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海洋遥感卫星发展历程与趋势展望 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
海洋是对地观测卫星的重要领域,在对地观测卫星中就具有专门用于海洋观测的海洋遥感卫星。海洋遥感卫星是一种利用所搭载的遥感器对海面进行光学或微波探测来获取有关海洋水色和海洋动力环境信息的卫星。海洋卫星有效弥补了传统海洋观测手段的不足,基于多种遥感器连续对海洋的观测,使人类极大的加深了对海洋的认识,在海洋灾害的防灾减灾、资源开发、海洋维权、海洋生态和环境保护等诸多领域发挥着重要作用。本文在详细梳理西方主要航天大国海洋遥感卫星(包括了对地观测卫星中具有海洋观测功能的卫星)的发展历程,在此基础上对未来海洋遥感卫星的发展趋势进行了论述,可为我国海洋遥感卫星的发展提供技术发展参考。 相似文献
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科学技术革命背景下的我国海洋管理对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了新科学技术革命背景下海洋科技与海洋经济、海洋科技与海洋管理的关系以及我国海洋管理面临的形势。因此,我国海洋管理应加强海洋综合管理的科学基础研究,完善海洋综合管理的法规体系,改革和完善海洋综合管理体制,构建符合海洋发展形势的海洋管理规划体系。 相似文献
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中国海洋卫星遥感技术进展 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
新中国成立70年来,中国在海洋卫星遥感技术领域取得了丰硕成果。中国制定了长远的自主海洋卫星发展规划,构建了海洋水色、海洋动力环境和海洋监视监测三大系列的海洋卫星,逐步形成了以中国自主卫星为主导的海洋空间监测网,在中国海洋资源与环境监测、海洋防灾减灾、海洋安全管理等方面发挥了重要作用。本文回顾了中国在海洋水色、海洋微波(海洋动力环境)卫星遥感技术的发展历程,重点介绍了中国在海洋卫星遥感技术领域所取得的新成果,并对中国海洋卫星遥感技术的未来发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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Microwave remote sensing is one of the most useful methods for observing the ocean parameters. The Doppler frequency or interferometric phase of the radar echoes can be used for an ocean surface current speed retrieval,which is widely used in spaceborne and airborne radars. While the effect of the ocean currents and waves is interactional. It is impossible to retrieve the ocean surface current speed from Doppler frequency shift directly. In order to study the relationship between the ocean surface current speed and the Doppler frequency shift, a numerical ocean surface Doppler spectrum model is established and validated with a reference. The input parameters of ocean Doppler spectrum include an ocean wave elevation model, a directional distribution function, and wind speed and direction. The suitable ocean wave elevation spectrum and the directional distribution function are selected by comparing the ocean Doppler spectrum in C band with an empirical geophysical model function(CDOP). What is more, the error sensitivities of ocean surface current speed to the wind speed and direction are analyzed. All these simulations are in Ku band. The simulation results show that the ocean surface current speed error is sensitive to the wind speed and direction errors. With VV polarization, the ocean surface current speed error is about 0.15 m/s when the wind speed error is 2 m/s, and the ocean surface current speed error is smaller than 0.3 m/s when the wind direction error is within 20° in the cross wind direction. 相似文献
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The relationships among an ocean wave spectrum,a fully polarimetric coherence matrix,and radar parameters are deduced with an electromagnetic wave theory.Furthermore,the relationship between the polarimetric entropy and ocean wave spectrum is established based on the definition of entropy and a twoscale scattering model of the ocean surface.It is the first time that the polarimetric entropy of the ocean surface is presented in theory.Meanwhile,the relationships among the fully polarimetric entropy and the parameters related to radar and ocean are discussed.The study is the basis of further monitoring targets on the ocean surface and deriving oceanic information with the entropy from the ocean surface.The contrast enhancement between human-made targets and the ocean surface with the entropy is presented with quad-pol airborne synthetic aperture radar(AIRSAR) data. 相似文献
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海浪的视景仿真有重要的应用背景与军事意义。文中围绕如何解决海浪的实时视景仿真问题,讨论了基于海浪谱的不同浪级波面的仿真模型,并讨论了海浪的实时视景仿真实现技术。这些模型与技术对于提高海浪仿真实时性与真实性有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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基于 TOGA- TAO锚定于热带太平洋海区的 53个浮标站 1994年冬季海表温度 ( SST)资料 ,采用多种分析非线性动力系统的方法。如谱分析 ,相空间重构法等 ,以及计算描述混沌行为的重要指标 ,如分维数、L yapunov指数等 ,对热带太平洋是否存在混沌现象进行判别分析。发现在热带太平洋 130°W至 12 0°W之间存在强混沌区 ,在西边界附近也存在混沌区。但通过吸引子的相型可以看出热带东太平洋与西太平洋是不同性质的非线性动力系统 ,导致系统出现混沌现象的原因可能是不同的。 相似文献
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《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2005,30(3):601-618
Wuhan University's ocean state measuring and analyzing radar (OSMAR2000), working at around 7.5 MHz in the low region of the HF band with a 120-m-long linear receiving antenna array, can measure ocean surface current at ranges of up to 200 km. An ocean surface current algorithm based on direction finding (DF) using the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method is developed for the OSMAR2000 radar. This paper describes the OSMAR2000 ocean surface current algorithm based on MUSIC and the validation experiments in the East China Sea. The results of the ocean surface current measurements demonstrate that the OSMAR2000 ocean surface current algorithm based on MUSIC is feasible for the long range of ocean surface current mapping with a sufficient bearing resolution. 相似文献
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中国海洋卫星遥感应用进展 总被引:12,自引:4,他引:8
我国海洋遥感应用自20世纪70年代起步以来,取得了长足发展,构建了覆盖海洋水色、海洋动力和海洋监视监测的三大系列海洋卫星,并初步形成了具有优势互补的卫星海洋遥感业务化应用体系。本文回顾了我国海洋卫星遥感应用取得的重要进展,重点介绍了卫星遥感在海洋环境与资源监测、海洋灾害监测、海洋权益维护、海洋环境预报与安全保障等方面所构建的典型应用示范系统,以及开展的典型业务化监测应用。最后,文章对我国海洋卫星遥感应用下一步发展进行了展望分析。 相似文献