走滑运动与调整断层

走滑运动是指沿直立的断面作走向滑移的断裂运动。走滑断层可分为两种：一是单剪性质的走滑断层，按习惯称为平移断层；二是作为挤压带、伸展带、重力滑动带的侧向连系和调整的走滑断层，建议称为调整断层。建立调整断层的目的，在于拓宽对走滑运动内涵的认识，增强对走滑构造多样性的理解。     

斜向滑动与走滑转换构造

斜向滑动是边界型断层或古断裂复活的一种常见型式，其译名不应该用转换挤压或转换拉张。而应该用斜压或斜张构造。走滑转换构造是指沿断层的走滑运动在断层末端或转变部位转换成张、压或斜向滑动的构造。断层的分段性是普遍现象，讨论了各分段、断层间叠接带的构造型式。花状构造是斜滑断层的一种重要表现型式，并讨论了其三维特征。     

断层描述定量化方法研究

作者在本文中提供了一种用扫描图像来进行断层地定量化描述方法，通过坐标转换，可以准确，快速地完成地断层定量化描述，为计算机自动绘图，跨断层进行储层预测提供了有关断层的定量化信息，该方法具有方便，灵活的特点，具有广泛的适用性。     

迪费德地区东南部小型正断层的位移分布及其成因

本文研究了在迪费德地区东南沿海出露的上古生界中的小型正断层的几种位移分布模式，简要对比并探讨了断层的生长机制，以及几种可以影响断层位移分布特征的因素；指出断层生长过程中的衔接、不规则的断层位移等值线的存在、研究剖面的方位以及岩性的变化是导致断层位移分布特征多样化和复杂化的主要因素。     

煤层断裂模式及形成机制的研究

本文以山西省汾西矿区崔家淘井田断层构造的展布规律、断层面构造岩特征民层滑动擦痕为依据，分析断层发育的力学机制衣成生欠，应用赤平投影图矿区两条主干断层，得出 区三向主支应力轴方向的认识，提出一种在华北地区有代表性煤矿区展布模式芝对断层的识别和预测具有指导意义。     

皖南控煤推覆构造类型初析

皖南地区，推覆构造十分发育，其类型可分４种，即台阶状道冲断层及断层转折褶皱；叠瓦状逆冲断层；堆叠式逆冲推覆构造；翻卷褶皱。认识这些类型，对了解区域构造和寻找煤炭资源都有很重要的意义。     

柴达木盆地北缘新生代构造变形的物理模拟

文中设计了3种类型的基底收缩挤压砂箱实验模型和一种基底无收缩挤压砂箱实验模型，用于研究柴达木盆地北缘新生代构造的变形机制。实验结果表明，基底收缩挤压模型以反冲断层发育为特色。在双侧对称对冲挤压模型中，正冲和反冲断层的发育程度基本处于均衡状态；在双侧不对称对冲挤压模型中，反冲断层更加发育，尤其在挤压速度较快一侧更加显著；单侧挤压模型中，以反冲断层发育、正冲断层很少为特征。由此表明，基底收缩作用和挤压作用的不对称性促使反冲断层的发育。根据实验结果与实际剖面的对比，笔者认为，基底收缩和不对称挤压是导致该区特殊剖面结构的可能原因，该区新生代构造变形是在基底收缩作用参与下、以祁连山为主的侧向不对称挤压作用的结果。     

物探方法在探测隐伏断层中的应用

在地震安全性评价和工程场地勘探中，探明活动断层是一项必做的工作；而探明活动断层的方法选择要因地制宜，经济科学。笔者运用电剖面法、地震反射法、地质雷达法以及断层气测量方法，对珲春地震小区内含煤盆地中的发震断裂构造进行了研究，断层气测量法是一种探测(除水域、稻田以外的地区)隐伏断层的简捷、快速、可靠、经济的方法。     

赣杭构造带与中国东部红盆几种典型断裂构造成因

本文探讨了红盆几种常见断裂构造：“犁式正断层”、逆断层和平移断裂。提出：“犁式正断层”系由两部分组成，地表为断裂面，稍深为侵蚀盆地的一翼。因此，其主体实为一侵蚀面。逆断层的形成与垂直向上的动能有关，早期以上缓下陡“马刀式”逆冲断层为主，当前所见陡角逆断层，多为其根部。逆断层和正断层在红盆振荡演化过程常可相互转换。平移断裂则形成于一对垂直力偶，其空间仅局限在盆内，不涉及盆外。     

宝积山煤矿F6断层导水性能的初步研究

宝积山煤矿井下巷道在揭露Ｆ＿６号断层时出现了大量涌水、淹巷及无水两种现象，因此对该断层形成了导水、隔水两种不同的认识。经综合分析后认为；在Ｆ＿６号断层面处，若两盘均为软岩层接触或软岩层与硬岩层接触，该断层表现为隔水；若两盘均为硬岩层接触，则表现为导水。上述结论通过材料井淋水量的大小变化与主井积水深度的变化得到了验证。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861