浙江江郎山丹霞地貌发育的年代与成因

江郎山位于华南褶皱系、江山-绍兴深断裂和保安-峡口-张村断裂带之间.白垩纪早期这两大断裂的拉张断陷导致峡口盆地的形成,随之主要有下白垩统永康群馆头组(K1g)、朝川组(K1c)和方岩组(K1f)在盆地中的沉积.白垩纪晚期上述两大断裂发生强烈挤压活动,峡口盆地逐渐隆升.新生代以来,峡口盆地在构造抬升中,产生大量张断裂和节理,加速了对岩体的切割,以及岩体被切割后的崩塌,导致了丹霞地貌的发育.江郎山丹霞地貌申报世界自然遗产的主要依据是其特有的壮观而独特的老年期孤峰-巷谷以及生动而逼真的象形石丹霞地貌特征、独特的地台活化现象与重要的岩石学科学研究意义以及该区特有的重要事件地层学和古生物学研究的科学意义.本文根据对江郎山亚峰垂直贯穿于丹霞地貌岩层永康群中辉绿岩脉标本K-Ar法的测年,揭示了当地峡口红层盆地抬升的时代为晚白垩世77.89±2.6Ma BP(K2),这也是我国目前丹霞地貌研究中所测得的可靠年代学数据.     

浙江方岩丹霞地貌类型及其空间组合

浙江方岩突出的丹霞地貌类型有围谷、方山、峰丛、石柱和凹槽等,它们的空间组合沿着北西-南东方向有规律的排列:西北部五峰书院一带的凹槽和岩穴发育典型,中部鸡鸣峰、桃花峰等处分布有大量的新鲜崩积石,东南部石鼓寮的石鼓、石柱尤为突出,在峰丛与平原交汇的东、南和西三侧被围谷所环绕.这种组合体现了随着构造隆升,在以外力作用为主的不断"雕塑"下,丹霞地貌的发育一般经历了差异风化、重力崩塌、流水侵蚀搬运,完成地貌循环侵蚀的过程,期间孕育了绚丽多姿的丹霞地貌,它们主要发育于早白垩世晚期的方岩组(K1f)冲积扇-扇前辫状河相岩层中.其中,岩性的差异风化规律和辫状河相沉积的特点,可以通过对三个样点的实验数据分析加以证实.方岩丹霞地貌是在我国申报世界自然遗产丹霞地貌区中"青年期"类型的突出代表,符合申报世界自然遗产中具有突出、普遍的美学和科学价值的理由.     

浙江江郎山丹霞地貌发育的年代与成因

article revealed the uplift age of red-bed basin to be 77.89±2.6 MaBP (K2) I.e. Late Cretaceous, and it is the first chronological datum of Danxia landform research in China.     

封面照片说明:丹霞地貌

2010年8月1日,在巴西首都巴西利亚举行的联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会第34届大会上,审议通过了将中国湖南崀山、广东丹霞山、福建泰宁、贵州赤水、江西龙虎山和浙江江郎山6景区联合申报的"中国丹霞地貌"列入《世界遗产名录》。     

浙江方岩丹霞地貌发育的年代、成因与特色研究

方岩丹霞地貌在大地构造上隶属于华南褶皱系构造单元,该单元在燕山运动时期,由于太平洋板块俯冲入欧亚板块之下,促使大陆边缘地壳重新活动.晚侏罗世末至早白垩世,本区构造应力场由晚侏罗世的北西-南东向挤压,转为早白垩世的北东-南西向挤压和北西-南东向的拉张,发育了永康早白垩世断坳盆地,在盆地中沉积了下白垩统永康群馆头组(K1g)、朝川组(K1c)和方岩组(K1f)地层.中生代晚期永康盆地逐渐隆升,结束了红层沉积,遭受侵蚀,方岩地区丹霞地貌密集围谷、密集方山和廊穴等青年期的地貌特点表明该区大规模的抬升发生在较近的地质年代.     

地方性知识、主客互动与居民幸福感——对江郎山世界自然遗产地的实证研究

基于地方性知识和主客互动理论,以世界自然遗产地江郎山的当地居民为研究对象,构建了遗产地居民的地方性知识、主客互动及幸福感之间的关系模型,以回答拥有地方性知识能否促进当地居民获得幸福感及如何促进幸福感获取的问题。研究表明,知识越丰富的旅游地居民越容易获得生活、工作、心理与人际等方面的幸福感,强调了地方性知识对遗产地旅游发展的重要性,且证明了主客互动能够在地方性知识与幸福感之间搭建桥梁,发挥中介的作用。文章在理论上探讨了地方性知识在居民幸福感形成中的作用,且从主客互动的视角解释了地方性知识提升居民幸福感的机理;实践上,强调培养地方性知识和提高主客互动质量在提升遗产地居民幸福感中的重要性。     

