金矿床的产出与花岗岩类侵入岩之间具有明显的空间分布关系，金矿床的形成时代与区域岩浆活动在时间上存在明显的耦合关系。研究结果表明，北山地区大规模的金成矿作用主要与塔里木、哈萨克斯坦和西伯利亚三大板块之间的碰撞对接及其后陆内活化诱发的大规模岩浆侵入-喷发活动有关。     

华北地台北缘三种有潜力的金矿及其找矿方向

华北地台北缘是我国一个巨型金成矿带。成矿作用主要受控于前寒武纪的结晶基底、区域性的深大断裂带和火山－岩浆活动。海西晚期－燕山期的构造岩浆活动是本区的最重要控矿因素。与构造岩浆活动有关的金矿类型，尤其是其中的特殊类型和新类型，具有巨大的找矿潜力。     

四川九寨沟地区金矿床特征与找矿远景

九寨沟地区金矿床主要赋存于三叠系、寒武一志留系、泥盆系浊积岩中,并受构造控制。矿石矿物以多金属硫化物为主,见有孔雀石、铜蓝和褐铁矿等次生矿物及各种氧化物类,主成矿元素金的资源量可达特大型以上,属于构造岩浆热液型金矿床。该区及外围均具有很大的找矿潜力。     

海南抱伦金矿区辉绿岩脉的成因及其对金成矿的启示

海南抱伦金矿区的金矿脉与大量辉绿岩脉在空间上紧密相关。在详细的野外地质调查基础上,本文对这些辉绿岩脉开展了岩相学和矿相学观察、全岩主量和微量元素分析、Sm-Nd同位素组成分析、金丰度分析以及SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年,初步探讨了辉绿岩脉的成因、岩浆演化和构造背景以及与金成矿作用的关系。地球化学分析结果表明,辉绿岩脉形成于拉斑玄武质岩浆,主要为左倾型的稀土配分模式;相对N-MORB,富集Sr、K、Rb和Ba等LILE和Th,亏损HFSE,εNd(t)为0.3~5.6,说明岩浆源区为受到俯冲带含水流体影响和少量地壳混染的亏损地幔。辉绿岩脉的SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为231.6±2.6Ma,与尖峰岭花岗质岩体的年龄(236±3.5Ma^249±5Ma)相近,产出位置相邻,类似于海南兴隆地区的双峰式侵入岩,表明它们产出于造山后伸展环境。辉绿岩脉对应的岩浆富含CO2、H2O、F、K、Rb、Ba和适量的S,为抱伦金矿等单金矿床中Au的合适载体。金丰度分析结果表明,辉绿岩脉中的Au曾被活化迁移。再结合辉绿岩脉成岩年龄与抱伦矿区的成矿年龄在误差范围内一致的特征,认为抱伦金矿的Au可能来源于辉绿岩脉。     

甘肃文康地区金矿地质特征与找矿标志

甘肃文县－康县地区的内生金矿床可分为两类,即兼有变质热液和岩浆热液参与成矿的混合热液型和韧性剪切带型。其典型代表分别为新关金矿和尚家沟金矿。通过对本区地层、构造、岩浆岩的综合研究及典型矿例的分析,认为本区成矿条件良好,尤其是具有形成大型剪切带型金矿的广阔前景,找矿中应特别注意碳硅泥岩中韧性剪切带发育并伴有破碎蚀变及低温组合Ａｕ－Ａｓ－Ｓｂ－Ｈｇ－Ａｇ的浓集中心地带。     

秦岭地区煌斑岩特征及其与金矿成矿关系

秦岭地区广泛分布有煌斑岩,其主要赋存于古生界志留系与濯舅系的粉砂质板岩中,大部分含金较高。经不同成矿区煌斑岩与金矿关系的对比研究,认为其具有相似性,并与金成矿关系密切。对煌斑岩出露区的找矿标志以及本区的找矿方向作了分析。     

四川黑水地区锰矿床特征与找矿远景

黑水地区锰矿床主要赋存于下三叠统菠茨沟组地层中,受构造控制。矿石矿物主要有硬锰矿、软锰矿、褐锰矿、菱锰矿、钙菱锰矿等。脉石矿物主要有磁铁矿、针铁矿、黄铁矿等。主成矿元素锰的资源量可达特大型以上,属于沉积变质型锰矿床。该区及外围均具有很大的找矿潜力。     

