青藏高原西缘壳幔电性结构与断裂构造: 札达-泉水湖剖面大地电磁探测提供的依据

青藏高原西缘札达至泉水湖剖面大地电磁探测结果表明, 研究区被雅江缝合带、班公-怒江缝合带划分为3个构造区域, 由南至北分别为喜玛拉雅地体、冈底斯地体和羌塘地体.研究区内普遍存在中下地壳高导层, 高导层的顶面埋深起伏较大, 冈底斯内的高导层埋深大, 羌塘和喜玛拉雅地体内的高导层埋深较浅.在班公-怒江缝合带南侧高导层埋深最大, 班公-怒江缝合带南北两侧高导层埋深存在一个约20km的错动.冈底斯地体内的地壳高导层呈北倾形态, 南羌塘的地壳具有双高导层.沿剖面的上地壳存在多组规模不等、产状不同的电性梯度带或畸变带, 反映了沿剖面地区的缝合带与断裂带分布情况.根据电性结构特征, 推断了雅江缝合带、班公-怒江缝合带以及龙木措、噶尔藏布等主要断裂的构造特征与空间分布.      

青藏高原东南部地壳导电性结构与断裂构造特征——下察隅-昌都剖面大地电磁探测结果

根据2004年在青藏高原东南部完成的下察隅—昌都(1000线)宽频带大地电磁探测剖面数据研究高原东南部地壳导电性结构及断裂构造特征,这有助于推进印度与亚洲岩石圈碰撞、俯冲构造模式的研究。研究结果表明,沿剖面上地壳大范围分布的是规模不等的高阻体,电阻率大约在90～3000Ω.m,厚度由南向北增加,底界面的深度大约在5～30km变化。高阻层之下发现由不连续高导体构成的中地壳低阻层,其电阻率小于10Ω.m;其结构与青藏高原中、西部的壳幔高导体相似,但规模小得多,底面埋深也浅得多。沿剖面的上地壳存在多组规模不等、产状不同的横向电性梯度带或畸变带,它们反映了沿剖面地区地壳的断裂分布。通过与该区高精度重力资料对比,在重要的电性梯度带上,均存在布格重力低异常和负重力均衡异常。结合区域地质资料分析推断了嘉黎—然乌、班公—怒江和甲桑卡—赤布张错等主要断裂构造带的空间格局。     

东昆仑大地震的深部构造背景

本文以深地震测深剖面资料揭示的地壳结构形态为切入点,探讨东昆仑8.1级大地震的深部构造背景.沱沱河-小柴旦长500 km的剖面范围内发现两处大的莫霍面错断,分别位于东昆仑-柴达木结合带之下和金沙江断裂之下.青藏高原北部的地壳厚度61~75 km:莫霍面具有一致南倾,逐步加深的产状及弱反射性特征;下地壳明显增厚,但速度未见明显降低;上地壳发育逆冲、走滑断裂;地壳中部存在低速层.北邻的柴达木盆地地壳相对刚性,厚52±2 km.东昆仑及邻区的壳幔结构有利于强地震孕育.在印度板块向北推挤和柴达木地块的向南插入的区域挤压应力场中,青藏高原北部较弱的下地壳缩短增厚,变形过程中的蠕滑引起地壳浅部的应力放大.但NE向主压应力的作用不是大地震形成的唯一要素,与青藏高原北部各地体侧向运动有关.侧向运动速率和幅度的差异使应力在各地体的边界断裂积累并使其复活.而低速层对形成孕育大地震需要的"立交桥式"的局部应力环境是必不可少的条件.     

Crustal structure of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin

The 1000-km-long Darlag–Lanzhou–Jingbian seismic refraction profile is located in the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau. This profile crosses the northern Songpan-Ganzi terrane, the Qinling-Qilian fold system, the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, and the stable Ordos basin. The P-wave and S-wave velocity structure and Poisson's ratios reveal many significant characteristics in the profile. The crustal thickness increases from northeast to southwest. The average crustal thickness observed increases from 42 km in the Ordos basin to 63 km in the Songpan-Ganzi terrane. The crust becomes obviously thicker south of the Haiyuan fault and beneath the West-Qinlin Shan. The crustal velocities have significant variations along the profile. The average P-wave velocities for the crystalline crust vary between 6.3 and 6.4 km/s. Beneath the Songpan-Ganzi terrane, West-Qinling Shan, and Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region P-wave velocities of 6.3 km/s are 0.15 km/s lower than the worldwide average of 6.45 km/s. North of the Kunlun fault, with exclusion of the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, the average P-wave velocity is 6.4 km/s and only 0.5 km/s lower than the worldwide average. A combination of the P-wave velocity and Poisson's ratio suggests that the crust is dominantly felsic in composition with an intermediate composition at the base. A mafic lower crust is absent in the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin. There are low velocity zones in the West-Qinling Shan and the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region. The low velocity zones have low S-wave velocities and high Poisson's ratios, so it is possible these zones are due to partial melting. The crust is divided into two layers, the upper and the lower crust, with crustal thickening mainly in the lower crust as the NE Tibetan plateau is approached. The results in the study show that the thickness of the lower crust increases from 22 to 38 km as the crustal thickness increases from 42 km in the Ordos basin to 63 km in the Songpan-Ganzi terrane south of the Kunlun fault. Both the Conrad discontinuity and Moho in the West-Qinling Shan and in the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region are laminated interfaces, implying intense tectonic activity. The arcuate faults and large earthquakes in the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region are the result of interaction between the Tibetan plateau and the Sino–Korean and Gobi Ala Shan platforms.     

CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION AND GEODYNAMICS OF KEKEXILI BASIN IN NORTHERN QINGHAI—XIZANG PLATEAU

CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION AND GEODYNAMICS OF KEKEXILI BASIN IN NORTHERN QINGHAI—XIZANG PLATEAU     

Electrical Structure and Fault Features of Crust and Upper Mantle beneath the Western Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau： Evidence from the Magnetotelluric Survey along Zhada-Quanshui Lake Profile

The magnetotelluric (MT) survey along the Zhada (札达)-Quanshui (泉水) Lake profile on the western margin of the Qinghai (青海)-Tibet plateau shows that the study area is divided into three tectonic provinces by the Yalung Tsangpo and Bangong (班公)-Nujiang (怒江) sutures. From south to north these are the Himalayan terrane, Gangdise terrane, and Qiangtang (羌塘) terrane. For the study area, there are widespread high-conductivity layers in the mid and lower crust, the top layers of which fluctuate intensively. The high-conductivity layer within the Gangdise terrane is deeper than those within the Qiangtang terrane and the Himalaya terrane, and the deepest high-conductivity layer is to the south of the Bangong-Nujiang suture. The top surface of the high-conductivity layer in the south of the Bangong-Nujiang suture is about 20 km lower than that in the north of it. The high-conductivity layer within the Gangdise terrane dips toward north and there are two high-conductivity layers within the crust of the southern Qiangtang terrane. In the upper crust along the profile, there are groups of lateral electrical gradient zones or distortion zones of different scales and occurrence indicating the distribution of faults and sutures along the profile. According to the electrical structure, the structural characteristics and space distribution of the Yalung Tsangpo suture,Bangong-Nujiang suture, and the major faults of Longmucuo (龙木错) and Geerzangbu are inferred.     

大型走滑断裂对青藏高原地体构架的改造

青藏高原的大型走滑断裂有13条,已确定的大型韧性走滑断裂主要形成于3个时期:早古生代、印支期和新生代以来.印度/亚洲碰撞(60～50Ma)以来形成的大型韧性走滑构造位于青藏高原的南部,而且主要在喜马拉雅山链的东、西两侧,如西侧的喀喇昆仑和恰曼韧性右行走滑断裂,东侧的鲜水河-小江和哀牢山-红河韧性左行走滑断裂、崇山-澜沧江、嘉黎-高黎贡山和萨盖韧性右行走滑断裂等.主要的变形特征表现为早期具有地壳深部的韧性走滑剪切带性质,在后期抬升过程中,由韧性→韧脆性→脆性应变转化;而在青藏高原北部,表现为古韧性走滑剪切带的再活动,如阿尔金-康西瓦、东昆仑左行走滑断裂,以及新生的脆性断裂,如海源左行走滑断裂等.本文在青藏高原13条大型走滑断裂研究及综合研究的基础上,阐述不同时期的大型走滑断裂,以及它们在青藏高原地体拼合及碰撞造山中的作用,包括走滑断裂与走滑型褶皱造山、走滑断裂与挤压/转换型造山、走滑断裂与挤压盆-山体系、走滑断裂与地体相对位移和走滑断裂与地体的侧向挤出,以及走滑断裂与构造结的形成.     

