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以反应谱和功率谱密度函数表征的强震运动的统计特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文中利用我国海城和唐山地震190条强震记录和美国西部138条强震记录研究了以反应谱和功率谱密度函数表征的强震运动的统计特性。反应谱用最大地面加速度归一化,即表为谱放大系数,功率谱密度函数用金井清谱描述。文中研究了参数的统计值和依赖性,以及谱放大系数和金井清谱参数与场地条件、震源和震中距等之间的相关性,分析比较了中美两国强震运动谱的统计特性,并对我国地震工程应用的强震运动谱的统计参数值的选取提出了建议。 相似文献
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选取山西省北武当地震观测站洞体形变测项正常时段及干扰时段的观测数据,计算功率谱密度(PSD),分析洞体形变数据的正常背景特征和不同干扰下对应PSD值的变化特点。结果表明:(1)无干扰:正常背景下,观测数据每日PSD值变化不大,可反映最大频率为8.3×10-3Hz的PSD分布;(2)曲线加粗:在10-3Hz以上频段,干扰日PSD值增大,表现为高频干扰;(3)台阶、突跳和畸变:PSD值全频段明显增大;(4)趋势改变:PSD值变化不大;(5)地震波:随着同震效应增大,PSD值频段范围和变化幅度增大。 相似文献
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对应地震反应谱的当量功率谱密度函数的数值算法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
提出根据地震反应谱曲线求解当量功率谱密度函数曲线的一种数值算法,为结构随机地震反应分析中确定和计算地面运动功率谱密度提供依据。在相对位移谱与结构相对位移响应峰值的均值之间建立联系;在现有迭代方法的基础上,对算法公式作进一步的推导和整理,将迭代计算转变为线性方程组的求解计算,进而避免迭代方法的不收敛。通过对数值计算结果的分析发现,由于规范反应谱曲线存在斜率突变,采用本文算法计算出的功率谱密度曲线在规范反应谱曲线的两端和分段转折点处会出现倍周期分岔甚至混沌现象。为此建议适当增加低频范围内离散频率点的数目,且采取整体光滑的反应谱曲线,从而提高计算结果的稳定性。 相似文献
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选取内蒙古地区地倾斜观测资料的正常背景和受大风、降雨、气压干扰及地震波影响的典型数据,采用功率谱密度(PSD)分析方法,对其正常背景和4种主要干扰信号的功率谱密度特征进行分析。结果表明,在正常背景下,每日PSD结果基本一致,秒采样较分采样数据可多获得8.3 mHz~0.5 Hz频段的高频信息;大风干扰对大于10-3 Hz频段产生影响,并对秒采样数据会造成第二类地脉动噪声信号能量显著增加;降雨干扰主要影响低于10-4 Hz频段,对秒采样数据的0.01~0.10 Hz频段还会产生一定影响;气压干扰影响的是10-4~10-3 Hz和0.01~0.10 Hz频段,对秒采样数据可能会引起第二类地脉动噪声信号能量的明显增加;地震波影响的频段范围、噪声变幅与观测仪器记录到的地震波最大振幅、持续时间呈正比。这4种干扰信号均表现为影响频段内背景噪声明显高于平静日。 相似文献
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针对大小震拐角频率的差异,假设大震断层上每个子源的拐角频率与已破裂的子源个数平方根成反比,基于ω2震源谱模型,通过理论推导构建了一个函数,将动力学拐角频率引入经验格林函数法。以汶川地震余震记录为格林函数,分别用改进前和引入动力学拐角频率后的经验格林函数法合成5·12汶川大地震强地面运动。对比合成结果与观测记录,结果表明改进前经验格林函数法合成的地震动在低频部分相对实际记录偏低;引入动力学拐角频率之后的经验格林函数法合成的结果在高频基本保持不变,低频部分得到提高,并与实际记录符合。引入动力学拐角频率后,大部分合成结果很好地符合实际记录。说明动力学拐角频率可有效改善经验格林函数法的低频合成结果,同时验证了经验格林函数法对MW7.9特大地震地震动合成的有效性。 相似文献
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Frequency dependent polarization analysis of ambient seismic noise recorded at a broadband seismometer in the central United States 下载免费PDF全文
We present a new approach to polarization analysis of seismic noise recorded by three-component seismometers.It is based on statistical analysis of frequency-dependent particle motion properties determined from a large number of time windows via eigenanalysis of the 3-by-3,Hermitian,spectral covariance matrix.We applied the algorithm to continuous data recorded in 2009 by the seismic station SLM,located in central North America.A rich variety of noise sources was observed.At low frequencies (0.05 Hz) we observed a tilt-related signal that showed some elliptical motion in the horizontal plane.In the microseism band of 0.05-0.25 Hz,we observed Rayleigh energy arriving from the northeast,but with three distinct peaks instead of the classic single and double frequency peaks.At intermediate frequencies of 0.5-2.0 Hz,the noise was dominated by non-fundamental-mode Rayleigh energy,most likely P and Lg waves.At the highest frequencies (3 Hz),Rayleigh-type energy was again dominant in the form of Rg waves created by nearby cultural activities.Analysis of the time dependence of noise power shows that a frequency range of at least 0.02-1.0 Hz (much larger than the microseism band) is sensitive to annual,meteorologically induced sources of noise. 相似文献
