南黄海沉积物中氮、磷的生物地球化学行为

于2004年10月采集南黄海4个站位的柱状沉积物和29个站位的表层沉积物,用氧化浸取分光光度法研究了自然粒度下沉积物中的氮、磷分布特征以及控制其分布的生物地球化学机制。结果表明,多数站位随着沉积深度的增加,沉积物中氮、磷浓度趋于稳定。4个站稳定时氮浓度平均约为289μg/g,磷约为329μg/g,平均稳定浓度出现的沉积层次分别为氮>30cm,磷>22cm。氮、磷垂直分布形状的规则性与沉积速率密切相关,沉积速率越小的站位,其氮、磷垂直分布愈规则;海洋沉积物中的氮主要来源自海洋生物的代谢,而磷与陆源碎屑输入密切相关。氮与沉积物粘土含量、浮游动物生物量干重有明显的正相关关系。海水中浮游动物干重每增加1mg/m3,则沉积物中氮浓度增加5.64μmol/g,磷不存在这样的关系。沉积物中氮的早期成岩速率远高于磷,在沉积物海水界面附近氮约为磷的7.4倍。海水浮游生物生物量与沉积物中氮的早期成岩类型密切相关,在所研究的2004年秋季海水中,浮游动物生物量干重19mg/m3是沉积物中氮早期成岩类型转变的界限值,小于这一界限值,水体中的氮趋向于向沉积物中凝聚;大于19mg/m3,则沉积物中的氮趋向于向水体释放。     

南海北部滨珊瑚微结构的SEM分析及其对气候记录重建的意义

造礁珊瑚是重建高分辨率的古气候变化记录的理想载体,而珊瑚骨骼的微结构反映珊瑚的生长特征,了解珊瑚的微结构有助于更好地理解珊瑚的古气候记录。利用扫描电镜分析了南海北部三亚和北海一些中全新世及现代滨珊瑚的微结构。在低放大倍数下(<1 000倍)观察到珊瑚单体、隔壁、隔壁齿、孔洞、隔膜、共骨、横梁等结构。在高放大倍数下(≥1 000倍)观察到具有鹅卵石状、蔟状、柱状及针状4种文石晶体的基本类型及文石晶体组成的钙化中心、隔膜等结构。根据这些基本微结构变化特征,可以清楚分辨出珊瑚死亡-恢复生长界线,并可观察到珊瑚的文石晶体是否受到后期蚀变的影响,例如充填、重结晶等。在所分析的三亚、北海滨珊瑚样品中,冬季最冷及夏季最热时期均没有发现死亡-恢复生长界线,指示持续生长的方式。经过测量,珊瑚隔膜横向延展形成的纹层生长时间约为一个月,这对于利用微区分析建立精细的超过月分辨率的气候记录具有重要意义。微结构显示北海地区的老珊瑚暗层具有较多的杂质充填,结合氧同位素地球化学记录的变化特征,可以发现这些暗层形成于夏季,受高温以及海水强烈扰动而导致生长速率减缓所致。     

两种蔷薇珊瑚骨骼微结构观察及钙化过程分析

蔷薇珊瑚属是印度—太平洋地区第二大造礁石珊瑚属,本研究选取两种分枝状蔷薇珊瑚——指状蔷薇珊瑚Montipora digitata与脆蔷薇珊瑚Montipora fragilis,利用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪观察分析其骨骼微结构和钙化过程。结果表明,两种蔷薇珊瑚骨骼基本组成结构(包括珊瑚杯、隔片、体壁、鳞板等)大体相同,但也存在诸多细节差异。指状蔷薇珊瑚共骨为平滑型网状,表面有较短的小刺(长约40μm),珊瑚杯之间间隔较大(约1mm),第一轮隔片除直接隔片大而呈薄片状外,其他隔片发育不完整,隔片刺较发达呈扁平狭板状。脆蔷薇珊瑚共骨为瘤突型网状,表面有众多的小刺(长约100μm),珊瑚杯之间有隆起的脊,第一轮隔片退化成短刺状。脆蔷薇珊瑚体壁上的小孔比指状蔷薇珊瑚的大。蔷薇珊瑚骨骼主要成分为文石晶体,多为簇状,少数为鹅卵石状。能谱分析表明,珊瑚碳酸钙骨骼并非直接生成,而是经历以下4个过程:1)钙的富集,形成钙点;2)钙结合碳与氧,此时碳多氧少;3)文石晶体趋于规则,碳元素减少,氧元素增多;4)大量的文石晶体聚集成羽簇,有序地排列形成成熟的骨骼。     

胶州湾沉积物-海水界面硅的交换速率及其影响因素探讨

采用实验室培养法在原位温度和溶氧条件下测定了胶州湾沉积物-海水界面硅的交换速率,并探讨了相关环境因子对界面交换速率的影响机制。结果表明,胶州湾沉积物-海水界面硅的交换表现为从沉积物向水体释放,其交换速率在947~4 889 μmol/（m2·d）范围内,平均速率为1 819 μmol/（m2·d）。表层沉积物中叶绿素a（Chl a）和总有机碳（TOC）是影响胶州湾沉积物-海水界面硅交换速率的主要环境因子,同时表层沉积物的含水率（φ）、生源硅（BSi）和粘土含量以及间隙水中溶解硅酸盐（DSi）对沉积物-海水界面硅的交换也有重要影响。由此可推知,胶州湾沉积物-海水界面硅的交换速率主要受生物活动和溶解-扩散双重过程调控,而表层沉积物粒度与底层水体中DSi对胶州湾硅的释放影响较小。     

南海北部涠洲岛海域Merulinidae珊瑚文石骨骼和海水间微量元素分配系数：来自珊瑚种属和瑞利分馏的影响

微量元素在珊瑚文石骨骼和海水间的分配过程是控制海水中微量元素进入珊瑚骨骼的关键环节,表征该分配过程的分配系数(K_D)常用于时间序列上的海水微量元素含量重建。由于缺乏珊瑚和海水的原位研究,我们对珊瑚文石骨骼与海水之间微量元素的分配行为的了解非常有限,这严重阻碍了我们对于准确的海水化学定量数据的获取。本研究中,我们选取了南海北部涠洲岛海域的两种典型的造礁石珊瑚种(网状菊花珊瑚(Goniastrea retiformis)和八重山扁脑珊瑚(Platygyra yaeyamaensis))和周围原位表层海水中的5种微量元素(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr)进行研究,估算了这些微量元素在珊瑚文石骨骼和海水之间的分配系数。研究结果表明：各个微量元素在网状菊花珊瑚和八重山扁脑珊瑚文石骨骼和海水间的分配系数分别为3.65和3.49(Cu); 0.57和0.97(Zn);1.06和1.42(Pb);0.88和1.01(Cd);0.66和0.60(Cr)。结合前人报道的各个种属珊瑚的分配系数,我们发现不同珊瑚种属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的K_D值存在显著差异,而Cr的...     

珊瑚礁对热液流体的地球化学记录—来自南海西沙永兴岛珊瑚礁稀土元素的证据

碳酸盐岩中稀土元素的含量、配分模式及元素异常记录了周围沉积水体的特征,能够很好地指示古海洋及沉积环境。珊瑚具有的高分辨率和稀土元素的高稳定性的特点,能够忠实地记录周围海水的地球化学特征。本文以南海西沙宣德环礁永兴岛142～84 ka发育的珊瑚礁为研究对象,通过主微量元素含量,尤其是稀土元素含量及其配分图解,判断珊瑚礁形成时周围水体的特征。结果表明自142 ka以来,永兴岛大部分珊瑚礁具有正常海相碳酸盐岩的稀土配分特征,表现为LREE亏损,Ce负异常及高的Y/Ho比值,表明周围水体属于开阔的浅海,但是位于23 m处(年龄为114 ka)的滨珊瑚骨骼格架除了有正常海相碳酸盐岩的特征外,还具有明显的Eu正异常,这表明其形成时有热液流体的加入。经过模型计算,认为在滨珊瑚骨骼格架的生长阶段,至少有0.1%的热液加入周围的海水中。通过资料查询和年龄对比,认为这些热液可能与高尖石岛或海南岛火山活动有关。     

海水盐度对沉降泥沙固结过程影响研究

黄河每年输送上亿吨泥沙入海,其中80%以上沉积在河口附近水下三角洲。受黄河入海径流量、气候及海洋动力条件影响,黄河口海域海水盐度变化显著。目前,不同盐度海水环境下入海泥沙沉降形成的海床土,固结过程有何差异尚不清楚。本文在黄河水下三角洲潮坪配制不同盐度的流态沉积物,模拟不同沉积环境下新沉积土的固结过程,利用轻型贯入测试、十字板剪切测试等现场原位试验,实时观测沉积环境盐度对沉降泥沙固结过程的影响。研究发现:随着海水盐度增加,沉积物固结强度增大,沉积环境盐度每增高1‰,沉积物固结后强度可增加0.15倍;海水盐度对沉积物固结速率的影响,在初始阶段表现不明显,在沉积物固结后期,盐度每增高1‰,固结速率可增长1.23倍;海水盐度的增高,还加剧了沉积物固结强度的空间非均匀性。本研究的发现,促进了对河口区海底工程环境的认识。     

