中国海监荣成市大队服务涉海村展海监队伍形象

为促进涉海村经济的发展、更好地为涉海村服务,展示海监队伍形象,中国海监荣成市大队从 2010 年 9 月 1 日起,运用配置的亚米级 GPS 为虎山镇梁家村等 8 个村的养殖圈进行了实地测量。     

共叙十载海监辉煌 携手再度扬帆起航——中国海监总队成立十周年：强化海上执法 维护海洋权益

十年的春风化雨,十年的春华秋实,十年的辛勤耕耘,十年的辉煌业绩。今年10月,中国海监将迎来十周年华诞。为回顾和纪念这支海上综合执法队伍十周年的历史征程,本刊特开设“海监纪实”专栏,邀请中国海监总队、中国海监各海区总队以及各省、市总队的负责人追溯中国海监队伍发展史,畅谈感想,放眼未来,在新的历史起点上,共同谋划中国海监队伍未来发展宏伟蓝图。     

用红军精神推动海监队伍建设

1927年南昌起义,中国共产党创建了自己的军队.这支主要由农民组成的部队在1937年被改编之前都被称为红军.在这段中国革命最为艰苦的岁月里,这支军队历尽艰辛,克服无数艰难险阻,创造了一个又一个令世人难以置信的奇迹突破五次"围剿"、完成二万五千里长征、粉碎国民党的经济封锁……,至今仍令人荡气回肠、心潮澎湃.今天的中国海监,作为一支准军事化建设的海上综合执法队伍,我们应该从中学习些什么?     

加强我国海监队伍建设的几点建议

我国海上执法队伍建设是个庞大的课题，已有一些专家、学者对其进行了较为深入的研究并取得了一些成果。其中一些具有可操作性的建设方案已为国家相关部门所采纳，并已进入运作阶段。作为海上执法力量的海监队伍也有一个加强队伍建设的问题。改革我国海监队伍管理体制经中编办批准，中国海监总队于１９９８年１０月１９日正式成立。中国海监总队是国家海洋局领导下的，由中国海监各海区总队、各沿海省海监总队、市海监支队及县海监大队共同组成。中国海监各海区总队又下设直属支队（如中国海监第一支队）、航空支队（如中国海监北海航空支队…     

大丰县沿海滩涂贝类资源生物量

江苏省大丰县沿海滩涂区实施“管、增、移、引、加”工程,使原以自然繁衍的贝类生物量由每平方米的0.568公斤增加到1.3公斤,增值1倍以上;品种由原有的5个增加到8个;年采捕量由上年的6000多吨增至1万余吨,年实现总产值6000余万元,管理单位年实现纯利100余万元,8年中经济效益翻了3番。     

抓建设 打基础 促执法

青岛海监队伍,始建于1998年8月,4年多来,按照国家海洋局关于全国海监队伍建设“一盘棋”的指导思想,在青岛市海洋与渔业局党委的领导下,在社会各界的大力支持下,以认真贯彻、落实《中华人民共和国海域使用管理法》和《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》,逐步建立健全了一支具有较强战斗能力的执法队伍,使全市海洋管理工作逐步走向法制化、规范化、科学化的管理轨道,以法治海,以法管海,以法用海的局面已基本形成。经过几年来的海洋监察执法实践使我们深深体会到,要想干好海洋监察执法工作,必须要有上级领导以及各级地方政府的大力支持和广大人…     

生态环境发展趋势与对策研讨会在四川乐山市召开

由中国科学院环境科学委员会主持召开的“生态环境发展趋势与对策研讨会”于1987年11月8—12日在四川省乐山市召开。参加这次会议的有国家科委、中国科学院、高等院校及有关省市环保单位的学者、专家、科技工作者共100多人,会议共收到论文报告100多篇。     

取得丰硕成果让人备受鼓舞——全国政协副主席陈宗兴在“908专项”总验收会议上的讲话

经过180多家单位、3万多名科研人员历时8年的艰苦努力,＂908专项＂终于圆满完成任务,取得了丰硕的成果,让人倍受鼓舞和感动。在此,我对＂908专项＂顺利通过总验收表示衷心祝贺!向参与项目工作、付出艰辛努力的全体同志们致以崇高的敬意!中共中央、国务院一直高度重视海洋工作。     

大洋多金属结核勘查DY95—8航次任务圆满完成

旨在进行大洋多金属结核勘查的DY95—8航次已于1998年12月2日圆满结束,历时199天,总航程25092海里。本航次利用高新技术手段完成了海底视像深拖调查、环境基线调查、富钴结壳前期调查、土工原位测试、多波束海底地形测量和结核拖网取样等六项主要     

取得丰硕成果让人备受鼓舞——全国政协副主席陈宗兴在“908 专项”总验收会议上的讲话

经过180 多家单位、3 万多名科研人员历时8 年的艰苦努力,“908 专项”终于圆满完成任务,取得了丰硕的成果,让人倍受鼓舞和感动。在此,我对“908 专项”顺利通过总验收表示衷心祝贺！向参与项目工作、付出艰辛努力的全体同志们致以崇高的敬意!     

Model of the post-Cenozoic evolution of the cryolithozone of the shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea

The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level.     

Investigation of the mechanism of the long-term evolution of the carbon cycle in the ecosystem of the Sevastopol bay

We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability.     

Contemporary state of the investigation of the influence of the discharge of rivers on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea

We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic regime of the sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Modelling of the ecosystem of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube

We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the shelf zone and open sea. Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev     

Dynamics of the ice cover and peculiarities of the ice transportation of the sediments at the tidal flats of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea

Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m³ from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m³ on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area.     

Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east

A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state.     

Variability of the nutrient runoff of the rivers of the Arctic Basin

The spatiotemporal variability of the hydrochemical composition of the riverine runoff in nearmouth areas is presented using the example of selected rivers of the Arctic Basin. The temporal dynamics of the riverine nutrient runoff are mainly determined by the seasonal and interseasonal variations in the drainage basins. The spatial variations in the chemical composition of riverine waters in the near-mouth areas are mainly caused by the dynamics of the water flow and the river bed relief and, to a lesser degree, by biochemical processes. It is shown that the variations in the nutrient composition of the waters in near-mouth areas are comparable in magnitude to those at the river-sea geochemical barriers.     

Parameters of the sediments of the deep-water basin of the Black Sea

The methodology and the first results of the computations of the volumes, masses, and growth rates of the sedimentary body of the buried Black Sea basin are presented. Their temporal evolution reflects the regional paleogeodynamics, in particular, the reorientation of the vector of the relative movement of the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates and the related intensification of their collision in the late Miocene-Pliocene.     

Modelling of the ecosystem on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea

Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

Evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea

The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates.