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1.
The electrical conductivity of San Carlos olivine has been measured at 1100 °C under reducing conditions at controlled oxygen
fugacity, inside and outside the olivine stability field, in order to study the kinetics of olivine destabilization. Electrical
conductivity increases along the direction [010] and decreases along [001]. as oxygen fugacity decreases. To understand these
dependences, electrical conductivity transitory regimes were studied. In response to decreases in oxygen fugacity, two transient
regimes with different time scales have been observed. A fast (≈1–2 min) increase of electrical conductivity is first observed,
followed by a slower decrease (1–10 h, depending on the crystal orientation). After a few hours of annealing, precipitation
of metallic iron and nickel and formation of amorphous silica can be observed at the crystal surface. The fast conductivity
increase in the first transient regime is ascribed to an increase in the population of electrons at the olivine surface. Two
effects: (1) equilibration of surface defects with the bulk of the crystal, and (2) iron loss from the olivine due to metal
precipitation, could explain the subsequent decrease of electrical conductivity. Anisotropic diffusion of surface defects
to the bulk of the crystal, by a process faster than atomic diffusion is the most likely.
Received: 3 September 1997 / Revised, accepted: 16 April 1998 相似文献
2.
Monika Koch-Müller Stanislav S. Matsyuk Dieter Rhede Richard Wirth Natasha Khisina 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,33(4):276-287
The incorporation of hydrogen in mantle olivine xenocrysts from the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). IR spectra were collected in the OH stretching region on oriented single crystals using a conventional IR source at ambient conditions and in situ at temperatures down to −180°C as well as with IR synchrotron radiation. The IR spectra of the samples are complex containing more than 20 strongly polarized OH bands in the range 3,730–3,330 cm−1. Bands at high energies (3,730–3,670 cm−1) were assigned to inclusions of serpentine, talc and the 10 Å phase. All other bands are believed to be intrinsic to olivine. The corresponding point defects are (a) associated with vacant Si sites (3,607 cm−1 E || a, 3,597 E || a, 3,571 cm−1 E || c, 3,567 E || c, and 3,556 E || b), and (b) with vacant M1 sites (most of the bands polarized parallel to a). From the pleochroic behavior and position of the OH bands associated with the vacant M1 sites, we propose two types of hydrogen—one bonded to O1 and another to O2, so that both OH vectors are strongly aligned parallel to a. The O2–H groups may be responsible for the OH bands at higher wavenumbers than those for the O1–H groups. The multiplicity of the corresponding OH bands in the spectra can be explained by different chemical environments and by slightly different distortions of the M1 sites in these high-pressure olivines. Four samples were investigated by SIMS. The calculated integral molar absorption coefficient using the IR and SIMS results of 37,500±5,000 L mol H2O cm−2 is within the uncertainties slightly higher than the value determined by Bell et al. (J Geophys Res 108(B2):2105–2113, 2003) (28,450±1,830 L mol H2O cm−2). The reason for the difference is the different distributions of the absorption intensity of the spectra of both studies (mean wavenumber 3,548 vs. 3,570 cm−1). Olivine samples with a mean wavenumber of about 3,548 cm−1 should be quantified with the absorption coefficient as determined in this study; those containing more bands at higher wavenumber (mean wavenumber 3,570 cm−1) should be quantified using the value determined by Bell et al. (J Geophys Res 108(B2):2105–2113, 2003).
相似文献
Monika Koch-MüllerEmail: Phone: +49-331-2881492 |
3.