单轴抗压强度揭示南海珊瑚骨骼结构的差异

通过单轴抗压强度测试法,测量南海北部涠洲岛和南部南沙群岛美济礁块状珊瑚骨骼的抗压强度,将工程力学和珊瑚礁地质生态学相结合,用定量的数据揭示南海南、北部珊瑚骨骼结构的差异性。结果表明,美济礁珊瑚的单轴抗压强度近3倍于涠洲岛样品,显示涠洲岛珊瑚的承载能力相对较弱。南沙群岛海域珊瑚样品的力学性质呈弹性曲线规则变化,而涠洲岛珊瑚的抗压强度时间曲线呈现不规则变化,有不断压密、调整、再压密的过程。通过对破坏后样品的观察,涠洲岛样品的破坏并没有发生在沿生长轴线的方向,而是在孔洞和骨骼密度小的部位。生物侵蚀加重、孔洞增多导致涠洲岛珊瑚骨骼结构的改变,进一步导致了珊瑚不仅抗压强度差、承载力下降,而且力学性质紊乱。该研究工作用定量的数据论证了海水污染对珊瑚骨骼结构改变的影响,建议开展岛礁工程、生态修复等工作之前的首要任务是保护水质、控制排放、有效治理海水污染。     

闽北近海柱状沉积物粒度特征及沉积速率研究

通过对闽北近海柱状沉积物的粒度频率曲线、粒度参数、粒度组成和沉积速率变化等特征分析,探讨闽北近海现代沉积环境条件变化.结果显示,闽北近海沉积物类型单一,以粘土质粉砂为主,粒级变化不大,粒度组成相对集中,粉砂级占绝对优势.频率曲线主要以主次双峰型为主,Zk1、Zk2柱样局部层位为主次三峰形态.Zk1、Zk2、Zk3柱样分别在78、69、87 cm处有不太明显的分段特征,上段平均粒径均略大于下段.研究表明潮流作用是该海域主沉积动力,沉积物主要以陆源物质为主,研究海域的水深整体略有变浅.研究区现代平均沉积速率为1.18～1.23 cm/a,里山湾和台山列岛附近海域沉积物平均沉积速率较快,分别为1.23、1.20 cm/a,大于七星列岛附近海域的沉积速率1.18 cm/a.海水动力条件是主要的控制因素,百年以来里山湾和台山列岛附近海域的水动力大小逐渐减弱,沉积物的沉积速率减小,台山列岛附近海域沉积速率减小幅度比较大;七星列岛附近海域水动力条件逐渐增强,沉积速率缓慢增加.     

鹿角杯形珊瑚骨骼构造和显微结构的研究

石珊瑚骨骼对重建古海洋古气候环境,评估珊瑚礁对未来气候变化、海洋酸化的响应和反馈,辨识现存造礁石珊瑚种属及其演化途径有着十分重要的作用和意义。为了更好地认知造礁石珊瑚骨骼特征,在三亚海域采集了常见的造礁石珊瑚——鹿角杯形珊瑚Pocillopora damicornis,通过扫描电镜(结合EDS能谱仪)、红外分光显微镜分析其碳酸钙骨骼结构和成分的特征,结果表明鹿角杯形珊瑚骨骼主要成分为文石,少数骨骼样品的空腔中发育有极少量方解石矿物。虽然鹿角杯形珊瑚骨骼宏观架构和中观架构在群体间和单体间存在诸多差异,但不同形态的骨骼样品具有基本相同的发育模式和基础结构单元。同时,发现鹿角杯形珊瑚骨骼内部空腔存在有次生文石沉积发育现象,同时常伴生着水镁石矿物的发育,而且这与骨骼中的钻孔穴居动物有很大关联。     

Low calcification rates and calcium carbonate production in Porites panamensis at its northernmost geographic distribution