浙江天目山自然保护区珍稀濒危植物及其利用与保护

天目山是浙江省珍稀濒危植物最丰富的地区，共有国家保护的珍稀濒危植物２５科、３４属、３７种，其中属二级保护１３种，三级保护２４种．论述了天目山珍稀濒危植物的区系特点、类型及地理分布，列举了它们的一些利用价值，最后提出了保护天目山珍稀濒危植物的一系列建议．     

浙江尖峰山烧烤场周边植物叶片磁性特征及其环境意义

对浙江省金华市尖峰山烧烤场周边地表层、灌木层和乔木层植物叶片进行系统的磁性测量。结果表明:细晶粒的超顺磁(SP)-单畴(SSD)亚铁磁性矿物主导了尖峰山烧烤场周边植物叶片的磁性特征,其受到人类活动的显著影响。中心区域贴地层植物叶片磁性矿物含量远高于灌木层和乔木层,过渡和外围区域没有明显的垂向空间差异;3种类型植物叶片磁性矿物含量均随距烧烤场中心区域距离的增大而明显降低,磁性参数χ和SIRM、χ和χARM、χ和HIRM的组合能够将中心区域与过度和外围区域有效区分。     

浙江缙云县大洋山石鼓尖花岗岩坑穴成因

On top of Shigujian Peak (1477 m a.s.l.) of the Dayangshan Mountain in Jinyun County, Zhejiang Province, large amounts of granite pits with diameters ranging from several dozens of centimeters to around one meter and depth from 10 cm to 45 cm are found on rock surface. These pits mainly appear on the NE and SE sides, and their drainage mouths are in the same direction. The identification results through micropolariscope and X-ray fluorescence spectrometer reveal that bedrock of pits is from middle to fine-grained moyite being apt to be weathered and modified. In Dayangshan region the annual mean temperature is 9.2°C and annual precipitation is over 1700 mm. On the one hand, there always experiences a period of periglacial action with temperature oscillating near 0°C for 4 months, i.e., from December to March next year. As a consequence, the freezing-thawing cycles may be remarkable to disintegrate the bedrock. On the other hand, the windward slope of Shigujian Peak meets typhoon of over force 10 on the Beaufort scale in summer, therefore, the blowing makes suspending sands or pebbles grind in swirling form. Based on field investigation and periglacial geomorphic theory, the pits on top of Shigujian Peak are attributed to freezing-thawing of periglacial action. Meanwhile, storm and strong wind accelerate the process. Observation shows that both the actions are still undergoing and variant directions of wind are the main cause for making different shapes of the pits. Because the top of Shigujian is 1500 m lower than the present snow line, some scholars considered that “glacial pothole” formed in the Quaternary is hard to work, even though in the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Foundation: Regional landform and landscape survey programme of the Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey Author: Zhu Cheng (1954–), Professor, specialized in geomorphology and the Quaternary geology.     

基于SWOT分析武陵山经济协作区旅游业的竞合发展

区域旅游开发既需要适度的竞争,更要有紧密的合作,竞合发展是实现区域问企业利益共赢之上策。“武陵山经济协作区”的部署是为了协调渝鄂湘黔4省市毗邻落后民族地区的社会经济发展,继续深化和巩固西部大开发而提出的国家战略举措。出于武陵山经济协作区跨越多个行政区和经济区,旅游资源的整体比较优势未得到充分挖掘和发展,基于SWOT分析的视角剖析其旅游业的竞合发展战略,提出建立竟合发展模式和跨政区协作机制等建议,具有重大的理论和实践意义。     

Age and genesis of the Danxia landform on Jianglang Mountain, Zhejiang Province

Jianglang Mountain is situated at the transitional zone of South China fold-system, Jiangshan–Shaoxing deep fracture zone and Baoan–Xiakou–Zhangcun fracture zone. The forming of the Xiakou basin was attributed to the pull-apart fault depression by the above fractures in earlier Cretaceous, afterward, series deposits such as Guantou formation (K1g), Chaochuan formation (K1c) and Fangyan formation (K1f) which belong to Yongkang group, the lower Cretaceous layer accumulated in the Xiakou basin. In late Cretaceous, the above fractures occurred to extrude and the basin began to uplift, meanwhile, amounts of tension fissures and joints were produced since Cenozoic, which accelerated water-dicing into bed-rock. Consequently, landform-building processing: weathering, eroding and collapsing etc. were prevalent as finally to develop the so-called Danxia landform. The Jianglang Mountain landscape zone of the Danxia landform to apply for world natural relics are relying on unique and unparalleled peak, sky-split valley with vivid stones and reviving of platform. What is more, there is significance of study at lithology, stratigraphy and paleo-biology. According to dating for specimen of ophitic vein through-crossing the Yongkang group of Yafeng Peak by K-Ar method, this article revealed the uplift age of red-bed basin to be 77.89±2.6 MaBP (K2) i.e. late Cretaceous, and it is the first chronological datum of Danxia landform research in China.     

