Fracture Characters and Seismogenic Fault of the Yajiang Earthquake Sequence with Ms6.0 in Sichuan in 2001

The Yajiang earthquake sequence in 2001, with the major events of Ms5.1 on Feb. 14 and of Ms6.0 on Feb.23, are significant events in the Sichuan region during the last 13 years. Eighty-eight earthquakes in the sequence with at least 5 distinct onset parameters for each recorded by the Sichuan Seismic Network in the period of Jan. 1 through June 30,2001 were chosen for this study. The events are relocated and the focal mechanism is derived from P-wave onsets for 13 events with relatively larger magnitudes. The focal depth of all earthquakes fall between a range of 2km to 16km, with dominant distribution between 9km to 11km. Theforeshocks, the Ms5.1 earthquake and the Ms6.0 earthquake and their aftershocks are all located close to the Zihe fault and the dominant epicentral distribution is in NW direction, identical to that of the fault. The fracture surface of the focal mechanism is determined in accordance to the mass transfer orientation in the recent earth deformation field in the Yajiang region. The P axes of the principal compressive stress in focal mechanism solutions of the 13 events show bigger vertical components, and the horizontal projection trending SE. The earthquakes are of left-lateral, strike-slip normal, and normal strike-slip types. The rupture surface of most earthquakes strike NW-SE, dipping SW. Based on the above information, we conclude that the Zihe fault that crosses the earthquake area, striking NW and dipping SW, is the seismogenic fault for the Yajiang earthquake sequence.     

Study on Source Spectrum for the Yajiang Earthquake Sequence Using S Wave

The source parameters of the Yajiang earthquake sequence are calculated based on spectral analysis of S wave data recorded by the Chengdu Digital Seismic Network. Analysis of the source parameters in different periods are made, The obtained results are : ( 1 ) the relationship between Ms (seismic moment), Mw ( moment magnitude) and ML (local magnitude), which fits the data of Yajiang earthquake sequence; (2) the decreasing corner frequency from 1.4 before the M5.0 earthquake to 1.3 afterwards, and then to 1.2 after the M6.O event; (3) the obvious difference in the source parameters between foreshocks and aftershocks, which may be indicators for earthquake prediction.     

Focal Fault of the 1999 Datong Ms5.6 Earthquake in Shanxi Province

Several earthquakes with Ms≥5.0 occurred in the Datong seismic region in 1989,1991 and 1999,The precise focus location of the earthquake sequence was made by the records of the remote sensing seismic station network in Datong.Using that data together with macro-intensity distribution and focal mechanism solutions,we analyze the difference among three subsequences.The results show that the focal fault of the 1999 Ms 5.6 earthquake was a NWW-trending left-lateral strike-slip fault.It is 16km long and 12km wide.It developed at the depth of 5km and is nearly vertical in dip.The two previous earthquake subsequences,however,were generated by activity along NNE-trending right-lateral strike-slip fault.It can be found that the rupture directioin of the 1999 earthquake has changed.It is generally found that a rupture zone has more than two directions and has different strength along these two directions.The complicate degree of focal circumstance is related to the type of earthquake sequences.There is the NE-trending Dawangcun fault and the NW-trending Tuanbu fault in the seismic region,but no proof indicates a connection between focal faults and these two tectonic faults.The feature that focal faults of three subsequences are strike-slip is different from that of the two tectonic faults.It is suggested that the 1999 earthquake subsequence was possibly generated by a new rupture.     

Numerical simulation for 1975 Haicheng and 1999 Xiuyan earthquake processes by DDA+FEM

Introduction The Xiuyan earthquake(MS=5.4)on Nov.29,1999,occurred between Hushan town and Pi-anling town at the southeast end of the aftershocks of Haicheng earthquake(MS=7.3).These two earthquakes′sequences are highly similar in the way that the foreshocks are very frequent,focal mechanisms of the main shocks are about the same and fault strikes are approximately in the same direction.It is important to study these earthquakes for further research on seismogenesis to fore-cast earthquake…     