Porites panamensis is a hermatypic coral present in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Skeletal growth parameters have been reported, but studies of the relationship between annual calcification rates and environmental controls are scarce. In this study, we investigated three aspects of the annual calcification rates of P. panamensis: growth parameters among three P. panamensis populations; the sea surface temperature as a calcification rate control spanning a latitudinal gradient; and calcium carbonate production among three sites. Growth parameters varied among the sites due to the colony growth form. Massive colonies in the north showed a higher calcification rate than encrusting colonies in the south (mean: 1.22–0.49 g CaCO₃ · cm^?2 · yr^?1), where variations in calcification rates were related to growth rate (0.91–0.38 cm · yr^?1) rather than to skeletal density differences (overall mean ± SD, 1.31 ± 0.04 g CaCO₃ · cm^?3). Our results showed a positive linear relationship between annual calcification rates and sea surface temperatures within these P. panamensis populations. Differences were related to distinct oceanographic environments (within and at the entrance of the Gulf of California) with different sea surface temperature regimes and other chemical properties. Different populations calcified under different environmental conditions. Calcium carbonate production was dependent upon the calcification rate and coral cover and so carbonate production was higher in the north (coral cover 12%) than in the south (coral cover 3.5). Thus, the studied sites showed low calcium carbonate production (0.25–0.43 kg CaCO₃ · m^?2 · yr^?1). Our results showed reduced calcification rates, regional temperature regime control over calcification rates, different growth forms, low coral cover and low calcium carbonate production rates in P. panamensis.     

金属离子种类对珊瑚砂微生物固化影响研究

选用巴斯德芽孢杆菌,对微生物诱导钙离子、镁离子以及铁离子形成碳酸盐固化松散珊瑚砂颗粒的效果进行对比研究。试验结果表明,在相同试验方法、相同注入次数的条件下,微生物诱导形成的碳酸钙和碳酸镁能将珊瑚砂松散颗粒固化成为整体,加入铁离子的试样因为反应过程的原因没有成功。通过渗透性、干密度变化、无侧限抗压强度及微观结构等方面进行对比分析,钙离子试样相对于镁离子试样,具有固化过程平稳、干密度增量大、强度高、微观颗粒包裹更好的优点。综合试验结果得出,钙离子是现阶段微生物固化珊瑚砂较为理想的金属离子。本试验首次探讨了金属离子种类对珊瑚砂微生物固化效果的影响,为微生物固化技术提供了一定理论基础,对该技术的进一步应用具有一定借鉴意义。     

Distribution and population structure of deep‐dwelling red coral in the Northwest Mediterranean

Commercially harvested since ancient times, the highly valuable red coral Corallium rubrum (Linnaeus, 1758) is an octocoral endemic to the Mediterranean Sea and adjacent Eastern Atlantic Ocean, where it occurs on rocky bottoms over a wide bathymetric range. Current knowledge is restricted to its shallow populations (15–50 m depth), with comparably little attention given to the deeper populations (50–200 m) that are nowadays the main target of exploitation. In this study, red coral distribution and population structure were assessed in three historically exploited areas (Amalfi, Ischia Island and Elba Island) in the Tyrrhenian Sea (Western Mediterranean Sea) between 50 and 130 m depth by means of ROV during a cruise carried out in the summer of 2010. Red coral populations showed a maximum patch frequency of 0.20 ± 0.04 SD patches·m^?1 and a density ranging between 28 and 204 colonies·m^?2, with a fairly continuous bathymetric distribution. The highest red coral densities in the investigated areas were found on cliffs and boulders mainly exposed to the east, at the greatest depth, and characterized by medium percentage sediment cover. The study populations contained a high percentage (46% on average) of harvestable colonies (>7 mm basal diameter). Moreover, some colonies with fifth‐order branches were also observed, highlighting the probable older age of some components of these populations. The Ischia population showed the highest colony occupancy, density and size, suggesting a better conservation status than the populations at the other study locations. These results indicate that deep dwelling red coral populations in non‐stressed or less‐harvested areas may diverge from the inverse size‐density relationship previously observed in red coral populations with increasing depth.     