The legacy of crystal-plastic deformation in olivine: high-diffusivity pathways during serpentinization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Oliver Plümper Helen E. King Christian Vollmer Quentin Ramasse Haemyeong Jung Håkon Austrheim 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2012,163(4):701-724
Crystal-plastic olivine deformation to produce subgrain boundaries composed of edge dislocations is an inevitable consequence
of asthenospheric mantle flow. Although crystal-plastic deformation and serpentinization are spatio-temporally decoupled,
we identified compositional readjustments expressed on the micrometric level as a striped Fe-enriched (
[`(X)]\textFe \bar{X}_{\text{Fe}} = 0.24 ± 0.02 (zones); 0.12 ± 0.02 (bulk)) or Fe-depleted (
[`(X)]\textFe \bar{X}_{\text{Fe}} = 0.10 ± 0.01 (zones); 0.13 ± 0.01 (bulk)) zoning in partly serpentinized olivine grains from two upper mantle sections in
Norway. Focused ion beam sample preparation combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and aberration-corrected
scanning TEM, enabling atomic-level resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopic line profiling, reveals that every zone is
immediately associated with a subgrain boundary. We infer that the zonings are a result of the environmental Fe2+Mg−1 exchange potential during antigorite serpentinization of olivine and the drive toward element exchange equilibrium. This
is facilitated by enhanced solid-state diffusion along subgrain boundaries in a system, which otherwise re-equilibrates via
dissolution-reprecipitation. Fe enrichment or depletion is controlled by the silica activity imposed on the system by the
local olivine/orthopyroxene mass ratio, temperature and the effect of magnetite stability. The Fe-Mg exchange coefficients
K\textD\textAtg/\textOl K_{\text{D}}^{{{\text{Atg}}/{\text{Ol}}}} between both types of zoning and antigorite display coalescence toward exchange equilibrium. With both types of zoning, Mn
is enriched and Ni depleted compared with the unaffected bulk composition. Nanometer-sized, heterogeneously distributed antigorite
precipitates along olivine subgrain boundaries suggest that water was able to ingress along them. Crystallographic orientation
relationships gained via electron backscatter diffraction between olivine grain domains and different serpentine vein generations
support the hypothesis that serpentinization was initiated along olivine subgrain boundaries. 相似文献
4.
Roger H. Mitchell 《Lithos》1973,6(1):65-81
Two generations of primary olivine are present in kimberlite, rounded phenocrysts (Fo94Fo91) and euhedral groundmass olivines (Fo91Fo88-5). Rounded phenocrysts less magnesian than Fo88 are considered to be mantle derived xenocrysts; such crystals comprise up to 40% of the phenocrysts material in kimberlite. Calculated silica activity ranges from 10?1,5 at 1200 °C, 50 kbs, to between 10?1,6 and 10?2.4 at 600 °C, 0.5–1.0 kb. Silica buffers involving olivines, pyroxenes and garnet are considered. Oxygen fugacities on the order of 10?20 bars indicate that kimberlite magmas are highly reduced at the time of groundmass formation. 相似文献
5.
Dunite samples have been deformed non-coaxially at high temperatures and pressures. In samples which were deformed by translation glide on {Okl}[100], olivine [100] = Z-axes rotated toward the maximum extensile-strain axis. In samples which were partly or completely recrystallized syntectonically the new olivine grains attained preferred orientations with [010] = X and [100] = Z parallel to the maximum and least principal compressive stress axes, respectively. These results may be used for kinematic and dynamic analysis of naturally deformed dunites and peridotites. 相似文献
6.
Rockfill is an important construction material for infrastructure engineering, such as dams, railways and airport foundations, which display a long-term post-construction settlement. However, the main mechanisms for rockfill creep and weathering influence still remain poorly understood. Particle mechanics method is used to understand the rockfill creep process under dry and wet conditions. Different bond-aging models and wetting models that represent different degradation and weakening mechanisms are compared, in order to clarify the principle and secondary mechanisms for rockfill creep and weathering influence. The results show that rockfill aggregate breakage in terms of angularity abrasion is the main source for rockfill creep under dry state. Wetting can induce additional strain mainly due to the reduction of contact friction coefficient, i.e. lubrication, and the bond strength reduction just plays a secondary role in producing additional strain. The earlier the wetting occurs during rockfill creep, the more rapidly the rockfill becomes stable. The wetting–drying cycles can induce strain evolution in a ‘stepped’ way, which is in agreement with experimental observation. The practical implications from the modeling and the outstanding issues in this study are also discussed. 相似文献
7.