铜石杂岩体隐爆作用与金矿成矿的关系及其研究意义

山东省平邑县铜石地区是鲁西最重要的金矿产地,继归来庄大型金矿床发现之后,又相继发现了卓家庄特富金矿床及磨坊沟、梨方沟、贺山庄等具层控特征的金矿床,构成了铜石金矿田。这些金矿床的形成与铜石地区中生代多期次岩浆活动或隐爆作用密切相关,分布于岩体边部的隐爆-侵入角砾岩是金矿床的载体,成为寻找隐爆-侵入角砾岩型金矿的重要标志。     

Gold Mineralization at the Agawa Prospect in Yamaguchi Prefecture,Southwestern Japan

Agawa gold prospect, located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, southwestern Japan, is a small prospect, where placer gold has been explored and mined since the 17th century. We investigated the prospect to clarify the genesis of the deposit based on the geology, hydrothermal alteration, geochronology, and ore mineralogy. The main mineralized zone of the prospect has a horizontal and vertical extensions of 500 m and 100 m, respectively, and a width of less than 100 m. Gold mineralization in the prospect occurs as dissemination and stockwork veinlets in the intensely sericitized rocks at the apical part of the Agawa dioritic porphyry intrusion at 86.5–88.5 Ma. Mineralization is typified by at least three stages – an early stage characterized by the occurrence of pyrrhotite and native gold; a middle stage by chalcopyrite; and a late stage by pyrite–bornite. Mineral assemblage and fluid inclusion microthermometry estimation suggest a trend of decreasing temperatures from 400°C to 160°C at a constant sulfur fugacity. The mineralizing fluids formed by the mixing of a hypogene fluid of possibly magmatic origin with an external lower‐temperature and lower‐salinity fluid. The mixing process decreased the temperature and salinity of the fluid, resulting in the precipitation of sulfides, native gold and Bi–Te alloys and sulfosalts. The magnetite‐series signature of the Agawa porphyry and related molybdenite‐bearing mineralization indicate that the plutonism of the San‐in granitoids belt extends to the westernmost end of the Honshu Island. The compiled geochronology and distribution of the metallic deposits in the southwestern Japan arc show that transition from ilmenite‐series to magnetite‐series plutonism started earlier in the west, and shifted eastwards with time during the period from Late Cretaceous to Paleogene.     

四川石棉西部地区建造构造类型及其与成矿作用的关系

四川石棉西部地区位于羌塘-三江造山系(V)与扬子陆块(Ⅷ)两大一级构造单元结合部位,复杂和多样的地质构造,独特的演化历史和多其次强烈的构造一岩浆活动造就该区了十分有利的成矿地质环境,是重要的有色一稀贵金属成矿区。本文通过在区内开展矿产地质调查工作,共厘定出2类沉积建造、3类火山岩建造、8类变质岩建造以及8类侵入岩建造,同时在前人工作基础上,以已有成矿事实为依据,结合实际工作调查及后期综合归纳研究,共划分出7个与成矿密切的建造+构造特征组合类型。提出了并以碳酸盐岩建造+花岗质侵入建造+深大断裂附近的次级韧-脆性构造三位一体的综合找矿模式,为区内的找矿工作提供了一定的指导、借鉴,有效指导和推进了区内矿产勘查工作的开展。     

四川石棉西部地区金矿床形成时代

四川石棉西部地区金矿床和矿点分布在扬子地块盖层碳酸盐岩和基底元古宙变质闪长岩以及中生代石英斑岩中的北北西和北北东走向断裂中。矿脉为含金黄铁矿-（黝铜矿）-多金属硫化物-石英脉、含金黄铁矿-石英脉和含金硅化糜陵岩等,围岩蚀变为硅化、白（绢）云母化、碳酸盐化、绿泥石化和黄铁矿化等。用40^Ar／39^Ar阶段加热法测定瓦斯沟、黄水沟、大岩房、金洞子和金台子5个金矿床蚀变白云母。4^Ar／39^Ar坪年龄分别为约22Ma、25～28Ma、20Ma、20Ma和32-34Ma,代表该地区主要金矿床的矿化蚀变时间。石棉西部地区金矿床是在渐新世和中新世早期的伸展构造背景下形成的。     