On the variation in calcium content of the waters of Laccadives (Arabian Sea)

The concentration of calcium was determined in the samples collected from four stations in the Laccadive Sea and from two lagoons of Kavaratti and Minicoy atolls. The calcium/chlorinity ratio for the open ocean samples was found to be 0.02168 ± 0.000015 with an average calcium concentration of 424.9 mg kg^?1. A maximum in this ratio was observed at about 200 m depth, below the salinity maximum corresponding to Arabian Sea Surface Water mass. No increase in calcium concentration or in calcium/chlorinity ratio was observed down to 1500 m depth, thereby ruling out the possibility of any calcium carbonate dissolution at these depths. Samples from Kavaratti and Minicoy lagoons gave much lower values of the Ca/Cl ratio (0.02145 ± 0.000036 and 0.02142 ± 0.000046, respectively). These low values are apparently the result of calcium utilization by the coral reefs. Using the reduction in the calcium concentration inside the lagoon, in the absence of any chemical precipitation, the annual CaCO₃ production by reef flat and lagoon on Kavaratti Atoll has been estimated as 1 · 10⁷ kg. This gives an average gross production of 1.4 kg CaCO₃ per m² per yr.     

埕岛海区钢铁阴极保护参数研究

于1989年9月开始，在山东省胜利油田胜利设计院化学研究室，对A₃钢的保护参数进行研究。实验介质为现场采集的黄河入海口附近的含悬浮泥沙的新鲜海水。实验在动水（1.5m／s），静水和动静水交替三种模拟状态下进行。控制保护电位为-800，-900，-1000mV（Ag／AgCl），研究在上述状态下和不同电位下的保护度，最大冲击保护电流密度及稳定的保护电流密度。结果表明，在三种保护电位下，A₃钢的保护度都在90％以上，可以达到防腐目的。在不同的模拟状态下，保护电流密度变化较大，其稳定值在动水状态下为2000－2500 mA/m2，在静水状态下为85 – 120 mA/m²，在动静水交替下为70 - 400 mA/m²。最大冲击保护电流密度（动水状态，保护电位为-1000 mV）接近30 A/m²。     

密度胁迫对日本囊对虾生长和水环境的影响

为了探讨密度胁迫对日本囊对虾(Marsupenaeus japonicus)生长、存活及水质因子的影响, 作者设置了100尾/m²(DD)、200 尾/m²(GD)、400 尾/m²(GZ)、600 尾/m²(GG)4个养殖密度, 分析了不同养殖密度下日本囊对虾的生长量、存活率、肥满度及水质因子的差异。结果表明, 实验所监测的水质因子均在对虾生长的安全阈值内, 氨态氮、亚硝态氮、总氮和总磷含量表现出随养殖密度增加逐渐升高的趋势; 体长和体质量增长量、存活率与养殖密度呈负相关, 其中存活率处理间均达到极显著水平(P< 0.01), 且当养殖密度高于200尾/m²时存活率迅速降低; 低养殖密度(DD)处理的对虾肥满度与其他处理间差异均达到显著水平(P< 0.01)。因此, 在相似养殖条件下, 日本囊对虾的适宜养殖密度应该不高于200尾/m²。本实验过程中, 各处理间水质因子均在对虾生长的适宜范围内, 说明水质不是造成对虾死亡的主要原因。所以, 推测密度胁迫可能是造成日本囊对虾存活率低的主要原因。     

Bioerosion by the sea urchin Diadema mexicanum along Eastern Tropical Pacific coral reefs

Bioerosion is a natural process in coral reefs. It is fundamental to the health of these ecosystems. In the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) coral reefs, the most important bioeroders are sponges, bivalves, sea urchins and the fish Arothron meleagris. In the 1980s, El Niño caused high coral mortality and an increase in macroalgal growth. As a result, greater sea urchin bioerosion occurred. This weakened the reef framework. Considering the high vulnerability of the ETP coral reefs, the goal of this study was to determine the current bioerosion impact of the sea urchin Diadema mexicanum along the western coasts of Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Panamá. The balance between coral bioaccretion and sea urchin bioerosion was also calculated. Between 2009 and 2010, in 12 coral reefs localities, D. mexicanum density, bottom cover and rugosity were quantified along band transects. The daily bioerosion rate was obtained from the amount of carbonates evacuated by sea urchins per unit time. The rate of coral accretion was calculated by multiplying the coral growth rate of the dominant genus by the density of their skeleton and by their specific coral cover. The localities were dissimilar (R = 0.765, P < 0.001) in terms of live coral cover, crustose calcareous algae, turf cover, rugosity index, and density and size of D. mexicanum. At all sites, with the exception of Bahía Culebra (Costa Rica), coral bioerosion was less than coral bioaccretion. Diadema mexicanum plays a dominant role in the balance of carbonates in the ETP, but this depends on reef condition (protection, overfishing, eutrophication) and so the impacts can be either positive or negative.     