The incorporation of H into olivine is influenced by a significant number of thermodynamic variables (pressure, temperature, oxygen fugacity, etc.). Given the strong influence that H has on the solidus temperature and rheological behavior of mantle peridotite, it is necessary to determine its solubility in olivine over the range of conditions found in the upper mantle. This study presents results from hydration experiments carried out to determine the effects of pressure, temperature, and the fugacities of H2O and O2 on H solubility in San Carlos olivine at upper mantle conditions. Experiments were carried out at 1–2 GPa and 1,200 °C using a piston-cylinder device. The fugacity of O2 was controlled at the Fe0–FeO, FeO–Fe3O4, or Ni0–NiO buffer. Variable duration experiments indicate that equilibration is achieved within 6 h. Hydrogen contents of the experimental products were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry, and relative changes to the point defect populations were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results from our experiments demonstrate that H solubility in San Carlos olivine is sensitive to pressure, the activity of SiO2, and the fugacities of H2O and O2. Of these variables, the fugacity of H2O has the strongest influence. The solubility of H in olivine increases with increasing SiO2 activity, indicating incorporation into vacancies on octahedral lattice sites. The forsterite content of the olivine has no discernible effect on H solubility between 88.17 and 91.41, and there is no correlation between the concentrations of Ti and H. Further, in all but one of our experimentally hydrated olivines, the concentration of Ti is too low for H to be incorporated dominantly as a Ti-clinohumite-like defect. Our experimentally hydrated olivines are characterized by strong infrared absorption peaks at wavenumbers of 3,330, 3,356, 3,525, and 3,572 cm?1. The heights of peaks at 3,330 and 3,356 cm?1 correlate positively with O2 fugacity, while those at 3,525 and 3,572 cm?1 correlate with H2O fugacity. 相似文献
8.
The role of aqueous fluid in fracturing in subducting slabs was investigated through a series of deformation experiments on dunite that was undersaturated (i.e., fluid-free) or saturated with water (i.e., aqueous-fluid bearing) at pressures of 1.0–1.8 GPa and temperatures of 670–1250 K, corresponding to the conditions of the shallower regions of the double seismic zone in slabs. In situ X-ray diffraction, radiography, and acoustic emissions (AEs) monitoring demonstrated that semi-brittle flow associated with AEs was dominant and the creep/failure strength of dunite was insensitive to the dissolved water content in olivine. In contrast, aqueous fluid drastically decreased the creep/failure strength of dunite (up to ~?1 GPa of weakening) over a wide range of temperatures in the semi-brittle regime. Weakening of the dunite by the aqueous fluid resulted in the reduction of the number of AE events (i.e., suppression of microcracking) and shortening of time to failure. The AE hypocenters were located at the margin of the deforming sample while the interior of the faulted sample was aseismic (i.e., aseismic semi-brittle flow) under water-saturated conditions. A faulting (slip rate of ~?10?3 to 10?4 s?1) associated with a large drop of stress (Δσ?~?0.5 to 1 GPa) and/or pressure (ΔP?~?0.5 GPa) was dominant in fluid-free dunite, while a slow faulting (slip rate?<?8?×?10?5 s?1) without any stress/pressure drop was common in water-saturated dunite. Aseismic semi-brittle flow may mimic silent ductile flow under water-saturated conditions in subducting slabs. 相似文献
9.
Crystal size distributions (CSDs) are a standard method of describing populations of crystals within magmatic rocks. Olivine
is the dominant phase in kimberlite (∼40–50% by volume) and features a diverse range of sizes, shapes and origins. CSDs of
olivine provide a logical means of semi-quantitatively characterising kimberlite. The CSDs can then be used to distinguish
or correlate between kimberlite bodies or to investigate processes related to ascent, emplacement and eruption. In this paper,
we present an automatic image analysis technique that provides efficient quantification of olivine CSDs within digital images
of polished slabs of kimberlite. This technique relies on a combination of algorithms for detecting regions of interest (ROI)
and for segmentation of ROIs in order to identify individual olivine crystals that are used for size distribution datasets.
The detection process identifies regions expected to be olivine using a model-based colour detection technique using Mahalanobis
distance combined with texture analysis based on local standard deviation and greyscale foreground enhancement techniques.
