青岛地铁工程岩体风化规律探讨

根据钻孔实测资料运用趋势面分析法研究青岛地铁沿线岩体风化规律，发现岩体各风化带界面标高及风化壳厚度呈波状起伏。指出：这主要受构造、岩性控制。岩体各风化带界面标高的变化与地表形态变化表现基本一致。     

南沙群岛珊瑚礁岩体结构特征及工程地质分带

珊瑚礁是发育于海洋环境之中、由造礁珊瑚和生物历经生物和地质作用形成的地质体，是一种特殊的岩土介质类型。在南沙群岛珊瑚礁体上，水动力作用和沉积类型、地形地貌都具有成带分布的特点，因而岩体结构和工程地质性质亦具有分带性。在珊瑚礁海洋水动力环境分带的基础上．研究了南沙群岛珊瑚礁的剖面结构、内部结构和浅地层结构特征以及工程地质分层和岩性，将珊瑚礁岩体结构划分为4种类型和5个工程地质相带，并对各分带的工程特性及适宜性进行了评价。     

卤虫卵质量的评价

卤虫卵质量关系到育苗的成败。本文介绍了评定卤虫卵质量的某些最 基本因素：营养价值，孵化 质量，无节幼体的大小。     

西南极冰盖下伏晚新生代侵位火山岩体的冰川迁移

西南极冰盖下伏晚新生代侵位火山岩体的冰川迁移ＪｏｈｎＣ．Ｂｅｈｒｅｎｄｔ晚新生代复式、玄武质、碱性火山岩体（ＬｅＭａｓｕｒｉｅｒ和ＴＩ６ｍｓｏｎ，１９９０）的广泛出露表现出被冰覆盖的西南极洲裂谷的特征．少数火山岩年龄为３０Ｍａ，多数在１５Ｍａ至今；其...     

潮间带低速层中高速埋伏岩体计算模式的建立

在某些沿海潮间带区域的低速层中常存在一定数量的巨大高速滚石埋伏岩体。这些埋伏岩体会给工程地质勘察带来很大的困难 ,甚至无法进行工程地质勘察。根据浅层折射波方法原理利用浅层折射波相遇时距曲线与折射波射线路径关系建立了求取浅层高速埋伏岩体的埋深及其厚度的计算模式 ,利用这些公式可以较准确地确定高速埋伏岩体的位置、埋深及其厚度 ,对工程地质勘察是十分有利的。     

济阳坳陷探井地质风险评价方法——以陡坡带砂砾岩体为例

济阳坳陷圈闭已进入隐蔽油气藏勘探阶段,当前面临的主要地质风险是不同类型隐蔽油气藏识别及含油气性判断、同一类型隐蔽油气藏的规模等。此文针对勘探重点类型陡坡带砂砾岩体建立探井地质风险评价方法,主要是从成藏地质条件和失利探井两个方面对地质风险的成因进行分析,总结成藏的主控因素,进而确定地质风险评价的地质要素,并通过地质条件和统计分析,对地质要素进行分级,建立分级标准;利用勘探成功率影响程度法,确定权系数,从而建立地质风险评价标准。用2009年已钻探井对评价标准进行检验,评价结果与钻探结果吻合率为80％,取得了较好的应用效果。     

海事测绘产品质量评定系统的设计与开发

为实现各类海事测绘产品质检及评定工作的规范化、流程化及智能化操作,结合实际工作需求及《海事测绘产品质量评定方法及要求》(JT/T 952-2014),设计并实现了质量评定系统,以实现各类海事测绘产品"两级质检,一级验收"的质量评定工作流程。该软件系统质检内容全面、可靠性高、易于扩展,已成功应用于北方海区30余项港口航道图测量项目。     

合格评定资料介绍

本文介绍关于合格评定的资料。这些资料包括合格评定的组织机构、法律法规及技术法规,以供对实验室认可和质量认证感兴趣的机构参考。     

基于三维质量结构模式构建广西中医护理质量评价指标体系

目的：构建广西中医医院中医特色护理质量评价指标体系,为评价广西中医护理质量提供参考依据。方法：以三维质量结构模式为理论框架,采用德尔菲法、层次分析法构建广西中医医院中医特色护理质量评价指标体系。结果：2轮函询问卷的有效回收率分别为95.24%、100.00%,专家权威系数分别为0.851、0.878,肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.283、0.304（均P＜0.01）。最终构建的广西中医医院中医特色护理质量评价指标体系包括一级指标3项、二级指标10项、三级指标59项。结论：本研究构建的广西中医医院中医特色护理质量评价指标体系具有较高的科学性,可为广西中医护理质量评价提供参考依据。     