新源、和静交界ML6.8级地震序列应力降和震源机制研究

Based on the digital waveform data recorded by Xinjiang Digital Seismic Network for the Xinyuan-Hejing M_L6.8 earthquake sequences of June 30,2012,this paper analyzes the stress drops of earthquake sequences and the correlation coefficients of focal mechanisms significant for strong aftershocks.Firstly,the source parameters of the Xinyuan-Hejing M_L6.8 earthquake sequences are obtained by applying the spectrum analysis and the Brunes source model.Then,the correlation coefficients of spectral amplitudes are calculated using the low-frequency spectral amplitude recorded by the same station for the different events.Finally,based on the results of the correlation coefficients of spectral amplitudes,the events with similar focal mechanisms are grouped using the clustering method.The results show that:(1)The stress drop values show a steady trend in the aftershock sequence calm period and the stress drop values show a rise-fall in strong aftershocks.(2)The moving average correlation coefficient of amplitude spectrum begins to spread after the main shock.It shows that the correlation decreases between the main shock and the aftershocks in mechanisms.(3)The results of focal mechanism groups show that the earthquake sequences are mainly strike slips.The stress distribution of the main pressure axis is nearly NS,which is the same as the structural stress field.(4)The magnitude and mechanism show that there is an agreement before the strong aftershock,which shows that the regional stress field is enhanced.     

Tracing the Forecast of Earthquakes Based on the Seismicity Characteristics of the Chi-Chi Strong Earthquake Swarm Sequence

The data of earthquakes with M≥3.0 during the 7 years from September 21, 1993 to September 20, 2000 recorded by the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau (CWB) show that there were 6 types of clear characteristics of seismicity during the Chi-Chi strong earthquake swarm of September 21. These 6 types of characteristics are (1) foreshock types, (2) seismic gaps, (3) seismic bands, (4) clustering activity of foreshocks and signal shock, (5) quiescence before the main shock and (6) secondary aftershocks in the aftershock sequence. Using the procedures for analyzing the yearly strong earthquake tendency, further tracing based on the earthquake sequence characteristics, and taking the Chi-Chi earthquake sequence as an example, tracing analysis of the earthquake tendency was attempted using the shorter time range of monthly rather than in a yearly time scale. An attempt was made to establish the procedures for tracing analysis of shallow-focus earthquakes in the seismic belt of western Taiwan. It is hoped that this can provide an analystical method for approaching the short-imminent time scale of seismometry-based earthquake forecasting.     

Determination of Focal Depths of the MS5.8 Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia Earthquake Sequence

Using the double-difference earthquake location algorithm, the deterministic method (PTD method) and the CAP seismic moment tensor inversion method, the paper selects the primary waveform data of 78 earthquakes recorded by the "China Earthquake Science Array Probe Project in the Northern Part of North South Seismic Belt", the "China Earthquake Scientific Exploration Array Data Center" of Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, and the Inner Mongolia Digital Seismic Network to calculate the focal depths of the mainshock and the seismic sequence of the M_S5.8 Alxa Left Banner earthquake in Inner Mongolia. The results show that the focal depth of the main shock is 20.6km, determined by the double-difference earthquake location method, 18.1km by the PTD method, and 19.2km by the CAP method. The focal depth of the earthquake sequence calculated by the double-difference location method is larger. The deterministic method (PTD method) and double-difference location method are the methods that fit the tectonic characteristics of the seismic source area, and the CAP method is suitable for larger earthquakes.     

Comparison of the spatial distribution of ground motion between main shocks and strong aftershocks

Using the ground motion attenuation relation, we calculated and compared the effective peak acceleration (EPA) generated by main shocks and their strong aftershocks of 21 earthquake sequences with MS≥7 occurred in Chinese mainland and offing of China during 1966~2002. The result shows that EPA of strong aftershocks usually exceed that of main shock for 76.2% earthquake sequences and EPA of more than 50% strong aftershocks are greatly lar-ger than that of main shocks in large area, which suggests that it is necessary to take damage produced by strong aftershock into account in the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and the seismic design.     

Towards combining multiple geophysical datasets to determine earthquake source parameters in China

正1.Difficulties of conventional seismic studies on earthquake source parameters Earthquake source parameters,including magnitude,location,focal mechanism,rupture process are key factors for understanding seismogenic environment,mitigating seismic hazards,estimating earthquake triggering,and tectonic analysis.Traditionally,source parameters are determined by seismological methods.For example,Fang L H et al.(2014)relocated the 2012 Ms6.6 Xinjiang Xinyuan earthquake sequence using local seismograms based on the double difference method,and obtained the distribution of aftershocks     

Study on Stress Triggering During the Activity Process of the Jiashi Strong Earthquake Swarm

The Bachu-Jiashi earthquake of Ms6.8 occurred on February 24, 2003, about 20km from the southeast of the 1997 - 1998 Jiashi seismic region in Xinjiang, and its aftershocks are rich and strong. Did the 1997 - 1998 Jiashi strong earthquake swarm trigger the Bachu-Jiashi Ms6.8 earthquake？ The Atushi earthquake of Ms6.7 occurred in 1996, and the 1997 - 1998 Jiashi strong earthquake swarm occurred about 70km from the Atushi earthquake 10 months later. Did the Atushi earthquake of Ms6.7 encourage the 1997 - 1998 Jiashi strong earthquake swarm？ There were 9 earthquakes with Ms6.0 from 1996 to 1997 in the Jiashi seismic region, how did they act on each other？ To answer the above questions, the article studies the triggering effect of the activity process of the whole Jiashi earthquake swarm from the 1996 Atushi earthquake of Ms6.7, the 1997 - 1998 Jiashi strong swarm to the 2003 Bachu-Jiashi earthquake of Ms6.8, and analyzes the seismicity characteristics around the Jiashi region. The results show that the 1996 Atushi earthquake of Ms6.7 encouraged the 1997 - 1998 Jiashi strong swarm to some extent, the accumulative Coulomb stress change from the previous M6.0 earthquakes of the Jiashi strong swarm had certain triggering effects on the following M6.0 events, and the Coulomb stress change converted from the Jiashi strong swarm strongly encouraged the 2003 Bachu-Jiashi earthquake with Ms6.8.     

Accurate Location of the Yao''''an Earthquake Sequence and the Yongsheng Earthquake Sequence

INTRODUCTIONEarthquake sequence is a series of centralized earthquake events in space-time after a largerearthquake.Since these earthquake events occur in a small space and are sequential in one specialtime,their seismogenic structure,mediumcharacteristics and earthquake mechanisms must be similar.By studying one earthquake sequence,the seismic activitytrend after a large earthquake can beconjectured.Some characteristics of the earthquake source development process and physic states canal…     

2011年腾冲中强地震序列震源机制和发震构造研究

2011年腾冲地区连续发生了3次中强地震,本文运用全波形模拟的方法研究了这3次中强地震序列的震源机制解,并对地震序列进行了重定位。笔者结合由震源机制解及重定位结果对其发震构造进行了分析,认为3次中强地震及序列均位于同一发震构造,呈北西走向,破裂面倾角陡直,在近水平的北北东向压应力作用下作右旋水平走滑错动,断层较浅仅限于上地壳,活动过程有向深部发展的趋势;震源区附近无明显已知构造与发震构造相对应,发震构造可能为未知隐伏构造。     

2014年8月3日云南鲁甸6.5级地震序列破裂过程研究

本文利用主地震相对定位法,对2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震序列中的8月3日—9月30日地震进行了重新定位,借助于时空图像分析方法,对本次地震破裂过程进行了分析,得到如下结果:(1)2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震主要沿NW向破裂,存在沿NE向破裂的成分,但是NE向破裂并不明显;(2)地震破裂时,主要从主震震中处往ES方向传播,破裂带长度大约为10km,破裂面近乎直立;(3)余震活动主要集中于主震上方区域,震源深度大于主震的余震稀少.根据上述结果,结合当地的地震构造情况和本次地震的震源机制解,分析表明,本次地震的破裂面为NW向,其发震断层为包谷垴—小河断裂的可能性很大.     

中国大陆共轭破裂强震

依据地震破裂、地震形变带、前震和余震分布,对中国大陆共轭破裂强震进行了初步研究。结果表明,强震共轭破裂现象较普遍,据资料至少有12个单强震、7个双主震和2个主震——强余震为共轭破裂强震。其共轭破裂特征在地震形变带展布、烈度等震线形态、前震和余震分布等方面表现明显。另外,共轭破裂强震具有共轭破裂面方位之一多为北北西向、双主震之间和主——强余震之间相隔时间为“7”和“9”的节律这2个主要的共同点。     