Copper–Gold Skarn Mineralization at the Karavansalija Ore Zone,Rogozna Mountain,Southwestern Serbia

Karavansalija ore zone is situated in the Serbian part of the Serbo‐Macedonian magmatic and metallogenic belt. The Cu–Au mineralization is hosted mainly by garnet–pyroxene–epidote skarns and shifts to lesser presence towards the nearby quartz–epidotized rocks and the overlying volcanic tuffs. Within the epidosites the sulfide mineralogy is represented by disseminated cobalt‐nickel sulfides from the gersdorfite‐krutovite mineral series and cobaltite, and pyrite–marcasite–chalcopyrite–base metal aggregates. The skarn sulfide mineralization is characterized by chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, bismuth‐phases (bismuthinite and cosalite), arsenopyrite, gersdorffite, and sphalerite. The sulfides can be observed in several types of massive aggregates, depending on the predominant sulfide phases: pyrrhotite‐chalcopyrite aggregates with lesser amount of arsenopyrite and traces of sphalerite, arsenopyrite–bismuthinite–cosalite aggregates with subordinate sphalerite and sphalerite veins with bismuthinite, pyrite and arsenopyrite. In the overlying volcanoclastics, the studied sulfide mineralization is represented mainly by arsenopyrite aggregates with subordinate amounts of pyrite and chalcopyrite. Gold is present rarely as visible aggregate of native gold and also as invisible element included in arsenopyrite. The fluid inclusion microthermometry data suggest homogenization temperature in the range of roughly 150–400°C. Salinities vary in the ranges of 0.5–8.5 wt% NaCl eq for two‐phase low density fluid inclusions and 15–41 wt% NaCl eq for two‐phase high‐salinity and three‐phase high‐salinity fluid inclusions. The broad range of salinity values and the different types of fluid inclusions co‐existing in the same crystals suggest that at least two fluids with different salinities contributed to the formation of the Cu–Au mineralization. Geothermometry, based on EPMA data of arsenopyrite co‐existing with pyrite and pyrrhotite, suggests a temperature range of 240–360°C for the formation of the arsenopyrite, which overlaps well with the data for the formation temperature obtained through fluid inclusion microthermometry. The sulfur isotope data on arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and marcasite from the different sulfide assemblages (ranging from 0.4‰ to +3.9‰ δ³⁴S_CDT with average of 2.29 δ³⁴S_CDT and standard deviation of 1.34 δ³⁴S_CDT) indicates a magmatic source of sulfur for all of the investigated phases. The narrow range of the data points to a common source for all of the investigated sulfides, regardless of the host rock and the paragenesis. The sulfur isotope data shows good overlap with that from nearby base‐metal deposits; therefore the Cu–Au mineralization and the emblematic base‐metal sulfide mineralization from this metallogenic belt likely share same fluid source.     

贵州砂锅厂玄武岩-红土型金矿成矿作用研究

通过对砂锅厂红土型金矿床化学组成（常量元素、微量元素、稀土元素）的研究,根据矿床地球化学特征,探讨了矿床的物质来源,推断其矿源体为浅成低温热液金矿床（体）属微细侵染型金矿其矿石系黄铁矿化、毒砂化富金玄武质凝灰岩类风化的产物,初步分析了此类矿床的成矿作用机理。     