安徽齐云山丹霞地貌成因

齐云山丹霞地貌主要发育于中白垩统小岩组K₂x¹红色砂砾岩层中, 该区地貌发育主要受景德镇-祁门断裂带、江湾-街口挤压破裂带和开化-淳安褶断带三大断裂带控制。在白垩世该区经历了地块沉降, 成为陆上的断陷湖盆, 由此接受了巨厚的白垩系红层堆积。在新构造运动中, 该区经历了隆升过程, 巨厚的白垩系沉积物变成了海拔500~600 m的山体。白垩系红色砂砾岩在经历了垂直节理发育、风化破坏阶段及剥蚀搬运阶段后, 同时受岩性本身砂岩与砾岩在组分和结构上的影响, 差异性风化剥蚀显著, 因此形成了壮观的峰林、崖、洞、方山、城堡及天生桥景观。该区585 m、400 m和150 m处的三级裂点, 大致反映了该区新构造运动中三次主要的抬升过程。     

福建冠豸山丹霞地貌成因及旅游景观特色

福建冠豸山自晚株罗世以来经历了山间盆地形成和侏罗、白垩系巨厚砂砾岩堆积成岩阶段,新构造运动中使盆地隆升和节理发育。自第三纪以来主要经夯了４次较大幅度具掀斜性质的抬升过程。从４级夷平面的相对高差可知,第一、二次抬升之间幅度差为３４～７８．８ｍ,第二、三次抬升之间的幅度差为８１～１００ｍ,第三、四次为３８～４６ｍ。在抬升过程中,受内力挤压和四周围岩压力逐渐消失造成的卸荷作用影响,岩层出现众多深大裂隙和     

西藏丹霞地貌初步研究

2012—2014年间,先后4次对西藏丹霞地貌进行考察,考察历时共计54 d,行程13 728 km,经西藏47个县(占西藏74个县的63%),实地考察了西藏丹霞地貌45处,填补了西藏丹霞地貌的空白。发现西藏昌都一带丹霞地貌的面积最大,达数千平方公里。其中类乌齐县加桑卡乡的吉哲姆戎嘎大峡谷的丹霞地貌最为奇险,丁青县觉恩乡、沙贡乡的丹霞地貌也很典型,拉孜县柳乡西侧的丹霞地貌也颇姿彩。     

龙虎山丹霞地貌特征对道教文化传承之影响

在野外考察并总结前人成果的基础上,探讨了龙虎山丹霞地貌及其组合与道教文化传承的内在关系,结果显示：丹霞地貌宏观上“色渥如丹、灿若明霞”的颜色契合了道教崇尚紫色与红色的文化心理,碧水丹山“圆、柔、平、静”的组合形态符合道教天人合一、崇尚自然的思想理念;微观上枕山面水、俯临平原、左右丹山环卫的地貌组合特征符合道教“枕山环水面屏、气聚风藏”的风水理论;造型精美、形态逼真且种类丰富的微地貌为道教传说提供了丰富的自然原型。这些独特地貌及其组合使道教在龙虎山传承逾1 900 a,创造和传承了内涵丰富、底蕴深厚、影响深远的道教文化。     

Danxia landform genesis of the Qiyun Mountain, Anhui Province

The Danxia landform of Qiyun Mountain is mainly developed on the red granule conglomerates named Xiaoyan Group (K2x1) of middle Cretaceous series, which is controlled mainly by three faulted zones, namely, Jingdezhen-Qimen faulted zone, Jiangwan-Jiekou compressional faulted zone and Kaihua-Chun’an folding faulted zone. During the Cretaceous period, this area firstly experienced massif subsidence to become a continental faulted basin, then having thick Cretaceous red sediments accumulated on it. In the supervened neotectonism, this area experienced an uplifting process, which made the thick Cretaceous sediments into a mountain with an altitude of 500-600 m. After undergoing the processes of vertical joint development, weathering, denudation and transportation, as well as evidently differential weathering and denudation influenced by lithology and structure between sandstone and conglomerate, the grand Danxia landscape consisting of peak forests, steep cliffs, caves, mesas, castellated peaks, natural bridges and so on formed. The three nick points located respectively at 585 m, 400 m and 150 m generally reflect the three dominated uplifting processes during the neotectonism.     

广东省丹霞地貌的地质构造背景和分区研究

广东省共有丹霞地貌 67 处,分布在 22 个断陷盆地中,主要受古近纪―新近纪抬升区、5 条北东向深大断裂和 1 条东西向深断裂控制,地层层位以丹霞组和南雄群为主,岩性以砾岩、砂砾岩、砂岩为主。古近纪―新近纪地壳升降运动控制了丹霞地貌在区域上的总体分布,大致以 22.5°N 为界线,以北为抬升区,发育丹霞地貌,以南为沉降区,不发育丹霞地貌;晚更新世以来的地壳升降运动,造成不同地区丹霞地貌的数量和规模有所区别：粤北、粤东北为抬升区,发育数量多、规模较大;粤中为沉降区,发育数量少、规模较小。深大断裂控制断陷盆地的分布,从而控制丹霞地貌具体的发育位置。根据地质构造背景和丹霞地貌发育特征,可将广东省划分为 4 个丹霞地貌发育区：粤北区、粤中区、粤东北区和粤西区。