新疆及周缘构造破裂特征及地震序列类型

横亘新疆境内的天山及其周边的西昆仑、阿尔金和阿尔泰是中国大陆著名的强构造运动区和地震活动带。在对新疆构造区应力环境、动力过程、断层运动变形特征和地震序列分析讨论的基础上,对新疆及其周缘主要构造区地震破裂方式和序列类型进行研究,得出如下结论:(1)西昆仑构造区受来自青藏块体和塔里木块体NS和NW向水平压应力和垂向力的作用,构造运动呈现出走滑与逆冲特征,震源破裂以走滑型为主,数量较少的逆断型地震主要分布在西昆仑帕米尔一侧的深震挤压区,正断型地震主要出现在西昆仑与阿尔金交汇的拉张盆地及附近。该区主余型地震占63%,6级以上地震序列也存在多震类型。(2)阿尔金断裂带位于西昆仑北缘断裂和北祁连断裂过渡带,受青藏块体向北和向西的推挤,断裂本身的左旋位移量通过两端逆冲挤压而转化,使得青藏高原北边界不断向外扩展。在此力源下,阿尔金断裂带震源破裂以走滑为主,也有少量的逆冲型地震。地震序列中主余型和孤立型地震占比相同(占44%)。(3)在印度板块和亚欧大陆碰撞效应影响下,天山地区产生近NNE向水平压应力,构造运动显现出带旋性特征的逆冲和走滑,震源破裂方式与之相吻合。而天山构造大跨度的空间展布、扩展形式的多样性和地震破裂的两重性,又影响到地震序列类型的多样性,使得主余型、孤立型和多震型地震在不同构造部位呈现优势分布。(4)阿尔泰的构造运动可能受到了来自印度板块与亚欧板块碰撞的远程效应和西伯利亚块体南向运动的双向影响,形成NNE和SW向水平挤压力,主要大型发震断裂做右旋剪扭错动,而一些深断裂则以逆冲运动为主。震源破裂呈现出走滑(占64%)和部分的逆冲(占27%),6级以上地震序列主要为主余型,5级左右地震则多为孤立型。     

山西大同-阳高地震的震源机制及发震模式

根据全国地震台网的记录资料及前人对山西大同-阳高地震的研究结果，通过对大同-阳高地震震源机制及大同遥测地震台网的单（多）台小震综合断层面解的研究，结合当地地质构造条件，推断出大同-阳高地震的震源应力场及前震、主震、最大余震的发震断层。通过对大同-阳高地震中余震随时间分布、烈度等震线分布和构造裂缝的研究，给出了大同-阳高地震中几次主要地震的破裂方向、破裂长度等。     

2003年12月1日新疆昭苏6.1级地震序列特征分析

通过分析昭苏6．1级地震序列特征、震源与介质破裂特性、震源环境与历史地震活动类比及区域地震和前兆资料的异常变化等，对该震前的区域地震活动背景、震后的震情趋势等有了较为细致的了解和判定。主要结果有：①在2003年新疆境内中强地震成组活动的背景下，于现代地震活动很弱的昭苏盆地内发生了6．1级地震；②6．1级地震为主一余型地震序列，震后序列衰减正常；③主震震源机制解结果与现代区域构造应力场特征吻合，表明构造活动具有明显的继承性，并对地震活动有着控制作用；④震源区域构造应力释放充分，区域应力场处于相对稳定的调整状态。综合各类分析结果后认为，震区发生更大地震的可能性很小。     

岫岩5.4和5.1级地震前波谱异常特征研究

使用辽宁数字地震台网1999年11月9日至2000年1月10日记录的52次地震共360余条数字化波形事件, 采用PITSA软件, 对发生在岫岩5.4级地震的27个前震和5.4级地震后的5.1级地震(最大余震)前25个余震的纵、 横波拐角频率比值f_cp/f_cs进行了研究。 结果表明: 在岫岩5.4级和5.1级地震前的纵波和横波拐角频率比值f_cp/f_cs, 在2次较大地震前均出现较明显的下降异常, 此异常可作为今后地震预测可能的参考与临震判断的依据。     

宁洱地震序列的震源机制解分析

利用云南数字地震台网资料得到宁洱地震序列的主震、5.1级强余震和52个余震震源机制解.分析表明,该地震序列的发震断裂呈NW走向,倾角陡立.在接近水平的近南北向压应力作用下,断裂具有右旋走滑的错动性质.主震、强余震和众多的余震都发生在同一发震断裂上.大量的余震震源机制解结果与主震一致,是地震序列的主要破裂类型,但还存在与主要类型不一致的倾向滑动类型,这可能与余震破裂起始点的微构造控制作用有关,但是它们呈水平向的应力轴与主震的主应力轴一致.NW向断层作右旋走向错动,滑动断层推挤的象限都是逆冲类型的余震,而拉张的象限都是正断层类型的地震.宁洱地震序列的震源机制和周围4次5级以上地震的震源机制相同,表明震源区应力场和区域应力场完全一致,宁洱地震的孕育和发生受区域应力场的控制.