全球变暖和核电站温排水对大亚湾滨珊瑚钙化的影响

全球变暖引起的珊瑚白化和珊瑚钙化能力减弱,对全球珊瑚礁生态系统构成了严重威胁.在这样的背景下,相对高纬度海域石珊瑚(Scleractinia)群落被认为是珊瑚物种延续的最后避难所.通过分析大亚湾海域持续生长46年(1962-2007年)的滨珊瑚Porites骨骼参数(生长率、密度和钙化率),研究相对高纬度海域石珊瑚钙化对全球变暖以及人为热排放的响应模式.结果显示,滨珊瑚平均生长率、密度和钙化率分别为0.97cm·a-1(0.41-1.32cm·a-1)、1.45g·cm-3(1.17-1.65g·cm-3)和1.40g·(cm2·a)-1[0.59-1.93g·(cm2·a)-1].海表温度(SST)是该海域石珊瑚钙化的主导控制因素.1962-1993年,全球变暖、SST上升对大亚湾滨珊瑚生长有缓解冬季低温胁迫、促进骨骼钙化的作用.然而,随着SST持续上升以及大亚湾核电站的运行,全球变暖与核电站温排水对滨珊瑚骨骼形成高密度带造成抑制作用,导致自1993年以后滨珊瑚骨骼生长率和钙化率呈下降趋势,并出现1997-2001年和2006年的低谷.因此,全球变暖,至少是初期,对相对高纬度海域石珊瑚钙化乃至珊瑚礁发育是有促进作用的.但随着SST持续上升,加上ENSO等极端高温事件以及人类活动的影响,可能在未来会出现相对高纬度海域的大面积石珊瑚白化.     

三沙永乐龙洞洞内侧壁礁体矿物和元素组成及其晚更新世以来的形成演化

三沙永乐龙洞深度在300m左右,是目前全球已知最深的海洋蓝洞,但是对其性质和成因了解极其有限。本研究使用X射线粉晶衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪、AMS14C测年等分析测试方法对采自不同深度的洞壁礁体的矿物物相、元素含量和形成年代进行了测定,探讨了洞壁性质和龙洞的演化。研究结果表明:三沙永乐龙洞洞内侧壁矿物均属于碳酸盐矿物,包括文石、高镁方解石和低镁方解石,平均含量分别为49.0%、46.6%、14.3%,它们主要来自钙质生物碎屑;洞内侧壁的主要元素是Ca、Mg、Sr,平均含量分别为36.8%、0.98%、0.48%。三沙永乐龙洞是一个复合体,17m以上岩石年龄晚于7.5cal kaBP,是全新世海平面上升时期形成的现代珊瑚礁体,没有经历过海平面下降引起的成岩作用; 17—35m岩石形成时代早于25cal ka BP,是经历了大气淡水成岩作用的晚更新世喀斯特溶洞,且在高海平面时期于17—23m以浅的空间内广泛发育洞内珊瑚礁。     

Prediction of diagenetic facies using well logs – A case study from the upper Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,China

Understanding diagenetic heterogeneity in tight sandstone reservoirs is vital for hydrocarbon exploration. As a typical tight sandstone reservoir, the seventh unit of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin (Chang 7 unit), central China, is an important oil-producing interval. Results of helium porosity and permeability and petrographic assessment from thin sections, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and cathodoluminescence analysis demonstrate that the sandstones have encountered various diagenetic processes encompassing mechanical and chemical compaction, cementation by carbonate, quartz, clay minerals, and dissolution of feldspar and lithic fragments. The sandstones comprise silt-to medium-grained lithic arkoses to feldspathic litharenites and litharenites, which have low porosity (0.5%–13.6%, with an average of 6.8%) and low permeability (0.009 × 10⁻³ μm² to 1.818 × 10⁻³ μm², with an average of 0.106 × 10⁻³ μm²).This study suggests that diagenetic facies identified from petrographic observations can be up-scaled by correlation with wire-line log responses, which can facilitate prediction of reservoir quality at a field-scale. Four diagenetic facies are determined based on petrographic features including intensity of compaction, cement types and amounts, and degree of dissolution. Unstable and labile components of sandstones can be identified by low bulk density and low gamma ray log values, and those sandstones show the highest reservoir quality. Tightly compacted sandstones/siltstones, which tend to have high gamma ray readings and relatively high bulk density values, show the poorest reservoir quality. A model based on principal component analysis (PCA) is built and show better prediction of diagenetic facies than biplots of well logs. The model is validated by blind testing log-predicted diagenetic facies against petrographic features from core samples of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, which indicates it is a helpful predictive model.