Distribution, migration and derivation of Mesozoic-Cenozoic regional fault systems in the central continental margin of eastern China

Deep-large faults in the central continental margin of eastern China are well developed. Based on the regularity of spatial and temporal distribution of the faults, four fault systems were divided: the Yanshan orogenic belt fault system, the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt fault system, the Tanlu fault system and the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system. The four fault systems exhibit different migration behaviors. The Yanshan orogenic belt fault system deflected from an EW to a NE direction, then to a NNE direction during the Indo-Chinese epoch-Yanshanian epoch. The thrust-nappe strength of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt fault system showed the tendency that the strength was greater in the south and east, but weaker in the north and west. This fault system faulted in the east and folded in the west from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the early Yanshanian epoch. At the same time, the faults also had a diachronous migration from east to west from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the early Yanshanian epoch. On the contrary, the thrust-nappe strength was greater in the north and west, weaker in the south and east during the late Yanshanian epoch-early Himalayan epoch. The Tanlu fault system caused the basin to migrate from west to east and south to north. The migration regularity of the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system shows that the formation age became younger in the west. The four fault systems and their migration regularities were respectively the results of four different geodynamic backgrounds. The Yanshan orogenic belt fault system derived from the intracontinental orogeny. The Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt fault system derived from the collision of plates and intracontinental subduction. The Tanlu fault system derived from the strike-slip movement and the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system derived from plate subduction and retreat of the subduction belt. Translated from Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2005, 35(5): 554–563 [译自: 吉林大学学报 (地球科学版)]     

青藏高原东北缘岩石圈缩短变形——深地震反射剖面再处理提供的证据

青藏高原是由印度板块和亚洲板块于50～60 Ma碰撞而形成的全球最高最大的高原,已成为多数国内外学者的共识.然而,关于它的岩石圈变形机制却是长期争论的问题.深地震反射剖面是精细揭示岩石圈结构、分辨变形样式的有效技术.重新处理的松潘地块一西秦岭造山带深地震反射剖面揭示出岩石圈变形的细节,以地壳上部的双重逆冲构造、地壳中部...     

Petrochemistry of peridotites from North China: Significance for lithospheric mantle evolution

A petrochemical analysis was undertaken of peridotitic xenoliths in volcanic rocks that erupted from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic within the eastern part of the North China craton, and the peridotites as tectonic intrusion in the Early Mesozoic from the Sulu orogen. The results show that the cratonic mantle, which was refractory and existed when the kimberlites intruded in the Paleozoic, had almost been replaced by the newly accreted fertile lithospheric mantle during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic. The erosion, metasomatism, and intermingling caused by the accreted asthenospheric material acting on the craton mantle along the weak zone and deep fault (such as the Tanlu fault) in the existing lithosphere resulted in the lithospheric thinning at a larger scale 100 Ma ago (but later than 178 Ma). The largest thinning would be in the Eogene. The upwelling asthenospheric material transformed into accreted lithospheric mantle due to the asthenospheric temperature falling in the Neogene (leading to relatively slight lithospheric incrassation), and finally accomplished mantle replacement. The peridotitic body in the Sulu orogen represents the products spreading from the modified cratonic lithospheric mantle. Translated from Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2006, 31(1): 49–56 [译自: 地球科学—中国地质大学学报]     

东昆仑西大滩盆地晚新生代构造地貌简析

东昆仑山脉的南缘,发育一条巨型的以左行走滑为主的活动断裂带,其中西大滩左行走滑断裂是东昆仑断裂带的一部分,控制着西大滩盆地的构造地貌演化。本研究在野外调查了西大滩盆地内部和盆地边缘的活动断裂,测量了这些断层的几何学参数,并对其运动学进行了研究。研究认为,晚新生代以来西大滩盆地中心发育有西大滩左行走滑断裂,而在盆地南北两侧则发育有伸展变形,存在一系列活动的高角度脆性正断层,可见清晰的断层三角面构成盆地南北两侧的山坡。这些正断层呈阶梯状产出,向盆地内部倾斜,与盆地中心的左行走滑断裂一起,在剖面上构成负花状构造,证明西大滩盆地发生了张扭性变形。走滑断裂的走滑运动往往伴随构造转换现象,在断裂弯曲或侧接部位可以形成走滑拉分盆地。西大滩盆地从其盆地形态来看,是一个狭长的张扭性盆地,盆地长宽比值约为7.5~30.0之间,大于7︰ 1,不符合典型的走滑拉分盆地的特征;控制西大滩盆地的西大滩走滑断裂并未见明显的弯曲,从而排除盆地的走滑拉分成因。本文认为西大滩盆地的形成与西大滩断裂本身的张扭性变形直接相关,反映了该地区区域上处于张扭性而非压扭性应变状态,其成因与上地壳刚性变形和下地壳塑性流变密切相关;西大滩地区构造地貌的演化受控于晚新生代以来青藏高原下地壳通道流(channel flow)的活动。结合前人的研究成果认为东昆仑活动断裂带晚期的张扭性活动可能起始于至少7Ma B.P.以前或10±2Ma B.P.,且在昆仑山垭口盆地断陷形成时期(3.6Ma B.P.)活动更加强烈,在0.6Ma B.P.的"昆仑-黄河运动"时期可能达到顶峰,奠定了东昆仑西大滩地区现今的构造地貌格局。     

