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▲1982年1月14日至20日,西南地震工作协作区在贵阳召开西南地区1982年度地震趋势会商会议。会议讨论了西南地震活动趋势,提出了会商意见,并进行了学术交流。▲四川省地震局于2月23日至27日,     

包头—乌拉特前旗震群序列及区域小震活动、局部应力场特征

1982年12月8日至1983年3月8日,在内蒙古包头至乌拉特前旗之间一度出现了频度、强度均较高的震群活动,分别在12月8日、2月9日、2月12日发生了Ms=4.6、4.2、4.4级三次中等地震,引起人们极大的关注。在此之前,1982年1月至11月,阴山地震带出现了自唐山大震后未曾有过的长达11个月的平静。12月8日4.6级地震突然发生后,紧接着,12月10日北京马道峪发生4.5级地震,12月24日丰镇发生4.2级地震,1983年1月17日磴口发生5.2级地震,2月9日、2月12日又在上述地区     

昔阳4.9级地震前地声异常简析

一、事件 1982年11月12日凌晨,山西省昔阳县发生4.9级地震,附近各县均有较强感觉。当地群众震前普遍听到了地声,是我区近年来发生的一次较大地震。 介休地声观测站地处构造带交汇部位,在昔阳南西175公里处。安装在315米地声观测井底部的水听器,震前记到了较强的长期连续地声,出现的时间是,10月29日、30日,11月2日、3日、4日,11日平静,12日发生地震,同时纪录到地震波(见图)。     

鄱阳湖富营养化调查与评价

为了较全面了了解鄱阳湖水体的富营养化现状,于１９９２年５月１６日－６月３０日和１９９３年１月５日－２月４日在各河入湖口,湖区,候鸟保护区及长江九江大桥断面进行了调查。     

日食对地磁变化的影响

一、日食对地磁日变化的影响1.引言日食对地磁日变化的影响,是地磁学中令人感兴趣的课题之一。二十世纪初,鲍尔(Bauer)和诺德曼(Nordman)等人作了不少工作,但是,他们的观测结果都不能令人信服。查酱曼(Chapman)从理论上指出了日食对地磁场可能的影响,并强调了观测日食的重要性。五十年代以后,日食观测又重新活跃起来,埃格达尔(Egedal)等人研究了1954年6月30日的日食的地磁场效应,日本学者开展这方面的研究工作尤其活跃,卡托(Kato)先后观测了1955年6月20日、1958年10月12日和1962年2月5日的日全     

张北Ms6.2级地震前出现的地磁日变低点位移异常

１９９８年１月１０日张北发生Ｍｓ６．２级地震,地震前５ｄ￣２４ｄ,在全国范围内出现４次地磁日变低点位移异常现象。本文对地磁日变低点位移现象的物理基础进行了初步探讨,对地磁日变低点位移导演预报地震的方法作了简要介绍,对地磁日变低点位移异常与张北地震的关系进行了分析,认为张北地震前出现的地磁日变低点位移导演是该次地震的前兆反映。     

世界湿地日：全国各地“在行动”

每年的2月2日是“世界湿地日”。在全国人氏欢度新春佳节之际,也迎来了第十八个“世界湿地日”。     

中国地震专家代表团对3月4日罗马尼亚地震的考察情况

罗马尼亚境内于3月4日晚发生了强烈地震(本刊3月25日出版的第15—16期合刊对此作了有关报道)后,应罗方正式邀请,中国地震代表团一行七人于3月18日赴罗,4月10日回国,在罗工作了二十二天,园满地完成了任务。现根据该团的工作情况汇报总结报告,将该团对3月4日罗马尼亚地震的考察情况和对中深震的几点看法综合摘编如下,供参考。     

地磁逐日比异常电磁学成因的进一步分析

基于地磁逐日比异常期间地磁垂直分量日变化幅度变大或变小的统计结果,发现地磁逐日比高值异常是由异常日的地磁垂直分量日变化幅度变小和异常前一天的日变化幅度变大所致。其中,异常日的日变化幅度变小可能是地磁逐日比异常的主要因素,但异常前一天的日变化幅度变大也是异常成立的重要因素。此外,引用前人感应电流假说,结合统计结果进行了机理解释,研究结论进一步证实了前人对该方法的机理推测。     