海图产品质量模糊综合评判模型的构建方法

针对当前海图产品质量评定方法的不足,运用数学分析方法,结合模糊综合评判原理,建立了一种海图产品质量评定的数学模型。首先介绍了当前海图产品质量评定的方法及模糊综合评判的基本原理;然后通过分析海图质量的影响因素和质量分级方案,确定相应的评判方法和质量标准数值化方法;最后按照模糊综合评判的一般步骤构建适用于海图产品质量评定的数学模型。该模型利用各评价因素对不同质量等级的隶属度来体现其反映的质量信息,使质量本身所具有的模糊属性得到体现和尊重,避免了基于刚性质量观的评价所面对的问题。     

海底隧道围岩稳定性模糊概率分析

针对采用定值相对极限位移判定隧道围岩稳定性时存在的问题,提出了采用模糊概率理论判定隧道围岩稳定的计算方法.结合厦门翔安海底隧道工程实际,利用曲线回归和模糊概率方法对海底隧道围岩稳定性概率进行了计算分析.参考现行规范并根据海底隧道各个开挖步的变形量综合确定极限相对位移上下限,采用指数函数对海底隧道CRD1部和CRD3部的拱顶下沉收敛曲线进行了回归分析.根据回归参数及实测结果,应用模糊概率公式对隧道围岩的稳定性概率进行了计算,从而为根据某个时刻的相对位移来判断海底隧道稳定性提供了参考.     

Analysis and evaluation of coral reef integrity based on borehole camera technology

At present, very few drilling surveys have been conducted on coral reefs, and comprehensive geological info on coral reefs is difficult to obtain. However, research on coral reefs is of great importance to development and exploitation of maritime resources. In the survey of Chenhang Island in Paracel (Xisha) Islands, we applied the digital borehole camera technology the first time in China, which resulted in a large amount of first-hand geological data. We utilized the rock mass integrity index (RMDI) method in our analysis of coral reef integrity, and the value of coefficient α in the RMDI was determined to evaluate the size effect of cavities on coral reefs. We then developed the correlation between RMDI values and coral reef integrity with references to the rock mass classification standard, which enabled the engineering evaluation of coral reef integrity. By statistical analysis of camera data gathered along the CK2 borehole for approximately 1-km length, we performed an integrity evaluation of the entire borehole length using the RMDI classification and created a coral reef stratum development diagram that was consistent with the actual cores. The results indicated: (1) the RMDI is a feasible approach for the analysis of coral reef integrity, (2) the classification system based on RMDI is feasible in the integrity evaluation of coral reefs, (3) the values of coral reef integrity obtained using the RMDI method are accurate, and (4) borehole camera survey and statistical analysis are important in the study of coral reefs.     

A prediction model for overlying rock thickness of subsea tunnel: A hybrid intelligent system

Abstract

The overlying rock thickness of a subsea tunnel controls its vertical line. It not only ensures the safety and stability of tunnel construction period and operation period, but also ensures the economy of subsea tunnel. In the current research, few papers give full consideration to the complex indicators of prediction the overlying rock thickness. However, in this study, a hybrid intelligent system was established to predict the overlying rock thickness of a subsea tunnel based on Qingdao Kiaochow Bay Subsea Tunnel, China. The sea depth, basic quality index of rock mass, soft soil layer thickness, permeability coefficient, and construction management level were selected as the main factors influencing the overlying rock thickness. Using the data obtained from project site exploration, objective weight factors were calculated using rough set theory, and subjective weight factors were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process. Furthermore, the combination of weights was obtained for each factor. Finally, the weight of influencing factors was incorporated into the extension model, and the overlying rock thickness of pending section was calculated. The results of overlying rock thickness prediction model are consistent with the actual value, indicating that the model has good engineering applicability and application value.     

斜向波与带填料开孔板式防波堤相互作用的研究

基于线性势流理论,对斜向波与消浪室内带部分填料的开孔板式防波堤结构的相互作用进行了理论研究.利用匹配特征函数展开法给出了开孔防波堤结构反射系数和波浪力系数的理论计算方法,在极限情况下的计算结果与已有结果一致.利用数值算例分析了开孔结构反射系数和波浪力系数的主要影响因素.增加消浪室内填料厚度通常可以降低开孔墙结构的波浪力系数,加大结构的反射系数.随着波浪入射角度的增加,带填料防波堤结构的反射系数值先减小,达到最小值后又单调增加.     

Quantitative modelling of hydrocarbon expulsion and quality grading of tight oil lacustrine source rocks: Case study of Qingshankou 1 member,central depression,Southern Songliao Basin,China