The segmentation process separates adjacent domains to identify individual crystals using an iterative marker-based watershed
algorithm to separate adjoined structures of varying sizes. We demonstrate the utility of automatic image analysis by comparing
CSDs for olivine derived from this method versus results from manual digitisation of olivine grains. The automatic detection
system correctly identified ∼86% of the manually detected olivine domains; ∼88% of the automatically detected regions correctly
correlate to manually defined olivine grains. Discrepancies between the two methods are mostly the result of oversimplification
of crystal margins (i.e. rounding) by manual tracing whereas automatic boundary recognition shows clear advantages in identifying
irregularities in crystal edges. Closer examination of the results shows that both methods suffer from under-representation
of smaller crystals due to: (1) human subjectivity and error in manual tracing and (2) noise removal processes in automatic
detection. Automatic detection of olivine grains is much more efficient than conventional manual tracing; manual detection
requires ∼6 h per sample versus ∼1 min for automatic analysis of the same sample. 相似文献
10.
Our study of olivines from Canadian kimberlites shows that the application of FTIR spectroscopy significantly improves the reliability of olivine as a kimberlite indicator mineral (KIM). We have developed an algorithm that yields the water concentration and the normalized intensity of the OH IR absorption band at 3572 cm−1 from unpolished olivine grains of unknown thickness. For 80% of kimberlitic olivines these two parameters are significantly higher than those for olivines from non-kimberlitic magmas and consequently, olivines with water concentrations >60 ppm and a strong absorption band at 3572 cm−1 can be reliably classified as being kimberlitic.We have identified two major spectral features in the OH absorption bands of kimberlitic olivines that allow for a more detailed classification: (a) the presence of three types of high-requency OH absorption bands (Group 1A, 1B and 1C) and (b) the proportion of low-frequency OH absorption bands (Group 2) relative to high-frequency bands (Group 1). Comparison of our results with experimental studies suggests that differences within Group 1 OH absorption bands are due to different pressures of crystallization or hydrogenation. The three identified types of Group 1 OH absorption bands approximately correspond to high (P > 2 GPa, Group 1A), moderate (2-1 GPa, Group 1B), and low (<1 GPa, Group 1C) pressures of hydrogenation. Group 2 OH IR absorption bands in olivines with NiO > 3500 ppm are interpreted to reflect olivine-orthopyroxene equilibria and hence are indicative of xenocrystic olivine derived from lherzolitic or harzburgitic mantle sources. Interaction of xenocrystic olivine with hydrous kimberlitic melts with low silica activity likely will cause a gradual increase in Group 1 absorption bands. Therefore, FTIR spectra of olivine can be used to obtain qualitative estimates of the duration of interaction between mantle material and a kimberlitic melt.In addition to applications in kimberlite and diamond exploration, FTIR spectra of olivine phenocrysts, combined with mineral chemical data, may also provide insights into kimberlite evolution. Our data suggest that in some instances the ascent of kimberlitic magmas could have been interrupted at or near the Moho, followed by olivine crystallization and exsolution of aqueous fluids. 相似文献
11.
The partitioning of Fe and Mg between olivine and carbonate and the stability of carbonate under mantle conditions 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
We have investigated the effect of Fe on the stabilities of carbonate (carb) in lherzolite assemblages by determining the partitioning of Fe and Mg between silicate (olivine; ol) and carbonates (magnesite, dolomite, magnesian calcite) at high pressures and temperatures. Fe enters olivine preferentially relative to magnesite and ordered dolomite, but Fe and Mg partition almost equally between disordered calcic carbonate and olivine. Measurement of K
d
(X
Fe
carb
X
Mg
ol
/X
Fe
ol
X
Mg
carb
) as a function of Fe/ Mg ratio indicates that Fe–Mg carbonates deviate only slightly from ideality. Using the regular solution parameter for olivine W
FeMg
ol
of 3.7±0.8 kJ/mol (Wiser and Wood 1991) we obtain for (FeMg)CO3 a W
FeMg
carb
of 3.05±1.50 kJ/mol. The effect of Ca–Mg–Fe disordering is to raise K
d
substantially enabling us to calculate W
CaMg
carb
-W
CaFe
carb
of 5.3±2.2 kJ/mol. The activity-composition relationships and partitioning data have been used to calculate the effect of Fe/Mg ratio on mantle decarbonation and exchange reactions. We find that carbonate (dolomite and magnesian calcite) is stable to slightly lower pressures (by 1 kbar) in mantle lherzolitic assemblages than in the CaO–MgO–SiO2(CMS)–CO2 system. The high pressure breakdown of dolomite + orthopyroxene to magnesite + clinopyroxene is displaced to higher pressures (by 2 kbar) in natural compositions relative to CMS. CO2. We also find a stability field of magnesian calcite in lherzolite at 15–25 kbar and 750–1000°C. 相似文献
12.