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To improve the data quality of converted waves, and better identify and suppress the strong ground-roll interference in three-component (3C) seismic recordings on land, we present an adaptive polarization filtering method, which can effectively separate the groundroll interference by combining complex polarization and instantaneous polarization analysis. The ground roll noise is characterized by elliptical plane polarization, strong energy, low apparent velocity, and low frequency. After low-pass filtering of the 3C data input within a given time-window of the ground roll, the complex covariance matrix is decomposed using the sliding time window with overlapping data and length that depends on the dominant ground-roll frequency. The ground-roll model is established using the main eigenvectors, and the ground roll is detected and identified using the instantaneous polarization area attributes and average energy constraints of the ground-roll zone. Finally, the ground roll is subtracted. The threshold of the method is stable and easy to select, and offers good groundroll detection. The method is a robust polarization filtering method. Model calculations and actual data indicate that the method can effectively identify and attenuate ground roll while preserving the effective signals. 相似文献
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Defining equivalent stationary PSDF to account for nonstationarity of earthquake ground motion 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper presents three approaches to defining the stationary power spectrum density function (PSDF) of strong ground acceleration, for prediction of structural response corresponding to the strong-motion stationary part of the input excitation. The first approach defines the PSDF in terms of the Fourier amplitude spectrum and a stationary duration of ground acceleration. The PSDF obtained by this approach predicts accurately the response of structures with low to intermediate natural periods. In the second approach, we introduce the concept of stationary duration of response, which is defined as a function of the natural period and damping ratio of the oscillator. Using this approach, it is possible to get accurate estimates of response amplitudes for the broad range of natural periods. However, it is not convenient in practical applications to deal with several stationary durations for a given input excitation. Further, to evaluate these durations it is necessary to specify both the Fourier and the response spectra of ground accelerations; whereas the common engineering practice is to specify the response spectrum only. Therefore, the third approach suggests the use of the response ‘spectrum compatible’ PSDF. The paper presents several improvements in the general methodology used for this purpose. The improvements mainly relate to using more accurate peak factors and to using the transient nature of response. The spectrum compatible PSDFs, as evaluated in the present study, provide realistic specification of strong ground motion for stochastic seismic response analyses of structures. 相似文献
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考虑到传统Hilbert变换所隐含的无限长序列假设的实际局限性, 本文将多窗分析法引入到短时序列Hilbert变换中, 通过构建复协方差矩阵和对该矩阵的特征值与特征向量的求解, 获得三分量地震记录的时变偏振参数;基于不同波型的偏振特性与实测偏振参数, 采用线性_余弦权重函数或高斯权重函数自适应空间滤波, 识别与分离具有特定偏振特性的不同地震响应. 针对天然地震三分量记录的处理结果表明, 该方法在识别、分离具有特定偏振特性的不同地震响应方面具有一定的潜力. 相似文献
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联合小波变换与偏振分析自动拾取微地震P波到时 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对微地震P波到时的自动拾取是微地震信号分析和数据处理的主要目标之一。基于小波变换的多尺度分析思想,对微地震信号进行小波处理后的小波系数代替原始信号,应用包含在小波变换系数中的信号偏振信息,提出了联合小波变换与偏振分析自动拾取微地震信号P波到时的方法。通过对嘉阳煤矿监测的实际微地震数据进行小波变换,用多尺度小波分解的各个尺度单支重构信号构成协方差矩阵,求解不同尺度协方差矩阵的最大特征值和次大特征值求取P波到时定位函数,实现P波到时的自动拾取,取得了满意的结果. 相似文献