深地震反射剖面揭露青藏高原陆-陆碰撞与地壳生长的深部过程

印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚和生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞,碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是全球关切的科学奥秘。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。20多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho清晰结构的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果基础上,从青藏高原南北-东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞-俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂而不是龙门山断裂是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho 薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,印度地壳不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带存在由西向东的俯冲角度变化,而且其向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程发生物质的回返与构造叠置,使印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射,以及近于平的Moho都反映出亚洲板块南缘的伸展构造环境。     

印度—亚洲俯冲带结构——岩浆作用证据

在印度与亚洲大陆碰撞之后 ,两个大陆之间是否存在大陆俯冲是关系到高原地壳加厚、隆升等构造演化模式的重要问题。近 2 0年来以各种地球物理方法为主的深部探测结果揭示了青藏高原的岩石圈结构 ,表明印度向亚洲下部的俯冲是存在的 ,但是其俯冲的规模仍存在争议。不同观点认为印度岩石圈前缘已经到达班公—怒江缝合带的下部约 2 0 0km深度、俯冲在整个西藏岩石圈深部、或者仅仅越过雅鲁藏布江断裂。地热泉He同位素、碰撞后岩浆作用的年代学、岩石学与地球化学研究结果表明冈底斯带与高原北部地区具有相同的岩石圈地幔源区 ,并且存在印度板块在 13～ 2 5Ma之前就俯冲在冈底斯带西部的岩石学和地球化学证据 ,考虑到印度板块的持续向北运动 ,则岩浆作用支持印度岩石圈现今已经达到或者越过班公—怒江缝合带的俯冲模式。     

大陆构造变形与地震活动——以青藏高原为例

大陆内部构造变形和地震活动往往突显出复杂的、区域性的特征,很难用板块构造理论来解释。青藏高原是大陆构造变形的典型实例,具有不同构造变形的分区特征,不仅表现在物质组成、地形地貌和断裂组合等方面的不同,而且还表现出不同的地震活动特征。东昆仑断裂带以北的青藏高原北部地块,主要发育一系列挤压环境下的盆岭构造,表现为以连续变形为特征的上地壳挤压缩短变形;高原中北部巴颜喀拉地块,具有整体向东运动的特点,变形主要集中在其边缘,表现为刚性块体运动特征。在东部,由于稳定的四川盆地(扬子地块)的阻挡,位于龙日坝和龙门山断裂带之间相对坚硬的龙门山地区受到东西向强烈挤压,西部边界为伸展变形;在高原中央腹地羌塘地块西部,由于上地壳物质在向东挤出的驱动下不断变形,沿一系列小型正断层和走滑断层以伸展变形为主,表现为弥散型变形特征。相比之下,羌塘地块的东部向东-南东方向挤出,在大型走滑断层之间形成一个刚性块体;高原南部地块以东西向伸展的南北向裂谷系为主要变形特征,高原南缘以南北向挤压的大型逆冲断裂系为特征。历史地震和仪器记录的大地震(M≥8)只发生在高原东北和东南部的大型走滑带,以及东部和南部边缘的大型逆冲断裂上,沿...     

深地震反射剖面揭露青藏高原陆-陆碰撞与地壳生长的深部过程

印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚并生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞以及碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是对全球关切的科学奥秘的探索。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。二十多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho面信息的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆-陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果的基础上,从青藏高原南北-东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞-俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂(而不是龙门山断裂)是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho面厚度薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带走向印度地壳俯冲行为存在东西变化,而且印度地壳向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,研究显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程中发生物质的回返与构造叠置,这导致印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射以及近于平的Moho面都反映出亚洲板块南缘处于伸展构造环境。     

Active Faulting Pattern,Present‐day Tectonic Stress Field and Block Kinematics in the East Tibetan Plateau

Abstract: This paper examines major active faults and the present-day tectonic stress field in the East Tibetan Plateau by integrating available data from published literature and proposes a block kinematics model of the region. It shows that the East Tibetan Plateau is dominated by strike-slip and reverse faulting stress regimes and that the maximum horizontal stress is roughly consistent with the contemporary velocity field, except for the west Qinling range where it parallels the striking of the major strike-slip faults. Active tectonics in the East Tibetan Plateau is characterized by three faulting systems. The left-slip Kunlun-Qinling faulting system combines the east Kunlun fault zone, sinistral oblique reverse faults along the Minshan range and two major NEE-striking faults cutting the west Qinling range, which accommodates eastward motion, at 10–14 mm/a, of the Chuan-Qing block. The left-slip Xianshuihe faulting system accommodated clockwise rotation of the Chuan-Dian block. The Longmenshan thrust faulting system forms the eastern margin of the East Tibetan Plateau and has been propagated to the SW of the Sichuan basin. Crustal shortening across the Longmenshan range seems low (2–4 mm/a) and absorbed only a small part of the eastward motion of the Chuan-Qing block. Most of this eastward motion has been transmitted to South China, which is moving SEE-ward at 7–9 mm/a. It is suggested from geophysical data interpretation that the crust and lithosphere of the East Tibetan Plateau is considerably thickened and rheologically layered. The upper crust seems to be decoupled from the lower crust through a décollement zone at a depth of 15–20 km, which involved the Longmenshan fault belt and propagated eastward to the SW of the Sichuan basin. The Wenchuan earthquake was just formed at the bifurcated point of this décollement system. A rheological boundary should exist beneath the Longmenshan fault belt where the lower crust of the East Tibetan Plateau and the lithospheric mantle of the Yangze block are juxtaposed.     

Geobiological interpretation of the oxygen-deficient deposits of the Middle Permian marine source rocks in South China:A working hypothesis

To decipher the origin of oxygen-deficient shelfal deposits is significant for tracing the distribution of marine source rocks and interpreting the evolution of depositional environment. The origin of the Middle Permian Chihsia Formation in South China remains a puzzle for long with its evident oxygen-deficient features but diverse benthos. This paper shows a typical Chihsian depositional rhythm composed of the massive and the laminated limestones with ecological and geochemical features. Massive bioclastic limestone from the rhythm was aerobic in paleoxygenation condition indicated by both the ecological and geochemical features. However, a contradictory oxygenation was inferred for the “laminated” counterpart from the rhythm, with the ecological signal being aerobic and the geochemical one being anoxic. The difference in ecological and geochemical indications was interpreted as the instability of paleoxygenation condition in shelf environments, caused by an enhanced paleoproductivity. Rhythmic occurrence of the oxygen-deficient condition might have been stemmed from paleo-Tethyan paleocurrents flowing across South China. __________ Translated from Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2007, 32(6): 789–796 [译自: 地球科学—中国地质大学学报]     

东昆仑山昆仑河纵剖面形貌分析及构造涵义

青藏高原东昆仑北部地区新构造活动强烈, 存在一系列活动断层, 控制了该地区的地貌格局和水系的发育.其中大部分活动断层是已经确定下来的, 还有一些活动断层还处在定性推测阶段.引进河流长度-坡度参数(以下简称“SL参数”) 和Hack剖面2个能够有效反映区域新构造活动的地质参数, 对昆仑河纵剖面坡度变化进行详细刻画和研究, 并对昆仑河河流阶地进行空间对比分析.研究结果表明, 昆仑河河流的Hack剖面与SL参数存在形貌上的对应关系, SL参数的突变主要是受断裂构造活动控制; 证实了昆仑河-野牛沟断裂和东昆中断裂第四纪以来存在构造活动性; 第四纪以来强烈的构造差异隆升作用控制了东昆仑地区的地貌水系发育格局, 并将产生更深远的影响.      

A DEEP SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILE ACROSS ALTUN FAULT BELT

A DEEP SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILE ACROSS ALTUN FAULT BELTtheNationalkeyfoundationresearchanddevelopmentplanfund(G19980 40 80 0 )     

Distributed deformation around the eastern tip of the Kunlun fault

Whether active strain within the Indo-Asian collision zone is primarily localized along major strike-slip fault systems or is distributed throughout the intervening crust between faults remains uncertain. Despite refined estimates of slip rates along many of the major fault zones, relatively little is known about how displacement along these structures is accommodated at fault terminations. Here, we show that a systematic decrease in left-lateral slip rates along the eastern ~200 km of the Kunlun fault, from >10 mm/year to <1 mm/year, is coincident with high topography in the Anyemaqen Shan and with a broad zone of distributed shear and clockwise vorticity within the Tibetan Plateau. Geomorphic analysis of river longitudinal profiles, coupled with inventories of cosmogenic radionuclides in fluvial sediment, reveal correlated variations in fluvial relief and erosion rate across the Anyemaqen Shan that reflect ongoing differential rock uplift across the range. Our results imply that the termination of the Kunlun fault system is accommodated by a combination of distributed crustal thickening and by clockwise rotation of the eastern fault segments.