Yu. V. Seryotkin V. L. Skvortsova A. M. Logvinova N. V. Sobolev 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2017,476(2):1155-1158
The crystallographic orientation of three diamonds and 19 olivine inclusions from Udachnaya kimberlite pipe was studied using monocrystal X-ray diffractometry. No epitaxial olivine inclusions were found. 相似文献
13.
The densification curves for the hot-pressing of pure olivine powders were obtained as a function of grain size (5 μ–2000 μ), temperature (1000–1600°C), and compacting stress (166–298 bars). This range of variables was found to straddle two fields of hot-pressing behavior, one dominated by power-law creep, one by Coble creep. The time required to density a powder to 99% of the single crystal density could be represented by the shorter of the two times: t1 = 2.2 · 103σ−3.4exp(85,000/RT)t2 = 1.3 · 104σ−1.5(G)+3exp(85,000/RT) where the compacting stress or pressure, σ, is given in bars and the grain size, G, in centimeters. It was also possible to estimate the parameters appropriate to Coble creep in a solid polycrystalline aggregate from the hot-pressing data; and these were:
The strain rates computed from this formula are close to those predicted by Stocker and Ashby (1973) and those found by Twiss (1976). 相似文献
Full-size image (1K)
14.
S. S. Ugap’eva A. D. Pavlushin S. V. Goryainov V. P. Afanasiev N. P. Pokhilenko 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,468(1):473-477
The results of morphological examination and the character of the structural orientation and estimation of residual pressure calculated from spectra of combination dispersion in olivine inclusions within diamonds of the Ebelyakh placer and kimberlite pipes of the Yakutian Diamondiferous Province are presented. The data analysis aimed at revealing indications of similarity and/or differences between diamonds from the pipes and the placer. Differences in the structural orientation and spectra of combination dispersion of the inclusions of olivine in dodecahedroids of placers of the northeastern part of the Siberian Platform support the assumption of their non-kimberlite nature. 相似文献
15.
The results of a complex study of melt inclusions in olivine phenocrysts contained in unaltered kimberlites from the Udachnaya-East pipe indicate that the inclusions were captured late during the magmatic stage, perhaps, under a pressure of <1 kbar and a temperature of ≤800°C. The inclusions consist of fine crystalline aggregates (carbonates + sulfates + chlorides) + gas ± crystalline phases. Minerals identified among the transparent daughter phases of the inclusions are silicates (tetraferriphlogopite, olivine, humite or clinohumite, diopside, and monticellite), carbonates (calcite, dolomite, siderite, northupite, and Na-Ca carbonates), Na and K chlorides, and alkali sulfates. The ore phases are magnetite, djerfisherite, and monosulfide solid solution. The inclusions are derivatives of the kimberlite melt. The complex silicate-carbonate-salt composition of the secondary melt inclusions in olivine from the kimberlite suggests that the composition of the kimberlite melt near the surface differed from that of the initial melt composition in having higher contents of CaO, FeO, alkalis, and volatiles (CO2, H2O, F, Cl, and S) at lower concentrations of SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, Cr2O3, and TiO2. Hence, when crystallizing, the kimberlite melt evolved toward carbonatite compositions. The last derivatives of the kimberlite melt had an alkaline carbonatite composition. 相似文献
16.
不同温度条件下饱水风化花岗岩强度及变形特性分析 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
为研究温度和围压对风化花岗岩抗压强度、 剪切强度参数及变形特性的影响规律, 以新疆天山某一矿区的风化花岗岩为研究对象, 对不同温度(15、 -5、 -15 ℃)、 不同围压(0、 4、 7、 10 MPa)条件下的饱水风化花岗岩进行单轴和三轴压缩试验。结果表明: 相同温度条件下, 围压在0 ~ 10 MPa变化时, 风化花岗岩三轴抗压强度随围压线性增大。在相同围压下, 抗压强度随温度的降低而明显提高, 风化花岗岩的黏聚力c随温度降低而增大, 内摩擦角φ随温度的降低呈增长趋势。弹性模量随围压的增大不断提高, 但随着温度的降低, 增长幅度逐渐减小。泊松比也随温度降低和围压的增加呈增大趋势。温度和围压对风化花岗岩试样的破坏形态影响机制不同。温度降低使矿物颗粒及内部的微裂纹和间隙收缩, 进而胶结强度增大; 荷载和围压的增大会使岩石内部形成微裂隙并逐渐贯通, 同时孔隙冰破碎裂隙充分接触, 进一步增加摩擦力提高岩石强度。 相似文献
17.
18.
为了研究复杂应力条件下原状黄土的增湿变形特性,利用改进的非饱和土湿陷真三轴仪,在测量吸力条件下对原状黄土进行双线法分级浸水增湿试验,探讨力-水耦合作用下吸力的变化特性,研究真三轴浸水试验的增湿变形特性,以及吸力、净围压、中主应力和应力比对增湿变形的影响。研究结果表明:由ei-lgp压缩曲线确定了非饱和土的屈服点,屈服点之前,曲线的斜率近似相等;屈服点之后,曲线的斜率随着初始吸力的减小而减小,且非饱和土与饱和土的交点随着初始吸力的增大呈右下方移动趋势。等向压缩过程中,吸力随着净平均应力的增加近似呈线性减小趋势,初始吸力越小,吸力减小的速度越慢,且吸力变化量越小。均压分级浸水增湿时,吸力s随着浸水量w的增加而减小,增湿体变evsh随着浸水量w的增加而增大,不同净围压下的evsh-w关系曲线相互有交叉。交叉区域之前,净围压越大,增湿体变越小,而交叉区域之后,净围压越大,增湿体变越大。在同一净围压条件下,浸水量相同时,初始吸力越大,增湿体变越大。真三轴剪切增湿试验中,应力比k、中主应力参数b值和净围压s3皆对增湿变形有一定的影响... 相似文献
19.
Michael A. Velbel 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2009,73(20):6098-6779
Naturally weathered olivine occurring as phenocrysts in Hawai’ian volcanic rocks from several volcanic centers and regolith/outcrop settings, and as tectonized olivines from several metadunite bodies in the southern Appalachian Blue Ridge, are all similarly corroded by natural weathering. Conical (funnel-shaped) etch pits occur as individual pits, base-to-base pairs of cone-shaped pits, or en echelon arrays. Etch-pit shapes and orientations in the smallest etch-pit arrays visible in conventional scanning electron microscopy resemble even smaller features previously reported from transmission electron microscope investigations of olivine weathering. Etch pits occur in samples with chemical and/or mineralogical evidence of weathering, and/or are associated with, or proximal or directly connected to, fractures or exposed outcrop surface, and therefore are formed by weathering and not inherited from pre-weathering aqueous alteration (e.g., serpentinization, iddingsitization) of these parent rocks. Many etch pits are devoid of weathering products. Natural weathering of olivine is surface-reaction-limited. Similarity of corrosion forms from naturally weathered olivine from multiple igneous and metamorphic parent-rock bodies suggests that olivine weathers in the same manner regardless of its specific crystallization/recrystallization history, eruption/weathering/exposure ages of the olivine’s host rock, and the local regolith history. 相似文献
20.
粉质黏土卸荷变形特性试验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
依托武汉长江隧道江北明挖段基坑工程,开展了一系列的K0固结状态下原状粉质黏土卸荷应力路径排水剪三轴试验,并对卸荷变形特性进行了深入分析。分析表明:卸荷应力路径下原状粉质黏土的应力-应变关系与应力路径有着密切的关系,近似呈双曲线型。根据应力-应变曲线表现,可将卸荷应力路径分为A、B两组,A组应力路径试样表现为轴向压缩;B组应力路径试样表现为轴向伸长。卸荷应力路径下粉质黏土的应力-应变关系具有良好的归一化特性,同一应力路径下不同固结压力的应力-应变曲线可采用双曲线函数用平均固结压力归一化,但A、B两组应力路径下的归一化方程有所差别。给出了各种应力路径下的归一化方程,可为卸荷土体的变形参数及本构关系研究提供参考。 相似文献