一次有热异常前兆的地面沉陷

在1981年7月12日和13日,川西地区普降暴雨,井研县天云公社附近从7月12日夜间10时至7月13日午后6时,降雨量达到135毫米,可称为大暴雨。在井研县天云公社,1981年7月13日11时30分发生了一次地面沉陷(由降雨引起)。这次沉陷有明显的热异常前兆,沉陷后又出现了低温异常。     

国家地震紧急救援训练基地废墟训练场训练功能设计

本文简要介绍了国家地震紧急救援训练基地废墟训练场废墟构筑物A的背景和工程概况,主要从搜索功能训练和救援功能训练两个方面对废墟进行了功能设计：针对废墟构筑物A在训练功能实现过程中存在的问题进行了讨论,并提出了解决方法,为废墟A能更好的满足训练功能的要求提出了建议。     

中国地震局地震监测台网技术人员赴德国培训

中国地震局地震监测台网技术人员培训团一行15人于2000年9月2－20日赴德国地球科学研究中心（GFZ）和联邦地球科学及自然资源研究院（BGR）进行了培训，在德国的周密安排和中德以方的共同努力下，培训团圆满地完成了预期的培训任务，文章就这次的培训及培训团所了解到的情况作了介绍。     

第一期全国磁测技术培训班在京举办

2002年4月10－21日在北京举办了中华人民共和国科学技术部“地球现代磁场监测与地磁基本数据积累”项目与中国地震局“中国地磁图（2005．0）编制”项目的第一期全国磁测技术培训班,培训班的主要内容为：选点与建点;地磁三分量测量,包括用GPS测定方位角;野外测量数据的处理,通过本次培训,参加培训的同志都已达标,每个测量队可以胜任野外磁测工作。     

EFFECTS OF RIVER NETWORK WORKS AND SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES ON RESERVOIR SILTATION

Knowledge of the morphological dynamics of a water course is essential for management of reservoir siltation. With an example of sedimentation in a reservoir in Basilicata, Italy, this paper demonstrates the effect on reservoir siltation of the hydraulic works, which are aimed to reduce sediment transport along the fluvial network and to prevent part of the sediment discharge from reaching the lake. The effect depends on the river type and on the the geological features of river basin slopes. The paper also shows how mass erosion can significantly contribute to development of reservoir siltation. Finally, preliminary results are provided about the time needed for river training works to be effective.     

PRINCIPLES OF RIVER TRAINING AND MANAGEMENT

River regulation and river training have been performed for various purposes and negative effects have been shown in numerous cases. In some cases the negative effects are so serious that humans have to consider to "renaturalize" the regulated rivers. Only by using the strategy of integrated river management the diverse river uses and natural fluvial processes and ecological systems may be harmonized. Based on analysis of case studies and data collected from literatures this paper presents the concept of integrated river management and four principles of river training. The integrated river management comprises: 1) taking the watershed, upper stream basin including the tributaries, middle and lower reaches and the estuary as an integrated entity in the planning, design and management; and 2) mitigating or controlling the negative impacts on hydrology, erosion and sedimentation, fluvial processes, land use and river use, environment and ecology while in achieving economic benefit from water resources development, flood safety management and hydropower exploitation. River training and management should be in accordance with the four principles: 1) extending the duration of river water flowing on the continent, which may be achieved by extending the river course or reducing the flow velocity; 2) controlling various patterns of erosions and reducing the sediment transportation in the rivers; 3) increasing the diversity of habitat and enhancing the connectivity between the river and riparian waters; and 4) restoring natural landscapes.     

EFFECTS OF RIVER TRAINING STRUCTURES ON THE SEDIMENT BALANCE OF A SAND - BEARING RIVER

1. INTROOrCTIOXThe upper Tisza in Hungary is a sand bed alluvial river. presenting several river training problems. In order to solve these problems first the laws of free river--bed evolution must be clarified thenthe effects of existing river training s…     

Geophysical Discovery of a New LNAPL Plume at the Former Wurtsmith AFB, Oscoda, Michigan

Alight nonaqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) ground water contaminant plume has been discovered by purely geophysical means at the former Wurtsmith Air Force Base (AFB) near Oscoda, Michigan. It is located near another plume called FT-02, which is a well-studied area undergoing natural bioremediation. The plume was discovered by ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiling while extending a long line from FT-02 to establish background variability around that plume. The new plume was apparent because of a high-conductivity "shadow' or GPR reflection attenuation observed below the conductive zone at the top of the aquifer, identical to the pattern observed at the FT-02 plume. Further GPR surveys were conducted by students of a Western Michigan University geophysics field course to outline the proximal part of the plume. The GPR survey was supplemented by an electromagnetic induction (EM) survey which showed a group of four cables crossing the area. Finally, a magnetometer survey was conducted to search for any buried steel objects which might have been missed by the EM survey. The results of the three geophysical surveys were then used by students of a University of Michigan field course to guide subsurface soil and fluid sampling, which verified the presence of residual LNAPL product and ground water with conductivities 2.5 to 3.3 times above background. The plume source is in the vicinity of a vaulted underground storage tank (UST) formerly used for the collection of waste solvents and fuels for subsequent use in the fire training exercises at FT-02. This newly discovered LNAPL plume, along with other "mature' plumes, fits the electrical model which predicts conductive ground water below the decomposing but electrically resistive LNAPLs. Finally, this is a fine example of the cooperative use of a dedicated research site for training by students of two different universities.     

Deep neural network application for 4D seismic inversion to changes in pressure and saturation: Optimizing the use of synthetic training datasets

In this work, we tackle the challenge of quantitative estimation of reservoir dynamic property variations during a period of production, directly from four-dimensional seismic data in the amplitude domain. We employ a deep neural network to invert four-dimensional seismic amplitude maps to the simultaneous changes in pressure, water and gas saturations. The method is applied to a real field data case, where, as is common in such applications, the data measured at the wells are insufficient for properly training deep neural networks, thus, the network is trained on synthetic data. Training on synthetic data offers much freedom in designing a training dataset, therefore, it is important to understand the impact of the data distribution on the inversion results. To define the best way to construct a synthetic training dataset, we perform a study on four different approaches to populating the training set making remarks on data sizes, network generality and the impact of physics-based constraints. Using the results of a reservoir simulation model to populate our training datasets, we demonstrate the benefits of restricting training samples to fluid flow consistent combinations in the dynamic reservoir property domain. With this the network learns the physical correlations present in the training set, incorporating this information into the inference process, which allows it to make inferences on properties to which the seismic data are most uncertain. Additionally, we demonstrate the importance of applying regularization techniques such as adding noise to the synthetic data for training and show a possibility of estimating uncertainties in the inversion results by training multiple networks.     

重视继续教育中科技人员创造能力的培养

本文结合杭州干部培训中心继续教育的实践,探讨了继续教育中开发科技人员创造力的途径。指出科技人员的继续教育要正确处理好传授知识和培养科研能力的关系,着眼于能力的培养。培训内容要注重先进性和实用性,注意学科间的交叉渗透。培训方法要采用有利于激发学员创造性思维的形式,在继续教育中建立起新型的创造教育的观念。     

Remote sensing data classification using tolerant rough set and neural networks

Professor Pawlak introduced rough set theory, which is a method to represent, learn and induce in-complete data and uncertainty knowledge, in 1982[1]. Compared with traditional set theory, the strict axiom condition is broadened in rough set theory, which in-cluded vagueness concept and extended logic of set theory. It has been used successfully to deal with vagueness and uncertainty fields, for example machine learning, knowledge acquirement, decision analysis, pattern recognition and data mi…