Polymetallic Mineralization at the Suttsu Vein-type Deposit, Southwestern Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract. The Suttsu polymetallic vein-type deposit, hosted by tuff, tuff breccia and shale of the Miocene Kunnui Formation and propylitized hornblende-augite andesite, is located in southwestern Hokkaido, Japan. It has been exploited and explored for Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag until 1962.
In this study, we examined K-Ar ages, ore mineralogical characteristics and fluid inclusions to obtain new data for the deposit.
The K-Ar ages on sericite indicate that the polymetallic mineralization occurred in Late Miocene (8.1–5.7 Ma). The polymetallic banded ore from the Ohkubo vein is characterized by an abundance of Au, Ag, Sn, Bi, in, Se and Te. These metals are mainly ascribed to electrum (30.3–37.8 atom% Ag), Se-bearing pavonite (8.5–9.5 wt% Se), gustavite-lillianite solid solution, Se-bearing bismuthinite (5.0–5.3 wt% Se), kawazulite, cassiterite, Sn-bearing chalcopyrite (3.3–4.2 wt% Sn), In-bearing stannite, stannite-chalcopyrite solid solution, and In- and Sn-bearing sphalerite (2.6–8.4 wt% In and 1.8–4.3 wt% Sn), occurring in narrow bands of the ore. The In- and Sn-bearing sphalerite likely forms a sphalerite-roquesite-stannite solid solution with the contents of roquesite and stannite being about 2–9 and 2-A mole%, respectively. Temperatures and salinities (in wt% NaCl equiv.) of the ore fluids are estimated to be 180-250C and 3–4 wt%, respectively. The Sn-bearing chalcopyrite therefore probably precipitated metastably. The geologic and mineralogical features suggest that pre-Tertiary basement rocks rich in organic material underlie the Miocene Kunnui Formation nearby the deposit and that they contributed to local and temporary reduction of magnetite-series magmas favorable for the early stage tin-polymetallic mineralization.     

Gold Mineralization at the Kyaukpahto Mine Area, Northern Myanmar

Abstract. Gold mineralization at Kyaukpahto occurs as a stockworks/dissemination style with localized breccia zones in silicified sandstones of the Male Formation (Eocene). The mineralization appears to be closely associated with NNE-SSW trending extensional faults probably related directly to the dextral movement of the Sagaing Fault system. Intense silicifica-tion associated with sericitization, argillic alteration and decalcification is recognized in the Kyaukpahto gold deposit. The important ore minerals associated with the gold mineralization are pyrite, arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite with minor amounts of other sulfides. Gold occurs as free particles or locked with pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite and tetrahedrite. Silver, copper, arsenic and antimony particularly appear to be good pathfinders and the best geochemical indicators of gold mineralization at Kyaukpahto. Electron microprobe analysis indicates that the fineness for the native gold ranges from 844 to 866. Present geological, mineralogical and geochemical investigations demonstrate that the Kyaukpahto gold deposit has been formed as a result of hydrothermal processes in a shallow level epithermal environment.     

德兴金山金矿田不同尺度构造特征及其与成矿作用的关系

德兴市金山金矿田是与赣东北深大断裂带内次一级剪切带有关的中温热液矿床。其矿石类型主要由与断裂充填有关的小尺度石英脉组成，这些石英脉主要呈纹层状。不同尺度的构造研究表明，金山金矿是同构造的产物，递进变形作用与成矿作用密切相关，在成矿过程中，普遍发育压溶作用，导致早期的石英颗粒发生溶解以及形成黄铁矿压力影。金山金矿蚀变硫化物以黄铁矿为主，说明成矿流体中硫主要以H2S和HS-形式存在。断层阀机制引起压力波动，进而导致成矿流体的相分离和水—岩反应，是金山金矿的主要成矿机制。     

Diabase Dykes in Sanqisan Uranium Deposit and Its Relation with Uranium Mineralization, Guangxi

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四川会东新田金矿矿床地质特征及找矿远景

四川会东县新田金矿是本项目组在康滇中东部地区取得的重要找矿成果。在矿产资源调查评价时,已圈定2个铜金矿体,其中K1矿体控制长1200m,平均厚1.88m,矿石平均品位Au 2.53g/t,Cu 0.45%;K2矿体控制长400m,平均厚2.65m,矿石平均品位Au 4.56g/t,Cu 0.74%。初步估算(3341)金属量Au 5218 kg,Cu 1.27万t。本文详细介绍了新田金矿床成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征,通过对控矿因素的研究,认为新田金矿属于构造蚀变岩型金矿床,其成矿时代、矿床成因与紧邻的播卡金矿床类似,受喜山期南北向的韧性剪切带控制。结合区内化探异常成果,提出在新田矿区及外围地区,具有继续寻找同类型矿床的潜力。