The quality of source rocks plays an important role in the distribution of tight and conventional oil and gas resources. Despite voluminous studies on source rock hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and overpressure, a quality grading system based on hydrocarbon expulsion capacity is yet to be explored. Such a grading system is expected to be instrumental for tight oil and gas exploration and sweet spot prediction. This study tackles the problem by examining Late Cretaceous, lacustrine source rocks of the Qingshankou 1 Member in the southern Songliao Basin, China. By evaluating generated and residual hydrocarbon amounts of the source rock, the extent of hydrocarbon expulsion is modelled through a mass balance method. The overpressure is estimated using Petromod software. Through correlation between the hydrocarbon expulsion and source rock evaluation parameters [total organic carbon (TOC), kerogen type, vitrinite reflectance (R_o) and overpressure], three classes of high-quality, effective and ineffective source rocks are established. High-quality class contains TOC >2%, type-I kerogen, R_o >1.0%, overpressure >7Mpa, sharp increase of hydrocarbon expulsion along with increasing TOC and overpressure, and high expulsion value at R_o >1%. Source rocks with TOC and R_o <0.8%, type-II₂ & III kerogen, overpressure <3Mpa, and low hydrocarbon expulsion volume are considered ineffective. Rocks with parameters between the two are considered effective. The high-quality class shows a strong empirical control on the distribution of tight oil in the Songliao Basin. This is followed by the effective source rock class. The ineffective class has no measurable contribution to the tight oil reserves. Because the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of source rocks is controlled by many factors, the lower limits of the evaluation parameters in different basins may vary. However, the classification method of tight source rocks proposed in this paper should be widely applicable.     

The theoretical study on diagonal wave interaction with perforated-wall breakwater with rock fill

The interaction of diagonal waves with perforated-wall breakwater partially filled with rock fill is studied using the linear potential theory. By means of the matched eigenfunction expansion method, an analytical method is presented to calculate the reflection coefficient and the wave force coefficient of the breakwater. The calculated results of the reflection coefficient for limiting cases are the same to the existing results. The main effect factors of the reflection coefficient and the wave force coefficient are analyzed by numerical examples. With the increasing of thickness of rock fill, the wave force coefficient on the perforated wall generally decreases, while the reflection coefficient increases. With the increasing of the incident angle of the wave, the reflection coefficient of the breakwater first decreases, reaches its minimum, and then increases monotonously.     

Hydrocarbon source potential of Eocene-Miocene sequence of Western Sabah,Malaysia

An evaluation of the petroleum generating potential of onshore Eocene-Miocene sequences of Western Sabah, Malaysia was performed based on organic petrological and geochemical methods. The sequences analysed are the Belait, Meligan, Temburong and West Crocker formations of western Sabah. The Belait Formation which is Stage IV equivalent in the offshore represents one of the major source rock/reservoirs of the petroleum-bearing Sabah Basin. The Eocene-Early Miocene West Crocker and Temburong formations are deepwater turbidites whilst the Miocene Meligan and Belait formations are shallow marine fluvio-deltaic deposits. The vitrinite reflectance and pyrolysis T_max values show that the Belait samples are generally immature for hydrocarbon generation, whereas the Meligan, Temburong and West Crocker samples are in the mature to late maturity stage of hydrocarbon generation. The overall bulk source rock properties of the Belait and Meligan show fair to good petroleum source rock potential with TOC more than 1 wt %, hydrocarbon yield in the range of 400–1300 ppm and moderately high HI for many of the samples. Most of the samples representing the Temburong and West Crocker formations have TOC less than 1 wt% and have no to fair hydrocarbon generating potential. Interestingly, the samples collected in the West Crocker Formation characterized by slump deposits (MTD) have TOC>2 and possess good to excellent hydrocarbon generating potential. The organic matter present in all of the studied formations is mainly of terrigenous origin based on the abundance of woody plant materials observed under the microscope. Consequently, the analysed sequences are predominantly gas prone, dominated by Type III and Type III-IV kerogen except for minor occurrence of mixed oil-gas prone Type II-III kerogen in the Belait Formation and in the slump mass transport deposits (MTD) of the West Crocker Formation.     

县级海域生态环境质量评价技术方法研究 ——以普陀区海域为例

文章构建了县级海域生态环境质量评价指标体系,建立了县级海域环境质量系数计算模型、县级海域生态质量系数计算模型以及县级海域生态环境质量综合评价模型,定义了县级海域生态环境质量评价流程。以普陀区海域为例,对县级海域生态环境质量进行综合评价,并针对关键问题和主要影响因素,提出实而可行的合理化建议,以及改善县级海域生态环境质量的长效机制。     

基于改进模糊综合-指数平滑法的地下水水质评价和预测

地下水水质评价是进行地下水资源开发、管理的基础,地下水水质预测是对未来的地下水水质变化趋势进行预报,可为地下水污染防治提供科学的依据。在模糊综合评价中,分别采用聚类权法、加权平均算子和级别特征值法,对传统方法的权重确定、算子选择和结果向量分析等关键环节进行改进;在指数平滑预测中,根据拟合结果确定指数平滑的类型,采用试算法选取权系数,并应用于大沽河地下水源地水质评价和预测。评价结果表明,改进的模糊综合评价可解决传统方法的不适性问题,可根据级别特征值比较评价等级相等的水质,更具实用性和合理性;预测结果表明,李戈庄采区和仁兆-朴木采区未来十年水质将持续恶化,且通过卡方检验分析2016-2017年预测的误差,验证了预测方法的有效性。